一、棒球帽的起源

棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)是(shi)隨(sui)著棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)一起(qi)發展起(qi)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)是(shi)一種以棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)打球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)主要特點，集體(ti)性(xing)、對抗性(xing)很強的(de)(de)(de)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)類運動(dong)(dong)項目(mu)。它在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)際上開展較為(wei)(wei)(wei)廣泛，影響較大(da)，被(bei)譽為(wei)(wei)(wei)“競技與智慧的(de)(de)(de)結合”。在(zai)(zai)美國(guo)(guo)、日本(ben)尤為(wei)(wei)(wei)盛行，被(bei)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)“國(guo)(guo)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)”。正由于棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)影響性(xing)之大(da)，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)也隨(sui)著棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)發展興旺起(qi)來(lai)根據(ju)美國(guo)(guo)有關專家多(duo)年來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)考據(ju)認(ren)為(wei)(wei)(wei)：棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)源于英國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)板球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)（Cricket也稱圓場球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)Rounder）。1839年，美國(guo)(guo)人竇布戴伊（Doubleday）組織了第(di)一場與現代(dai)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)十分相仿的(de)(de)(de)比(bi)(bi)賽。而在(zai)(zai)比(bi)(bi)賽中選手們(men)剛開始是(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)了遮(zhe)住(zhu)陽(yang)光帶上帽(mao)子的(de)(de)(de)，由于其(qi)特殊性(xing)所(suo)以帽(mao)檐比(bi)(bi)較長來(lai)遮(zhe)擋太(tai)陽(yang)光對眼睛的(de)(de)(de)照射從而獲(huo)得(de)更好的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)績，這就是(shi)最早的(de)(de)(de)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)。

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二、棒球帽的歷史

棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)剛開始(shi)(shi)并不被(bei)人(ren)們(men)(men)生活中所接受，被(bei)認(ren)為只是(shi)運動(dong)(dong)員(yuan)們(men)(men)的(de)專(zhuan)用物品，1839年(nian)，美(mei)國紐(niu)約州古帕斯鎮(zhen)舉行了有(you)史(shi)以來(lai)(lai)的(de)首次棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)賽。1860年(nian)，美(mei)國開始(shi)(shi)出現職業(ye)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)員(yuan)。1871年(nian)美(mei)國成(cheng)立了“全國職業(ye)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)員(yuan)組織”；1876年(nian)該組織改名為“美(mei)國棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)聯(lian)合(he)會”。1881年(nian)成(cheng)立另一個全國性的(de)職業(ye)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)組織，即(ji)后來(lai)(lai)的(de)“全美(mei)職業(ye)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)聯(lian)合(he)會”。1884年(nian)首次舉行這兩個組織間的(de)冠(guan)軍賽，即(ji)“世(shi)界棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)冠(guan)軍賽”。此后，1910年(nian)時(shi)任(ren)美(mei)國總統威廉姆·霍華(hua)德·塔(ta)夫脫(tuo)（William Howard Taft）正(zheng)式批準棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)為美(mei)國的(de)“國球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)”。而由(you)此棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)也在各個棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)中普及起來(lai)(lai)，剛開始(shi)(shi)隊(dui)員(yuan)們(men)(men)只是(shi)為了遮擋陽(yang)光，到(dao)后來(lai)(lai)無(wu)論晴雨天(tian)氣，只要(yao)比(bi)賽人(ren)們(men)(men)就(jiu)會帶上棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)，1873年(nian)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)由(you)美(mei)國傳入日本。日本職業(ye)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)創始(shi)(shi)于1934年(nian)。棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)由(you)此也傳入了日本的(de)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)中，第二次世(shi)界大戰后，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)迅速在歐洲各國開展(zhan)起來(lai)(lai)。棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)已(yi)在世(shi)界五大洲的(de)100多個國家和地區中開展(zhan)。棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)則在世(shi)界普及起來(lai)(lai)，但(dan)是(shi)也只限于棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)員(yuan)，人(ren)們(men)(men)也并沒有(you)把(ba)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)當成(cheng)生活中的(de)用品，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)(mao)(mao)在那時(shi)也成(cheng)為了棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)員(yuan)的(de)標志性裝飾。

三、進入中國

棒球帽是(shi)隨著棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)一起走入(ru)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)大(da)(da)(da)地(di)的(de)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)打棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)最(zui)早記載，為(wei)(wei)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)程(cheng)師(shi)詹天佑在美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)耶魯大(da)(da)(da)學留學時(1877-1881)組(zu)織中(zhong)華(hua)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)，以后(hou)從美國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、日(ri)(ri)本(ben)歸國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)華(hua)僑及留學生(sheng)把(ba)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帶回祖國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。1895年(nian)(nian)在北(bei)(bei)(bei)京匯文(wen)書院(yuan)成(cheng)立棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)。1907年(nian)(nian)，北(bei)(bei)(bei)京匯文(wen)書院(yuan)對通州協(xie)和書院(yuan)進行比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)。這(zhe)是(shi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)最(zui)早的(de)一次棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)。1913年(nian)(nian)開(kai)始由中(zhong)、日(ri)(ri)、菲3國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)發起的(de)遠東運(yun)動(dong)會(hui)(hui)，歷(li)屆都(dou)有(you)(you)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)曾多(duo)次派代表隊(dui)參加(jia)(jia)。中(zhong)華(hua)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民共和國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)成(cheng)立前的(de)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)運(yun)動(dong)會(hui)(hui)也有(you)(you)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，參加(jia)(jia)者多(duo)為(wei)(wei)學生(sheng)。抗(kang)日(ri)(ri)戰爭期間，八(ba)路軍(jun)(jun)在陜北(bei)(bei)(bei)、晉察冀等(deng)抗(kang)日(ri)(ri)根據地(di)曾開(kai)展棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)。但(dan)在當(dang)時棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)只是(shi)一個稀有(you)(you)的(de)運(yun)動(dong)，運(yun)動(dong)員(yuan)也并不(bu)是(shi)都(dou)帶棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)的(de)，因為(wei)(wei)條件有(you)(you)限，所以在群眾普及就(jiu)是(shi)更不(bu)可能(neng)的(de)事情了。1952年(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)(ren)(ren)民解放軍(jun)(jun)第(di)(di)一屆全軍(jun)(jun)運(yun)動(dong)會(hui)(hui)中(zhong)有(you)(you)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)的(de)項目。1959年(nian)(nian)，第(di)(di)一屆全運(yun)會(hui)(hui)上(shang)，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)被列(lie)為(wei)(wei)正(zheng)式比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)項目,有(you)(you)23個省,市隊(dui)參加(jia)(jia)，北(bei)(bei)(bei)京隊(dui)獲得冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)。1975年(nian)(nian)，第(di)(di)三屆全運(yun)會(hui)(hui)上(shang),棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)分(fen)別在旅大(da)(da)(da)和北(bei)(bei)(bei)京舉行預(yu)賽(sai)(sai)和決賽(sai)(sai),第(di)(di)一名(ming)為(wei)(wei)天津隊(dui)。1979年(nian)(nian)第(di)(di)四屆全運(yun)會(hui)(hui)上(shang),有(you)(you)14個省,市隊(dui)參加(jia)(jia)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，冠(guan)軍(jun)(jun)為(wei)(wei)北(bei)(bei)(bei)京隊(dui)。1975年(nian)(nian)9月日(ri)(ri)本(ben)愛(ai)知大(da)(da)(da)學棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)來(lai)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)訪(fang)問比(bi)(bi)(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)開(kai)始了棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際交往。1976年(nian)(nian)8月，日(ri)(ri)本(ben)法政大(da)(da)(da)學棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)來(lai)訪(fang)。1979年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)壘球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)協(xie)會(hui)(hui)成(cheng)立,各省,市也陸(lu)續(xu)成(cheng)立分(fen)會(hui)(hui)。這(zhe)時的(de)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)員(yuan)才真正(zheng)的(de)都(dou)帶上(shang)了象征(zheng)著棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)的(de)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)，而從此棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)也深入(ru)到中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)百姓(xing)的(de)生(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)，每個人(ren)(ren)(ren)都(dou)有(you)(you)帶棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)的(de)權(quan)利(li)，普通百姓(xing)也帶上(shang)了棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)也被做成(cheng)了不(bu)同(tong)的(de)樣式。

四、選擇方法

棒球帽有(you)遮陽(yang)、裝飾(shi)、增溫和防護(hu)等不同(tong)的(de)作(zuo)用作(zuo)用。因此種類很多，選擇亦有(you)講究。

1、臉型

人(ren)的(de)臉型(xing)(xing)主要有(you)方型(xing)(xing)（國字臉）、圓型(xing)(xing)（圓臉）和尖(jian)(jian)型(xing)(xing)（尖(jian)(jian)臉）三種(zhong)。圓臉戴圓頂(ding)帽(mao)，就(jiu)顯得臉大(da)(da)、帽(mao)子小(xiao)。如(ru)戴寬大(da)(da)的(de)鴨舌帽(mao)就(jiu)比(bi)較合(he)適。尖(jian)(jian)臉的(de)人(ren)戴了(le)鴨舌帽(mao)就(jiu)顯得臉部上大(da)(da)下小(xiao)，更顯瘦削。因此戴圓頂(ding)帽(mao)比(bi)較合(he)適。國字臉的(de)人(ren)戴所有(you)的(de)帽(mao)子都比(bi)較合(he)適。

2、身材

身(shen)高的(de)(de)人(ren)棒(bang)球帽宜大不宜小(xiao)，否則給人(ren)頭輕(qing)腳重的(de)(de)感覺。身(shen)矮(ai)的(de)(de)人(ren)則相(xiang)反。個子(zi)高的(de)(de)婦女(nv)不宜戴高棒(bang)球帽，否則給人(ren)的(de)(de)感覺是“又”長高了。個子(zi)矮(ai)的(de)(de)小(xiao)姐不宜戴平頂(ding)寬檐(yan)棒(bang)球帽，會(hui)顯得個子(zi)更矮(ai)。

五、作用用途

1、遮陽

棒球(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)員在比賽時(shi)由(you)于場地(di)和時(shi)間(jian)的問題會正對(dui)陽(yang)光影響視線(xian)，所(suo)以(yi)棒球(qiu)(qiu)帽就起(qi)到(dao)了遮陽(yang)的作用。

2、束發

棒球帽可以將運(yun)動(dong)員的(de)頭發約束避免在比賽(sai)時由(you)于頭發過長遮(zhe)掩而導致失誤。

3、保暖

棒(bang)球運(yun)動員在(zai)冬季(ji)(ji)或較冷季(ji)(ji)節比賽，棒(bang)球帽(mao)可(ke)以起(qi)到(dao)保證頭部溫暖的(de)作用

4、防護

棒球(qiu)帽可以作(zuo)為防止細小物(wu)品掉落(luo)進頭(tou)發的(de)作(zuo)用，比(bi)如棒球(qiu)比(bi)賽時防止沙土(tu)。

5、裝飾

隨著棒球(qiu)帽的(de)發展，上面4項作為(wei)棒球(qiu)帽最(zui)基本的(de)功能特(te)點已經(jing)滿足不了現代人的(de)需要(yao)，棒球(qiu)帽越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)時尚，可以(yi)做為(wei)一種(zhong)裝飾用品。