一、變聲器是什么
變聲器是(shi)通過(guo)改變(bian)輸入音(yin)頻(pin)的(de)(de)(de)音(yin)色、音(yin)調,并將變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)后的(de)(de)(de)音(yin)頻(pin)輸出的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)。根據變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)材質不(bu)同,變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)分為(wei)(wei)(wei)變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)硬件(jian)(jian)和變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)。變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)硬件(jian)(jian),即(ji)通過(guo)硬件(jian)(jian)實現變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)具(ju),譬如,知名(ming)動(dong)畫名(ming)偵探柯南(nan)(nan)中,柯南(nan)(nan)偵破案(an)件(jian)(jian)時(shi)扮演毛利(li)小(xiao)五(wu)郎(lang)時(shi),使用的(de)(de)(de)蝴(hu)蝶(die)結,就是(shi)一(yi)種變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi),柯南(nan)(nan)正是(shi)通過(guo)這一(yi)蝴(hu)蝶(die)結,模擬成毛利(li)小(xiao)五(wu)郎(lang)的(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)音(yin),進行案(an)件(jian)(jian)偵破的(de)(de)(de),這一(yi)變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)可稱之為(wei)(wei)(wei)蝴(hu)蝶(die)結變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)。變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi)軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian),即(ji)通過(guo)軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)實現變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)具(ju),軟(ruan)件(jian)(jian)類變(bian)聲(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)器(qi),運行平(ping)臺皆為(wei)(wei)(wei)電腦系統。
二、變聲器變聲的原理
通(tong)過自己發(fa)音,共振(zhen)峰頻率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)是基本重(zhong)采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)實(shi)現的(de)(de)(de),從重(zhong)采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)原理知道(dao),這也同時引(yin)發(fa)了基頻的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)化,為(wei)保(bao)(bao)證基頻變(bian)(bian)化和(he)共振(zhen)頻率(lv)變(bian)(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)獨立、互不相關,在(zai)基頻移(yi)動是必須考(kao)慮抵消重(zhong)采(cai)(cai)樣(yang)(yang)帶(dai)來的(de)(de)(de)偏移(yi),理論上只(zhi)要基頻檢測(ce)足(zu)夠精(jing)確,確保(bao)(bao)可以(yi)保(bao)(bao)證基頻改(gai)變(bian)(bian)和(he)共振(zhen)峰頻率(lv)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)間的(de)(de)(de)互不相關,通(tong)過搬移(yi)和(he)改(gai)變(bian)(bian)基頻,實(shi)現變(bian)(bian)聲。
無論是硬件變聲器,還是軟件變聲器,其原理都是,通過改變輸入聲音頻率,進而改變聲音的音色、音調,使輸出聲音在感官上與原聲音不同。我們每個人的聲音不同,源于我們的每個人的音色和音調不同,我們所說的男中音、男高音,就是音調的不同,而即便音調一致,我們依然能區分出兩個不同人的聲音,或不同樂器的聲音,這就是音色的不同。變聲器,正(zheng)是(shi)借助對聲音音色和音調的雙重復合改(gai)變,實(shi)現(xian)輸出聲音的改(gai)變。