【汽車(che)穩壓器(qi)】汽車(che)穩壓器(qi)的作(zuo)用?汽車穩壓器有用嗎
汽車穩壓器的作用?
汽車電源穩壓器,也(ye)稱電(dian)子(zi)(zi)整流器、電(dian)子(zi)(zi)穩壓器。多數產品表述成可以穩定汽車(che)12V主供電(dian)回路的電(dian)壓,提升汽車(che)動力性能、節省燃油,甚至有(you)些產品就直接命名(ming)為(wei)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)節油器。
汽車(che)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源有蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機。汽車(che)發(fa)動前,由(you)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在12.0~12.6V之間(jian);汽車(che)發(fa)動后(hou),由(you)發(fa)動機帶動發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian),供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓在13.3~14.8V之間(jian)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓依車(che)型、車(che)輛所處(chu)工(gong)作狀態不同(tong)而(er)有所差別。
蓄電池供電主要保證汽車沒發(fa)動(dong)時的基本電路供電功能,如:ECU和(he)儀(yi)表盤供電、燈光照明等,還要為(wei)起動(dong)發(fa)動(dong)機提供保障。
發動機(ji)起動后,發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)投(tou)入工(gong)作,因其(qi)輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓高于(yu)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的最高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓,因此(ci),原本處于(yu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態的蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)轉為被充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態,汽(qi)車(che)(che)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)回(hui)路由發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)保證供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。而(er)發動機(ji)的工(gong)作狀態有(you):怠速、變(bian)檔、加速、減速和(he)巡(xun)航,還有(you)不定時(shi)的汽(qi)車(che)(che)空調短時(shi)負荷(he),這些都(dou)會影響發動機(ji),導致轉速發生(sheng)變(bian)化,相應的發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)轉速也隨之(zhi)波動。
發電機與蓄電池不同,沒有電量儲備,其電量都是由發動機的動能瞬時轉化過來;因此,電路中的任何負荷變化,不論變化大小、時間長短,都要發電機來響應和承擔。發電機的供電響應滯后就會導致電壓波動,使汽車動力及操控性能變差。
汽車穩壓器有用嗎
發(fa)(fa)電機(ji)供電時(shi)因為(wei)沒有(you)電量儲備,電壓始終(zhong)在(zai)波動中,在(zai)發(fa)(fa)動機(ji)工作(zuo)狀(zhuang)態變化范圍越大(da)(da)時(shi),電壓波動也(ye)會越劇烈。這會對汽(qi)車工作(zuo)穩定性、可靠性造成影(ying)響,也(ye)會降低發(fa)(fa)動機(ji)的(de)點火可靠性、噴(pen)油量的(de)準確(que)性,從(cong)而(er)影(ying)響汽(qi)車駕(jia)駛性能(neng)和綜合性能(neng)。尤其是一(yi)些(xie)小排量大(da)(da)車身(shen)的(de)款式會更為(wei)明顯,通常(chang)表現為(wei)起步緩慢、加速(su)滯后(hou),油門踩到底車速(su)上不去。
汽(qi)車原廠(chang)是由多家配(pei)(pei)套(tao)廠(chang)提供(gong)部件裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei),因此(ci)(ci),各電(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong),如:點火(huo)系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、ECU系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、儀表系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)、ABS系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)等,都是在本系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)上加寬適(shi)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)范圍,沒有(you)總(zong)體的(de)(de)穩壓(ya)考(kao)慮。汽(qi)車由發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)機供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)后,各系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)只管自(zi)己系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)可(ke)以(yi)適(shi)應(ying),不(bu)管別(bie)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)子控制系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong);故此(ci)(ci),由于發(fa)動機轉速(su)變(bian)化造成(cheng)了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)穩定性(xing)不(bu)良,有(you)必要裝(zhuang)備一定儲(chu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能力的(de)(de)總(zong)回路(lu)的(de)(de)穩壓(ya)器,才(cai)能保(bao)證整(zheng)車穩定供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian),提高整(zheng)車各個電(dian)(dian)(dian)子系(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)全面(mian)穩定性(xing)和(he)可(ke)靠性(xing)。