【汽(qi)車穩(wen)壓器】汽(qi)車穩(wen)壓器的作用?汽車穩壓器有用嗎

汽車穩壓器的作用?

汽車電源穩壓器，也稱電子(zi)(zi)整流器、電子(zi)(zi)穩(wen)壓(ya)器。多數產品表述(shu)成可以穩(wen)定汽車12V主(zhu)供電回路的電壓(ya)，提升汽車動(dong)力性(xing)能、節(jie)省燃油，甚至有些(xie)產品就直接(jie)命名為電子(zi)(zi)節(jie)油器。

汽(qi)車供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)源有蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池和發電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)。汽(qi)車發動(dong)前，由(you)(you)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在12.0~12.6V之間(jian)(jian)；汽(qi)車發動(dong)后，由(you)(you)發動(dong)機(ji)帶動(dong)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)，供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)在13.3~14.8V之間(jian)(jian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)依(yi)車型、車輛所處工作狀態不同而有所差(cha)別。

蓄電(dian)池供電(dian)主要保證汽(qi)車沒(mei)發(fa)動時的基本電(dian)路供電(dian)功(gong)能，如：ECU和儀表(biao)盤供電(dian)、燈光照明等，還要為起(qi)動發(fa)動機提(ti)供保障。

發(fa)動機(ji)起動后，發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)投入工(gong)作，因其輸出電(dian)(dian)壓高于蓄電(dian)(dian)池的(de)最高電(dian)(dian)壓，因此，原本處于供電(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)的(de)蓄電(dian)(dian)池轉(zhuan)為(wei)被(bei)充電(dian)(dian)狀(zhuang)態(tai)，汽車(che)供電(dian)(dian)回路由發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)保證(zheng)供電(dian)(dian)。而發(fa)動機(ji)的(de)工(gong)作狀(zhuang)態(tai)有：怠速(su)(su)、變(bian)檔、加速(su)(su)、減速(su)(su)和巡航，還(huan)有不(bu)定時的(de)汽車(che)空調短時負荷，這(zhe)些都會影(ying)響發(fa)動機(ji)，導致(zhi)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)發(fa)生變(bian)化，相(xiang)應的(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)轉(zhuan)速(su)(su)也隨之波(bo)動。

發電機與蓄電池不同，沒有電量儲備，其電量都是由發動機的動能瞬時轉化過來；因此，電路中的任何負荷變化，不論變化大小、時間長短，都要發電機來響應和承擔。發電機的供電響應滯后就會導致電壓波動，使汽車動力及操控性能變差。

汽車穩壓器有用嗎

發(fa)電(dian)機供電(dian)時(shi)因為(wei)沒有電(dian)量(liang)儲備(bei)，電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)始(shi)終在(zai)波動中，在(zai)發(fa)動機工(gong)作狀態變(bian)化(hua)范圍越(yue)大時(shi)，電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)波動也會(hui)(hui)(hui)越(yue)劇烈。這(zhe)會(hui)(hui)(hui)對汽(qi)車工(gong)作穩(wen)定(ding)性(xing)(xing)、可靠性(xing)(xing)造(zao)成影(ying)響，也會(hui)(hui)(hui)降低(di)發(fa)動機的(de)點火(huo)可靠性(xing)(xing)、噴油量(liang)的(de)準確性(xing)(xing)，從而影(ying)響汽(qi)車駕駛性(xing)(xing)能和(he)綜合性(xing)(xing)能。尤其是一(yi)些小(xiao)排量(liang)大車身的(de)款式會(hui)(hui)(hui)更為(wei)明顯，通常表(biao)現為(wei)起步緩慢、加(jia)速(su)滯(zhi)后，油門踩到底車速(su)上不去。

汽車(che)原廠(chang)是由(you)多家配套(tao)廠(chang)提供(gong)部件裝配，因此，各電路系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，如：點火系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、ECU系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、儀表系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、ABS系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)等，都(dou)是在本系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)上加寬適應電壓范圍，沒有總(zong)體的(de)(de)穩壓考慮(lv)。汽車(che)由(you)發電機供(gong)電后，各系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)只管自(zi)己系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)以(yi)適應，不管別的(de)(de)電子控制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)；故(gu)此，由(you)于發動機轉(zhuan)速變化造(zao)成了電源電壓穩定性(xing)不良，有必要裝備一定儲電能力的(de)(de)總(zong)回路的(de)(de)穩壓器，才能保(bao)證(zheng)整(zheng)車(che)穩定供(gong)電，提高整(zheng)車(che)各個電子系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)全面穩定性(xing)和可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)。