直流穩壓三大作用

直流(liu)穩(wen)壓器一般用于在(zai)電(dian)子(zi)電(dian)路(lu)中，由電(dian)源穩(wen)壓設備、濾波電(dian)路(lu)、穩(wen)壓電(dian)路(lu)等重要部分(fen)組成(cheng)，其組成(cheng)部件的作用如下：

1、電源穩壓設備

電源穩壓設備的(de)(de)作用(yong)是將交(jiao)流(liu)220V的(de)(de)電(dian)壓變(bian)(bian)為所(suo)需的(de)(de)電(dian)壓值(zhi)，然后通樣的(de)(de)電(dian)壓還隨電(dian)網電(dian)壓波動、負載(zai)何溫度的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化而變(bian)(bian)化。

2、濾波電路

濾波電(dian)(dian)路用于(yu)濾去輸出電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)中的紋波，一般由電(dian)(dian)抗元件組成。由于(yu)電(dian)(dian)抗元件在電(dian)(dian)路中有(you)儲(chu)能(neng)作用，sd6_1we并(bing)聯的電(dian)(dian)容C在電(dian)(dian)源供(gong)給的電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升高時(shi)，能(neng)把(ba)部分能(neng)量存儲(chu)起來，而當電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)降低時(shi)，就(jiu)能(neng)把(ba)能(neng)量釋放出來，使負載電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)比較平(ping)滑，即C具有(you)平(ping)波作用

3、穩壓電路

穩壓電(dian)(dian)路(lu)的作用是當電(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)壓波動、負載何溫度變化時(shi)，維(wei)持輸出直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)壓穩定。

該圖片由注冊用戶"小含"提供，版權聲明反饋

直流穩壓電源的種類

根據應用需求的不同(tong)(tong)，直流穩壓電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)分(fen)為(wei)各類(lei)特性不同(tong)(tong)的電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)產品。

系(xi)統直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)主(zhu)要針對(dui)低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設計(ji)，通常功(gong)能簡單，輸出功(gong)率大(da)，輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流比較大(da)（從幾(ji)安(an)培到幾(ji)十(shi)安(an)培），能為多(duo)個(ge)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，滿足(zu)較大(da)功(gong)耗的(de)(de)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷。能長期連續工作、工作穩定是這類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)設計(ji)的(de)(de)重點，輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)漂移和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)調(diao)節精細度則不是重點。對(dui)于(yu)(yu)一(yi)些(xie)專用(yong)的(de)(de)基礎型系(xi)統電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)往往是固定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)型的(de)(de)，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)操(cao)作面(mian)板(ban)上并不提(ti)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)調(diao)節功(gong)能，甚至有的(de)(de)專用(yong)系(xi)統電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)不提(ti)供(gong)監控輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)表，業余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)臺(tai)愛好者使用(yong)最(zui)多(duo)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)臺(tai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)就屬于(yu)(yu)此類電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。

有(you)的(de)產品為了迎合用(yong)戶的(de)口味，都在基礎型電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)上(shang)(shang)添加(jia)了電(dian)(dian)壓表和(he)電(dian)(dian)流表，使得電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)看上(shang)(shang)去更高(gao)(gao)科技一些(xie)，同時也(ye)方(fang)便(bian)監視電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)輸(shu)出(chu)狀況。對于一些(xie)高(gao)(gao)端的(de)系統(tong)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)，使用(yong)了單片機控制(zhi)和(he)液(ye)晶狀態顯示，設置電(dian)(dian)壓可(ke)以通(tong)過鍵盤(pan)數字(zi)化輸(shu)入，有(you)些(xie)功(gong)能和(he)指(zhi)標(biao)幾乎趕上(shang)(shang)可(ke)編程電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)了。

1、固定電壓直流穩壓電源

輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)可(ke)(ke)調是可(ke)(ke)調直(zhi)流(liu)穩壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)最(zui)大(da)的(de)(de)特點。由(you)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)可(ke)(ke)調，適用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)范圍就(jiu)更廣了，廣泛應用(yong)(yong)(yong)在實驗(yan)室(shi)和(he)維修(xiu)場(chang)(chang)合，所以(yi)(yi)也(ye)被稱(cheng)為“維修(xiu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)”、“實驗(yan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)”。實際中，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)實驗(yan)室(shi)和(he)維修(xiu)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)會(hui)增加更多附加實用(yong)(yong)(yong)功(gong)能(neng)，如可(ke)(ke)調限流(liu)功(gong)能(neng)、跟蹤(zong)功(gong)能(neng)等。限流(liu)功(gong)能(neng)比較(jiao)實用(yong)(yong)(yong)，它可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)設定(ding)穩壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)輸出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)最(zui)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，當電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)輸出(chu)(chu)超(chao)過設定(ding)值時(shi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)會(hui)下跌，但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)不會(hui)繼(ji)續增加，類似進入恒流(liu)模(mo)式。有的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)提供過流(liu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)功(gong)能(neng)，一(yi)(yi)旦電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)超(chao)過預定(ding)值就(jiu)進入保(bao)護(hu)(hu)狀態，切斷輸出(chu)(chu)，需要重新啟(qi)動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)才能(neng)恢復輸出(chu)(chu)。在實驗(yan)和(he)維修(xiu)中，由(you)于(yu)誤操作或者電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)故障，導致短路(lu)(lu)時(shi)有發生，利用(yong)(yong)(yong)限流(liu)功(gong)能(neng)既(ji)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)自身的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)，也(ye)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)上的(de)(de)元器件，使它們不會(hui)受到(dao)大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)(de)沖擊。一(yi)(yi)般市場(chang)(chang)上常見的(de)(de)可(ke)(ke)調直(zhi)流(liu)穩壓(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)都不大(da)，輸出(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)在1～3A，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)滿足普(pu)通數碼產(chan)品(pin)和(he)移動電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)話類通信產(chan)品(pin)的(de)(de)維修(xiu)和(he)實驗(yan)需要。

2、可調直流穩壓電源

多(duo)路(lu)可(ke)調直(zhi)流穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)電源(yuan)是可(ke)調穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)電源(yuan)的(de)一(yi)(yi)種，其特點是一(yi)(yi)臺電源(yuan)提供(gong)兩(liang)路(lu)甚至(zhi)三四路(lu)可(ke)以獨(du)立設定電壓(ya)(ya)的(de)輸(shu)出，基本上(shang)可(ke)以看成幾臺單路(lu)輸(shu)出的(de)電源(yuan)合并使(shi)用，適用于需要多(duo)種電壓(ya)(ya)供(gong)電的(de)場(chang)合。高級(ji)一(yi)(yi)點的(de)多(duo)路(lu)電源(yuan)還具有電壓(ya)(ya)跟蹤功能(neng)，使(shi)幾路(lu)輸(shu)出能(neng)聯(lian)動調節。

3、多路直流穩壓電源

精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)可(ke)調(diao)直(zhi)流穩壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)可(ke)調(diao)穩壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)一種，其特點是(shi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)流調(diao)節分(fen)辨率(lv)高，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)設定精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)優(you)于0.01V。為了精(jing)(jing)(jing)確顯示(shi)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)，目前主(zhu)流的(de)精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)都采(cai)用多位數(shu)字表指示(shi)。電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)和限流精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)調(diao)節機構(gou)的(de)解決(jue)方案不同，低成本的(de)解決(jue)方案采(cai)用粗調(diao)和細調(diao)兩個(ge)電(dian)(dian)位器，標準解決(jue)方案則(ze)采(cai)用多圈電(dian)(dian)位器，高檔電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則(ze)采(cai)用單(dan)片(pian)機控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)數(shu)字化設定。采(cai)用單(dan)片(pian)機控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)的(de)穩壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)也被稱(cheng)為數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，通過數(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)方式更容易實現精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)調(diao)節與(yu)設定。精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)穩壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)內(nei)部線路也比較先進(jin)，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)穩定性也比較好(hao)自(zi)身(shen)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)漂移小，通常適用于精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)實驗場合。精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)直(zhi)流穩壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)國(guo)(guo)內(nei)的(de)稱(cheng)呼國(guo)(guo)外進(jin)口電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)基本沒有(you)標稱(cheng)精(jing)(jing)(jing)密(mi)(mi)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)，只(zhi)有(you)高分(fen)辨率(lv)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和可(ke)編程電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)。

4、高分辨率數控電源

可(ke)(ke)(ke)編(bian)程(cheng)電源是用單(dan)片機以數(shu)字化形式控制的(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)調穩(wen)壓電源，其設(she)定(ding)(ding)的(de)參數(shu)可(ke)(ke)(ke)以存(cun)儲(chu)起來供日后(hou)調用。可(ke)(ke)(ke)編(bian)程(cheng)電源設(she)定(ding)(ding)的(de)參數(shu)比較多，包括基本的(de)電壓設(she)定(ding)(ding)、功率(lv)限制設(she)定(ding)(ding)、過流設(she)定(ding)(ding)以及擴(kuo)展(zhan)的(de)過壓設(she)定(ding)(ding)等信息。通常可(ke)(ke)(ke)編(bian)程(cheng)電源具(ju)有較高(gao)的(de)設(she)定(ding)(ding)分辨率(lv)，電壓和(he)電流參數(shu)的(de)設(she)定(ding)(ding)都可(ke)(ke)(ke)以通過數(shu)字鍵盤輸(shu)入。中高(gao)檔的(de)可(ke)(ke)(ke)編(bian)程(cheng)電源自(zi)身電壓漂移也很小，多用于科研場合。

5、可編程電源

標(biao)準電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)參考源是(shi)一(yi)種特殊的(de)穩壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)源，其作(zuo)用和內部線路(lu)與普通的(de)供電(dian)型穩壓(ya)(ya)電(dian)源不同，用于提供作(zuo)為參考標(biao)準的(de)電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)信號，以校準各類電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)測(ce)量儀器(qi)（電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)表(biao)、萬用表(biao)），本身帶負載能力很低(di)，但電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)準確度很高，漂移(yi)極小。