一、棒球帽的起源

棒(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)是隨著(zhu)棒(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動一(yi)起(qi)發(fa)展(zhan)起(qi)來(lai)的(de)，棒(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動是一(yi)種(zhong)以(yi)棒(bang)(bang)打球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)為主要(yao)特點(dian)，集體性(xing)、對(dui)抗(kang)性(xing)很強的(de)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)類(lei)運(yun)(yun)動項目。它在(zai)國(guo)(guo)際上開展(zhan)較(jiao)為廣泛(fan)，影響較(jiao)大(da)，被譽(yu)為“競技與智慧(hui)的(de)結合”。在(zai)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)、日本尤為盛行，被稱為“國(guo)(guo)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)”。正由于(yu)棒(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)影響性(xing)之大(da)，棒(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)也隨著(zhu)棒(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)興旺起(qi)來(lai)根據(ju)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)有關(guan)專家多(duo)年(nian)(nian)來(lai)的(de)考(kao)據(ju)認為：棒(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動源于(yu)英國(guo)(guo)的(de)板球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)（Cricket也稱圓場(chang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)Rounder）。1839年(nian)(nian)，美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)人竇布戴伊（Doubleday）組織(zhi)了(le)第一(yi)場(chang)與現(xian)代(dai)棒(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動十分相仿的(de)比(bi)賽。而在(zai)比(bi)賽中選(xuan)手們剛(gang)開始是為了(le)遮住陽光帶上帽(mao)子的(de)，由于(yu)其(qi)特殊(shu)性(xing)所以(yi)帽(mao)檐比(bi)較(jiao)長來(lai)遮擋太陽光對(dui)眼睛(jing)的(de)照(zhao)射從而獲得更好的(de)成績(ji)，這就是最早的(de)棒(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)。

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二、棒球帽的歷史

棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)剛開(kai)(kai)始(shi)并不(bu)被人(ren)們(men)(men)生活中(zhong)所接受，被認為(wei)(wei)只(zhi)是運動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)專(zhuan)用(yong)物(wu)品(pin)(pin)，1839年(nian)(nian)，美(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)紐約州古(gu)帕斯鎮舉行了(le)有史以(yi)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)首次(ci)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)。1860年(nian)(nian)，美(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)出現職(zhi)業棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)。1871年(nian)(nian)美(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)了(le)“全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)職(zhi)業棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)組(zu)織”；1876年(nian)(nian)該組(zu)織改(gai)名為(wei)(wei)“美(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)聯合(he)會(hui)”。1881年(nian)(nian)成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)另一個(ge)(ge)全(quan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)職(zhi)業棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)組(zu)織，即后(hou)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)“全(quan)美(mei)(mei)(mei)職(zhi)業棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)聯合(he)會(hui)”。1884年(nian)(nian)首次(ci)舉行這兩個(ge)(ge)組(zu)織間的(de)(de)(de)冠軍賽(sai)，即“世(shi)界(jie)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)冠軍賽(sai)”。此后(hou)，1910年(nian)(nian)時任美(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)總統威(wei)廉姆·霍華德·塔夫脫（William Howard Taft）正式批準棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)為(wei)(wei)美(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)“國(guo)(guo)(guo)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)”。而由此棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)也(ye)在各個(ge)(ge)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊中(zhong)普及起(qi)來(lai)，剛開(kai)(kai)始(shi)隊員(yuan)們(men)(men)只(zhi)是為(wei)(wei)了(le)遮擋陽光，到后(hou)來(lai)無論晴雨天氣，只(zhi)要比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)人(ren)們(men)(men)就會(hui)帶上棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)，1873年(nian)(nian)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)由美(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)傳入日本(ben)。日本(ben)職(zhi)業棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊創始(shi)于1934年(nian)(nian)。棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)由此也(ye)傳入了(le)日本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊中(zhong)，第二次(ci)世(shi)界(jie)大(da)戰后(hou)，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)迅速(su)在歐洲(zhou)各國(guo)(guo)(guo)開(kai)(kai)展起(qi)來(lai)。棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)已在世(shi)界(jie)五大(da)洲(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)100多個(ge)(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家(jia)和地區中(zhong)開(kai)(kai)展。棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)則在世(shi)界(jie)普及起(qi)來(lai)，但是也(ye)只(zhi)限于棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)，人(ren)們(men)(men)也(ye)并沒有把棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)當(dang)成(cheng)(cheng)生活中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)品(pin)(pin)，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)在那(nei)時也(ye)成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)了(le)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)標志性(xing)裝(zhuang)飾。

三、進入中國

棒球帽是(shi)隨(sui)著棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)一起走入(ru)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)大(da)地的(de)(de)(de)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)打棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)最(zui)(zui)早記載，為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)工程(cheng)師詹(zhan)天佑在(zai)美國(guo)(guo)耶魯(lu)大(da)學(xue)留學(xue)時(shi)(1877-1881)組織中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)，以后從(cong)美國(guo)(guo)、日(ri)本(ben)歸國(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)華僑及留學(xue)生把棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帶(dai)回(hui)祖國(guo)(guo)。1895年(nian)(nian)在(zai)北京匯(hui)文書院成(cheng)立(li)(li)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)。1907年(nian)(nian)，北京匯(hui)文書院對(dui)通州協(xie)和(he)書院進行(xing)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)。這(zhe)是(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)最(zui)(zui)早的(de)(de)(de)一次(ci)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)。1913年(nian)(nian)開(kai)始(shi)由中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、日(ri)、菲3國(guo)(guo)發(fa)起的(de)(de)(de)遠東運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)會(hui)，歷(li)屆都(dou)有(you)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)曾多次(ci)派(pai)代表隊(dui)參(can)(can)加(jia)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華人(ren)民共和(he)國(guo)(guo)成(cheng)立(li)(li)前的(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)會(hui)也(ye)(ye)有(you)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，參(can)(can)加(jia)者多為(wei)學(xue)生。抗(kang)日(ri)戰爭期間，八路軍在(zai)陜北、晉察冀(ji)等抗(kang)日(ri)根據(ju)地曾開(kai)展棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)。但在(zai)當(dang)時(shi)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)只是(shi)一個(ge)稀有(you)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)，運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)員也(ye)(ye)并不(bu)(bu)是(shi)都(dou)帶(dai)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)的(de)(de)(de)，因為(wei)條件有(you)限，所以在(zai)群眾普及就是(shi)更不(bu)(bu)可(ke)能的(de)(de)(de)事情了。1952年(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)人(ren)民解放軍第(di)一屆全(quan)軍運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)會(hui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)項目。1959年(nian)(nian)，第(di)一屆全(quan)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)上，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)被列為(wei)正(zheng)式(shi)(shi)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)項目,有(you)23個(ge)省,市隊(dui)參(can)(can)加(jia)，北京隊(dui)獲得冠(guan)軍。1975年(nian)(nian)，第(di)三屆全(quan)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)上,棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)分(fen)別(bie)在(zai)旅大(da)和(he)北京舉行(xing)預賽(sai)(sai)和(he)決賽(sai)(sai),第(di)一名為(wei)天津隊(dui)。1979年(nian)(nian)第(di)四(si)屆全(quan)運(yun)(yun)會(hui)上,有(you)14個(ge)省,市隊(dui)參(can)(can)加(jia)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，冠(guan)軍為(wei)北京隊(dui)。1975年(nian)(nian)9月日(ri)本(ben)愛知大(da)學(xue)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)來中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)訪(fang)(fang)問比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)開(kai)始(shi)了棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)際交往。1976年(nian)(nian)8月，日(ri)本(ben)法政大(da)學(xue)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)來訪(fang)(fang)。1979年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)壘球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)協(xie)會(hui)成(cheng)立(li)(li),各省,市也(ye)(ye)陸續(xu)成(cheng)立(li)(li)分(fen)會(hui)。這(zhe)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)員才真(zhen)正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)都(dou)帶(dai)上了象(xiang)征(zheng)著棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)(de)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)，而從(cong)此棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)也(ye)(ye)深(shen)入(ru)到中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)百姓的(de)(de)(de)生活中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，每個(ge)人(ren)都(dou)有(you)帶(dai)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)的(de)(de)(de)權利，普通百姓也(ye)(ye)帶(dai)上了棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)(mao)也(ye)(ye)被做成(cheng)了不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)樣式(shi)(shi)。

四、選擇方法

棒球帽(mao)有遮陽、裝飾、增溫(wen)和(he)防護等(deng)不同的作用(yong)(yong)作用(yong)(yong)。因此種類很多，選擇亦有講(jiang)究。

1、臉型

人的臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)型(xing)主(zhu)要有(you)方型(xing)（國字(zi)(zi)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)）、圓(yuan)型(xing)（圓(yuan)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)）和(he)尖(jian)型(xing)（尖(jian)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)）三種。圓(yuan)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)戴(dai)圓(yuan)頂帽(mao)，就顯得臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)大、帽(mao)子(zi)小(xiao)。如(ru)戴(dai)寬大的鴨舌帽(mao)就比較(jiao)(jiao)合適(shi)。尖(jian)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的人戴(dai)了鴨舌帽(mao)就顯得臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)部上大下小(xiao)，更顯瘦削(xue)。因此戴(dai)圓(yuan)頂帽(mao)比較(jiao)(jiao)合適(shi)。國字(zi)(zi)臉(lian)(lian)(lian)(lian)的人戴(dai)所有(you)的帽(mao)子(zi)都(dou)比較(jiao)(jiao)合適(shi)。

2、身材

身高的(de)人(ren)棒(bang)球(qiu)帽宜大不(bu)(bu)宜小，否則給(gei)人(ren)頭(tou)輕腳重的(de)感覺(jue)(jue)。身矮的(de)人(ren)則相反。個(ge)子(zi)(zi)高的(de)婦女不(bu)(bu)宜戴(dai)高棒(bang)球(qiu)帽，否則給(gei)人(ren)的(de)感覺(jue)(jue)是“又”長高了。個(ge)子(zi)(zi)矮的(de)小姐不(bu)(bu)宜戴(dai)平頂寬檐(yan)棒(bang)球(qiu)帽，會顯得個(ge)子(zi)(zi)更矮。

五、作用用途

1、遮陽

棒球運動員在比賽時由于場地和時間的(de)問題會正對陽(yang)光(guang)影響視線，所以(yi)棒球帽就(jiu)起到了(le)遮陽(yang)的(de)作(zuo)用。

2、束發

棒(bang)球帽可以將運動員的(de)頭發約束避免在比賽時由(you)于(yu)頭發過長遮掩而(er)導致失(shi)誤。

3、保暖

棒球運動員在(zai)冬季(ji)或較冷季(ji)節比賽，棒球帽可以起到保證(zheng)頭(tou)部(bu)溫暖的作(zuo)用

4、防護

棒(bang)球帽可以作為防止細小物(wu)品掉落進頭(tou)發的作用(yong)，比如棒(bang)球比賽時防止沙土。

5、裝飾

隨著(zhu)棒(bang)球帽(mao)的(de)發展，上面4項作為棒(bang)球帽(mao)最基本的(de)功能(neng)特點已(yi)經滿足不了(le)現代(dai)人的(de)需(xu)要，棒(bang)球帽(mao)越來越時(shi)尚，可以做為一(yi)種裝飾(shi)用品。