一、棒球帽的起源

棒(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)是隨著(zhu)棒(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)一起發(fa)展(zhan)起來(lai)(lai)的，棒(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)是一種(zhong)以(yi)棒(bang)打球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)要特點，集體性(xing)、對抗性(xing)很強(qiang)的球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)類運(yun)(yun)動(dong)項目。它在(zai)國際上(shang)開(kai)展(zhan)較為(wei)(wei)廣泛，影響較大，被譽為(wei)(wei)“競技與智(zhi)慧的結合”。在(zai)美國、日(ri)本尤為(wei)(wei)盛行，被稱為(wei)(wei)“國球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)”。正由于棒(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的影響性(xing)之大，棒(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)也(ye)隨著(zhu)棒(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)的發(fa)展(zhan)興旺起來(lai)(lai)根據美國有(you)關(guan)專家多年來(lai)(lai)的考據認為(wei)(wei)：棒(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)源(yuan)于英國的板球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)（Cricket也(ye)稱圓場(chang)(chang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)Rounder）。1839年，美國人竇布戴(dai)伊（Doubleday）組織了第(di)一場(chang)(chang)與現代棒(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)(yun)動(dong)十(shi)分相仿(fang)的比賽。而在(zai)比賽中選(xuan)手們剛(gang)開(kai)始是為(wei)(wei)了遮住(zhu)陽光帶上(shang)帽(mao)子的，由于其特殊性(xing)所(suo)以(yi)帽(mao)檐比較長來(lai)(lai)遮擋太陽光對眼睛的照射(she)從而獲得更好(hao)的成績，這就是最早的棒(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽(mao)。

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二、棒球帽的歷史

棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽剛(gang)開始并(bing)不(bu)被(bei)人們(men)生(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)所接受(shou)，被(bei)認為(wei)只是(shi)運(yun)動(dong)員們(men)的(de)(de)專(zhuan)用物(wu)品，1839年(nian)，美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)紐(niu)約州古帕斯(si)鎮舉行(xing)了(le)有史以來的(de)(de)首次棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)賽。1860年(nian)，美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)開始出現(xian)職業棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)員。1871年(nian)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)成立了(le)“全國(guo)(guo)(guo)職業棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)員組(zu)織”；1876年(nian)該組(zu)織改(gai)名為(wei)“美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)聯合(he)會(hui)”。1881年(nian)成立另(ling)一個(ge)全國(guo)(guo)(guo)性的(de)(de)職業棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)組(zu)織，即后(hou)來的(de)(de)“全美(mei)(mei)職業棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)聯合(he)會(hui)”。1884年(nian)首次舉行(xing)這兩個(ge)組(zu)織間(jian)的(de)(de)冠軍賽，即“世(shi)界(jie)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)冠軍賽”。此(ci)后(hou)，1910年(nian)時任美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)總統威廉姆·霍華德·塔(ta)夫脫（William Howard Taft）正式批(pi)準棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)為(wei)美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)“國(guo)(guo)(guo)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)”。而由此(ci)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽也(ye)(ye)在(zai)各個(ge)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)普及起(qi)(qi)來，剛(gang)開始隊(dui)員們(men)只是(shi)為(wei)了(le)遮(zhe)擋陽(yang)光，到后(hou)來無論晴雨天氣，只要(yao)比(bi)賽人們(men)就會(hui)帶上棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽，1873年(nian)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)由美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)傳(chuan)入日(ri)本。日(ri)本職業棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)創始于(yu)1934年(nian)。棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽由此(ci)也(ye)(ye)傳(chuan)入了(le)日(ri)本的(de)(de)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)中(zhong)(zhong)，第(di)二次世(shi)界(jie)大(da)戰后(hou)，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)迅速在(zai)歐洲(zhou)各國(guo)(guo)(guo)開展(zhan)起(qi)(qi)來。棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)已在(zai)世(shi)界(jie)五大(da)洲(zhou)的(de)(de)100多個(ge)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家和地區中(zhong)(zhong)開展(zhan)。棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽則在(zai)世(shi)界(jie)普及起(qi)(qi)來，但是(shi)也(ye)(ye)只限(xian)于(yu)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)員，人們(men)也(ye)(ye)并(bing)沒有把棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽當成生(sheng)活(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)用品，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽在(zai)那時也(ye)(ye)成為(wei)了(le)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)員的(de)(de)標志性裝飾。

三、進入中國

棒球帽是隨著棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)一(yi)起(qi)走入中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)大(da)(da)地的(de)(de)(de)(de)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)打棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最早(zao)記載，為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)工(gong)程師詹天佑在美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)耶(ye)魯大(da)(da)學(xue)留學(xue)時(1877-1881)組織(zhi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)，以后從美(mei)(mei)國(guo)(guo)(guo)、日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)歸國(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)華僑及留學(xue)生把棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帶回祖國(guo)(guo)(guo)。1895年(nian)(nian)在北京(jing)匯文(wen)書院(yuan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)。1907年(nian)(nian)，北京(jing)匯文(wen)書院(yuan)對(dui)通(tong)州協和(he)書院(yuan)進行(xing)(xing)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)。這是中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)最早(zao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)次棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)。1913年(nian)(nian)開(kai)始(shi)由中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、日(ri)(ri)(ri)、菲(fei)3國(guo)(guo)(guo)發起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)遠東運(yun)動(dong)會(hui)(hui)，歷屆(jie)都有(you)(you)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)曾(ceng)(ceng)多次派代(dai)表隊(dui)參(can)加(jia)(jia)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)華人(ren)民共和(he)國(guo)(guo)(guo)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立前的(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)運(yun)動(dong)會(hui)(hui)也(ye)有(you)(you)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，參(can)加(jia)(jia)者(zhe)多為(wei)學(xue)生。抗日(ri)(ri)(ri)戰爭期間，八路(lu)軍(jun)在陜北、晉察冀等(deng)抗日(ri)(ri)(ri)根據地曾(ceng)(ceng)開(kai)展(zhan)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)。但在當(dang)時棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)只是一(yi)個(ge)稀有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)，運(yun)動(dong)員也(ye)并不(bu)(bu)是都帶棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽的(de)(de)(de)(de)，因為(wei)條件有(you)(you)限，所以在群眾普及就(jiu)是更不(bu)(bu)可(ke)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)事情了(le)。1952年(nian)(nian)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人(ren)民解放軍(jun)第(di)一(yi)屆(jie)全(quan)軍(jun)運(yun)動(dong)會(hui)(hui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)有(you)(you)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)項目。1959年(nian)(nian)，第(di)一(yi)屆(jie)全(quan)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)上(shang)(shang)，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)被(bei)列為(wei)正式比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)項目,有(you)(you)23個(ge)省(sheng),市(shi)隊(dui)參(can)加(jia)(jia)，北京(jing)隊(dui)獲(huo)得(de)冠軍(jun)。1975年(nian)(nian)，第(di)三屆(jie)全(quan)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)上(shang)(shang),棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)分別(bie)在旅(lv)大(da)(da)和(he)北京(jing)舉行(xing)(xing)預(yu)賽(sai)(sai)和(he)決賽(sai)(sai),第(di)一(yi)名為(wei)天津隊(dui)。1979年(nian)(nian)第(di)四屆(jie)全(quan)運(yun)會(hui)(hui)上(shang)(shang),有(you)(you)14個(ge)省(sheng),市(shi)隊(dui)參(can)加(jia)(jia)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，冠軍(jun)為(wei)北京(jing)隊(dui)。1975年(nian)(nian)9月日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)愛知大(da)(da)學(xue)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)來中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)訪問比(bi)(bi)賽(sai)(sai)，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)開(kai)始(shi)了(le)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際(ji)交往。1976年(nian)(nian)8月，日(ri)(ri)(ri)本(ben)(ben)法政大(da)(da)學(xue)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)隊(dui)來訪。1979年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)壘球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)協會(hui)(hui)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立,各省(sheng),市(shi)也(ye)陸續成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)立分會(hui)(hui)。這時的(de)(de)(de)(de)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)員才真(zhen)正的(de)(de)(de)(de)都帶上(shang)(shang)了(le)象(xiang)征著棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)運(yun)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽，而從此棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽也(ye)深入到中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)百姓的(de)(de)(de)(de)生活中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，每個(ge)人(ren)都有(you)(you)帶棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽的(de)(de)(de)(de)權利，普通(tong)百姓也(ye)帶上(shang)(shang)了(le)棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽，棒(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)(bang)球(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)(qiu)帽也(ye)被(bei)做成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)了(le)不(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)樣式。

四、選擇方法

棒球帽(mao)有(you)遮陽(yang)、裝飾、增(zeng)溫和防(fang)護等不同的作(zuo)用作(zuo)用。因(yin)此種類很多，選擇亦有(you)講究。

1、臉型

人的臉(lian)(lian)型(xing)主(zhu)要有方型(xing)（國字(zi)臉(lian)(lian)）、圓型(xing)（圓臉(lian)(lian)）和尖(jian)型(xing)（尖(jian)臉(lian)(lian)）三(san)種。圓臉(lian)(lian)戴(dai)(dai)(dai)圓頂帽(mao)(mao)(mao)，就顯(xian)得(de)臉(lian)(lian)大(da)、帽(mao)(mao)(mao)子小。如戴(dai)(dai)(dai)寬大(da)的鴨(ya)舌帽(mao)(mao)(mao)就比(bi)較合(he)適。尖(jian)臉(lian)(lian)的人戴(dai)(dai)(dai)了鴨(ya)舌帽(mao)(mao)(mao)就顯(xian)得(de)臉(lian)(lian)部上大(da)下小，更顯(xian)瘦(shou)削。因(yin)此(ci)戴(dai)(dai)(dai)圓頂帽(mao)(mao)(mao)比(bi)較合(he)適。國字(zi)臉(lian)(lian)的人戴(dai)(dai)(dai)所有的帽(mao)(mao)(mao)子都(dou)比(bi)較合(he)適。

2、身材

身(shen)高(gao)的(de)人(ren)棒球帽(mao)宜大不(bu)宜小，否則(ze)給人(ren)頭輕腳重的(de)感覺(jue)。身(shen)矮(ai)的(de)人(ren)則(ze)相反(fan)。個子(zi)高(gao)的(de)婦女不(bu)宜戴(dai)高(gao)棒球帽(mao)，否則(ze)給人(ren)的(de)感覺(jue)是“又”長高(gao)了。個子(zi)矮(ai)的(de)小姐(jie)不(bu)宜戴(dai)平頂寬檐棒球帽(mao)，會顯得(de)個子(zi)更矮(ai)。

五、作用用途

1、遮陽

棒(bang)球運動員在比賽(sai)時由(you)于場地和(he)時間的(de)(de)問題會正對陽光影響視線，所以(yi)棒(bang)球帽就起到了遮陽的(de)(de)作用。

2、束發

棒球帽可以將運動員的(de)頭發(fa)約束避(bi)免在比(bi)賽(sai)時由于頭發(fa)過長遮掩而導致失誤。

3、保暖

棒球運動員在冬季或較冷季節比賽，棒球帽可(ke)以起到保證(zheng)頭(tou)部(bu)溫暖的作用

4、防護

棒球帽可以作(zuo)為防止細小物(wu)品掉落進頭發的作(zuo)用，比(bi)如棒球比(bi)賽時防止沙土(tu)。

5、裝飾

隨著棒球(qiu)帽的(de)發展，上(shang)面4項作為棒球(qiu)帽最基本(ben)的(de)功能特(te)點已經滿足不了(le)現代人(ren)的(de)需要(yao)，棒球(qiu)帽越(yue)來越(yue)時尚，可以做為一種裝飾用品(pin)。