1、單向閥

單向閥是一個常用的工業機械設備，可(ke)分(fen)為(wei)普通(tong)(tong)單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)閥和液控(kong)單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)閥，普通(tong)(tong)單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)閥只允許液流單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)通(tong)(tong)過，液控(kong)單(dan)向(xiang)(xiang)閥在先(xian)導壓力的作用也可(ke)反向(xiang)(xiang)流動。

2、梭閥

梭(suo)閥可(ke)從兩個不(bu)同的源接受液(ye)流，并(bing)將最高的壓力(li)傳遞(di)到一(yi)個單(dan)獨的出口。梭(suo)閥常用于(yu)負載感應回路(lu)和(he)制(zhi)動油路(lu)。包括球型(xing)、座閥型(xing)和(he)滑(hua)閥型(xing)。

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3、溢流閥

溢(yi)流閥(fa)(fa)(fa)在(zai)不同的(de)場合有不同的(de)用(yong)途。如在(zai)定(ding)量(liang)泵(beng)(beng)節流調速系(xi)統(tong)中，溢(yi)流閥(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)來保持(chi)液壓(ya)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)壓(ya)力(li)(li)(即液壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)出口壓(ya)力(li)(li))恒定(ding)，并將(jiang)液壓(ya)泵(beng)(beng)多余的(de)流量(liang)溢(yi)流回油(you)箱，這時(shi)(shi)溢(yi)流閥(fa)(fa)(fa)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)定(ding)壓(ya)閥(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)。在(zai)容積節流調速系(xi)統(tong)中，溢(yi)流閥(fa)(fa)(fa)在(zai)液壓(ya)系(xi)統(tong)正常工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)(shi)處于關閉(bi)狀態，只是系(xi)統(tong)壓(ya)力(li)(li)大于或等于溢(yi)流閥(fa)(fa)(fa)調定(ding)壓(ya)力(li)(li)時(shi)(shi)才(cai)開啟溢(yi)流，對系(xi)統(tong)起(qi)過載保護(hu)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，這時(shi)(shi)溢(yi)流閥(fa)(fa)(fa)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)安全閥(fa)(fa)(fa)用(yong)。

4、減壓閥

減(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)是(shi)一種利用(yong)液(ye)流流過縫隙產(chan)生壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)損(sun)失(shi)，使(shi)其出口(kou)(kou)(kou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)低(di)于(yu)進(jin)口(kou)(kou)(kou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)的壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)控制閥(fa)。按調(diao)節要求(qiu)(qiu)不同，減(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)可分(fen)為定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)減(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)、定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)比(bi)(bi)減(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)和(he)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)差(cha)(cha)減(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)減(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)用(yong)于(yu)控制出口(kou)(kou)(kou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)為定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)值(zhi)，使(shi)液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統中某一部分(fen)得(de)到(dao)較供油(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)低(di)的穩定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)，如機床液(ye)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)系統的夾緊或定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位裝置中要求(qiu)(qiu)得(de)到(dao)比(bi)(bi)主油(you)路低(di)的恒定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)時，可采用(yong)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)減(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)實現。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)比(bi)(bi)減(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)用(yong)來控制它的進(jin)、出口(kou)(kou)(kou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)保持調(diao)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)不變(bian)的比(bi)(bi)例(li)。定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)差(cha)(cha)減(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)閥(fa)則用(yong)來控制進(jin)、出口(kou)(kou)(kou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)差(cha)(cha)為定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)值(zhi)，可與其他閥(fa)組成調(diao)速閥(fa)、定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)差(cha)(cha)減(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)型(xing)電液(ye)比(bi)(bi)例(li)方向流量閥(fa)等復(fu)合(he)閥(fa)，實現節流閥(fa)口(kou)(kou)(kou)兩端壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)差(cha)(cha)補償以輸(shu)出恒定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的流量。

5、順序閥

順(shun)(shun)序(xu)(xu)閥的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)是利用(yong)油(you)液(ye)壓(ya)力作(zuo)為控(kong)(kong)制信號來(lai)控(kong)(kong)制油(you)路(lu)(lu)的(de)通(tong)斷，因用(yong)于(yu)控(kong)(kong)制多(duo)個執(zhi)行元件(jian)的(de)動作(zuo)順(shun)(shun)序(xu)(xu)而得名。順(shun)(shun)序(xu)(xu)閥有直動式(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)先導式(shi)(shi)(shi)之分。根(gen)據(ju)控(kong)(kong)制壓(ya)力來(lai)源的(de)不(bu)同，有內控(kong)(kong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)外控(kong)(kong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)之分；根(gen)據(ju)泄(xie)油(you)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)不(bu)同，有內泄(xie)式(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)外泄(xie)式(shi)(shi)(shi)兩種。通(tong)過改(gai)變控(kong)(kong)制壓(ya)力的(de)來(lai)源、泄(xie)油(you)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)以及二次油(you)路(lu)(lu)的(de)連接(jie)形式(shi)(shi)(shi)順(shun)(shun)序(xu)(xu)閥可作(zuo)多(duo)種用(yong)途，如內控(kong)(kong)內泄(xie)式(shi)(shi)(shi)順(shun)(shun)序(xu)(xu)閥在(zai)系統(tong)中可用(yong)作(zuo)背壓(ya)閥，外控(kong)(kong)內泄(xie)式(shi)(shi)(shi)順(shun)(shun)序(xu)(xu)閥可用(yong)作(zuo)卸荷閥等。

6、平衡閥

平衡(heng)閥是液壓行(xing)業最不(bu)被(bei)看好的產品之(zhi)一。很多(duo)人喜(xi)歡(huan)把(ba)平衡(heng)閥的選(xuan)擇復雜化，因而拒絕進行(xing)選(xuan)擇。

7、換向閥

換向閥是利用閥芯和閥體間相對位置的不同，來變換閥體上各主油口的通斷關系，實現各油路連通切斷或改變液流方向的閥類。換向閥是液壓系統中用量最大、品種和名稱最復雜的一類閥。根據換向閥的作用，對換向閥性能的基本要求有:液流通過換向閥時壓力損失要小；液流在各關閉油口之間的縫隙泄漏量小；換向可靠，動作靈敏；換向平穩無沖擊，常用作各個工業機械設備的元件之一。