股份有限公司籌集資金的方式
股份有限公司(si)的籌集資金的方式主要(yao)有:
1、發行股票
股票是公司發給股東的入股憑證,是股東擁有公司財產(chan)所有(you)權的法(fa)律證(zheng)書,也是股(gu)(gu)東據以(yi)取(qu)得股(gu)(gu)息和紅(hong)利的一(yi)種有(you)價(jia)證(zheng)券。股(gu)(gu)票(piao)可以(yi)依(yi)法(fa)進(jin)行(xing)買(mai)賣,價(jia)格隨行(xing)就市。股(gu)(gu)票(piao)的種類有(you):記名股(gu)(gu)票(piao)和無記名股(gu)(gu)票(piao)、普通股(gu)(gu)票(piao)和優先股(gu)(gu)票(piao)、有(you)票(piao)面值股(gu)(gu)票(piao)和無票(piao)面值股(gu)(gu)票(piao)、單一(yi)股(gu)(gu)票(piao)和復數(shu)股(gu)(gu)票(piao)等(deng)。
2、發行公(gong)司債券
債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)是(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)為籌集資金(jin)(jin),按照法(fa)定(ding)(ding)手續發行,承擔在指定(ding)(ding)時間內支(zhi)付一定(ding)(ding)利(li)息和(he)償(chang)還本金(jin)(jin)義(yi)(yi)務(wu)的有(you)(you)價證券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)。債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)可分為記(ji)名債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)和(he)無記(ji)名債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)兩種。記(ji)名債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)在轉讓時,除(chu)要交付債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)外,還要在債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)上背書;無記(ji)名債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)在轉讓時立即生效。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)持有(you)(you)者是(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)的債(zhai)(zhai)權(quan)人,無權(quan)參(can)與公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)事務(wu)和(he)業務(wu)的決策(ce),只是(shi)根據債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)金(jin)(jin)額享有(you)(you)向公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)請求支(zhi)付固定(ding)(ding)利(li)息的權(quan)利(li)。公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)清(qing)償(chang)期屆滿(man)時,公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)負有(you)(you)向債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)持有(you)(you)者清(qing)償(chang)債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)本金(jin)(jin)的義(yi)(yi)務(wu),公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)解散時,債(zhai)(zhai)券(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)持有(you)(you)者有(you)(you)權(quan)優先從(cong)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)財產中受償(chang)。
股份有限公司的股票如何發行
股(gu)(gu)份有(you)(you)限(xian)公司(si)每次發行(xing)股(gu)(gu)票都需要經過嚴格的(de)(de)(de)(de)程序(xu),與(yu)股(gu)(gu)票相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)事項由公司(si)的(de)(de)(de)(de)權力機構股(gu)(gu)東(dong)大會來決議,包括:新股(gu)(gu)種(zhong)類及數(shu)額(e)、新股(gu)(gu)發行(xing)價格、新股(gu)(gu)發行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)起止日期、還有(you)(you)向原有(you)(you)股(gu)(gu)東(dong)發行(xing)新股(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)類及數(shu)額(e)等(deng)基本(ben)事項。
同(tong)時(shi),上市公(gong)(gong)司(si)經國務(wu)院(yuan)證(zheng)(zheng)券監(jian)督管理機構核準公(gong)(gong)開(kai)發行新股時(shi),必須(xu)公(gong)(gong)告新股招股說明書和財務(wu)會(hui)計報告,并制作認股書。除此之外(wai),發起人向(xiang)社會(hui)公(gong)(gong)開(kai)募集股份時(shi),應當由依(yi)法設立(li)的證(zheng)(zheng)券公(gong)(gong)司(si)承銷(xiao),簽(qian)訂(ding)承銷(xiao)協議,還需要同(tong)銀行簽(qian)訂(ding)代收股款協議。
因此(ci),滿足以上(shang)條件之后,才可以正式發行股份。
1、新股發行(xing)決議
公司(si)發(fa)行(xing)新股,這是屬(shu)于增加公司(si)資本的(de)重要(yao)事項,應當由股東(dong)大(da)會作出決(jue)議(yi)。決(jue)議(yi)中包括:新股種類(lei)及數額(e)、新股發(fa)行(xing)價格、新股發(fa)行(xing)的(de)起(qi)止日(ri)期(qi)、向原有股東(dong)發(fa)行(xing)新股的(de)種類(lei)及數額(e)等(deng)項。
2、發行新(xin)股的核準
公(gong)司發行(xing)新(xin)股,經股東大(da)會(hui)作出決議后,由(you)董事會(hui)向(xiang)國務院授權的(de)部(bu)門或者省級人民政(zheng)府申請批準。屬于向(xiang)社會(hui)公(gong)開(kai)募集的(de),須經國務院證(zheng)券(quan)監(jian)督管(guan)理機構核準。
3、公告(gao)招股文件
公(gong)司經(jing)核(he)準(zhun)向(xiang)社會(hui)公(gong)開發行新股(gu)時,必須公(gong)告(gao)新股(gu)說(shuo)明書(shu)和(he)財務(wu)會(hui)計報告(gao)及附屬明細表,并制作(zuo)認股(gu)書(shu)。
4、新股承銷
公司向社會公開發行新股,應當由依法設立的證券公司承(cheng)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),簽訂承(cheng)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)協(xie)議;發行的新股票面(mian)總值超過人民幣五千萬(wan)元(yuan)的,應當由承(cheng)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)團承(cheng)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao),承(cheng)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)團由主(zhu)承(cheng)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)和參與承(cheng)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)的證券公司(si)組成。
5、募集后的登記(ji)公告
公(gong)司發(fa)行新股募足股款后(hou),必須由公(gong)司登記機關辦(ban)理變(bian)更(geng)登記,并公(gong)告。因(yin)為募集(ji)新股后(hou),公(gong)司資(zi)本增加(jia),應當依(yi)法辦(ban)理變(bian)更(geng)手(shou)續。
股份有限公司債券發行條件
1、發行資格
在(zai)我國,根據《公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)法》的(de)(de)規(gui)定,股份有(you)(you)(you)限公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)、國有(you)(you)(you)獨資(zi)(zi)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)和(he)兩(liang)個(ge)以(yi)上的(de)(de)國有(you)(you)(you)公(gong)司(si)(si)(si)或者兩(liang)個(ge)以(yi)上的(de)(de)國有(you)(you)(you)投(tou)資(zi)(zi)主體投(tou)資(zi)(zi)設(she)立的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)限責任公(gong)司(si)(si)(si),具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)發行債券的(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)格。
2、發行條件
根據《證券(quan)法》規(gui)定,公(gong)開發行公(gong)司債券(quan),應當符合(he)下(xia)列條件:
(1)股份有限公司的凈資(zi)產(chan)不低(di)于(yu)人民幣(bi)3000萬元,有限責任公司的凈資(zi)產(chan)不低(di)于(yu)人民幣(bi)6000萬元。
(2)累計債(zhai)券余額不超過(guo)公司凈資產的40%。
(3)最近(jin)三年(nian)平均可分配(pei)利潤足以支(zhi)付公司債券(quan)一年(nian)的利息。
(4)籌集(ji)的資金(jin)投向符合國家產業(ye)政策(ce)。
(5)債(zhai)券的利(li)率不超過國務院(yuan)限定的利(li)率水平。
(6)國務院(yuan)規定的其他條件。
3、資金用途:
公開發行公司債(zhai)券籌集的(de)資金(jin),必須(xu)用(yong)(yong)于核準的(de)用(yong)(yong)途,不(bu)得(de)用(yong)(yong)于彌補虧損和(he)非生產(chan)性支(zhi)出(chu)。