【汽車穩壓器】汽車穩壓器的作用(yong)?汽車穩壓器有用嗎

汽車穩壓器的作用?

汽車電源穩壓器，也稱電(dian)(dian)子(zi)整流器(qi)(qi)、電(dian)(dian)子(zi)穩壓器(qi)(qi)。多數(shu)產品表述成可以穩定汽車12V主(zhu)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)回路(lu)的(de)電(dian)(dian)壓，提升汽車動力性能、節省燃油，甚至(zhi)有些(xie)產品就(jiu)直接命名(ming)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)節油器(qi)(qi)。

汽車(che)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)源有蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)。汽車(che)發(fa)動(dong)(dong)前(qian)，由蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在(zai)(zai)12.0~12.6V之(zhi)間；汽車(che)發(fa)動(dong)(dong)后，由發(fa)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)帶(dai)動(dong)(dong)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在(zai)(zai)13.3~14.8V之(zhi)間。電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)依車(che)型、車(che)輛(liang)所處(chu)工作狀態不(bu)同而(er)有所差別。

蓄(xu)電(dian)池供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)主要保證汽車沒發動(dong)(dong)時的(de)基(ji)本電(dian)路(lu)供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)功能，如：ECU和儀表盤供(gong)(gong)(gong)電(dian)、燈(deng)光照明等(deng)，還要為(wei)起動(dong)(dong)發動(dong)(dong)機提供(gong)(gong)(gong)保障。

發動機(ji)(ji)(ji)起動后，發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)投入(ru)工作(zuo)，因其(qi)輸出(chu)電(dian)(dian)壓高(gao)(gao)于蓄電(dian)(dian)池的最高(gao)(gao)電(dian)(dian)壓，因此，原本處于供電(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)的蓄電(dian)(dian)池轉為被充電(dian)(dian)狀態(tai)，汽(qi)車供電(dian)(dian)回路由(you)發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)保證供電(dian)(dian)。而發動機(ji)(ji)(ji)的工作(zuo)狀態(tai)有：怠速、變檔、加(jia)速、減速和巡(xun)航，還(huan)有不定(ding)時的汽(qi)車空調短時負荷(he)，這些(xie)都會(hui)影(ying)響發動機(ji)(ji)(ji)，導致轉速發生變化，相應的發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)轉速也隨之波動。

發電機與蓄電池不同，沒有電量儲備，其電量都是由發動機的動能瞬時轉化過來；因此，電路中的任何負荷變化，不論變化大小、時間長短，都要發電機來響應和承擔。發電機的供電響應滯后就會導致電壓波動，使汽車動力及操控性能變差。

汽車穩壓器有用嗎

發電(dian)(dian)機(ji)供電(dian)(dian)時因為沒有電(dian)(dian)量儲備，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)始終在(zai)波動中，在(zai)發動機(ji)工(gong)作狀態變化范圍越(yue)大(da)(da)時，電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)波動也會(hui)(hui)越(yue)劇烈。這會(hui)(hui)對(dui)汽(qi)車(che)工(gong)作穩定(ding)性(xing)(xing)、可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)(xing)造成(cheng)影響，也會(hui)(hui)降低發動機(ji)的(de)(de)點火(huo)可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)(xing)、噴油(you)量的(de)(de)準確性(xing)(xing)，從而影響汽(qi)車(che)駕駛(shi)性(xing)(xing)能(neng)和綜合性(xing)(xing)能(neng)。尤(you)其是(shi)一(yi)些小排量大(da)(da)車(che)身的(de)(de)款式會(hui)(hui)更為明(ming)顯，通常(chang)表現為起步緩慢、加(jia)速(su)滯后(hou)，油(you)門踩到底(di)車(che)速(su)上不去。

汽車(che)原廠是由(you)多家配(pei)套廠提供部件裝配(pei)，因此(ci)，各(ge)電(dian)路系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，如：點(dian)火系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、ECU系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、儀(yi)表系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、ABS系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)等，都是在(zai)本系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)上加(jia)寬(kuan)適應電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)范圍，沒有總(zong)體的(de)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)考慮。汽車(che)由(you)發(fa)電(dian)機供電(dian)后，各(ge)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)只管(guan)(guan)自己系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)以適應，不管(guan)(guan)別的(de)電(dian)子控制系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)；故(gu)此(ci)，由(you)于(yu)發(fa)動機轉速變化造成了(le)電(dian)源電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)不良(liang)，有必要裝備一定(ding)儲電(dian)能力的(de)總(zong)回(hui)路的(de)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)器，才能保(bao)證整(zheng)車(che)穩(wen)定(ding)供電(dian)，提高整(zheng)車(che)各(ge)個電(dian)子系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)全面穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)和(he)可(ke)靠性(xing)。