一、電源避雷器的工作原理是什么

1、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)其它強(qiang)干擾對通信(xin)系統的(de)(de)致損(sun)(sun)(sun)及(ji)由此引(yin)起的(de)(de)后(hou)果(guo)是(shi)嚴重(zhong)的(de)(de)，雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)防護將成為必需(xu)。雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)由高能的(de)(de)低(di)頻(pin)成分(fen)(fen)與極具滲(shen)透(tou)性的(de)(de)高頻(pin)成分(fen)(fen)組成。其主要通過兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)形式，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)防雷(lei)器一種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)通過金(jin)(jin)屬管線(xian)(xian)或地(di)線(xian)(xian)直接傳導雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)致損(sun)(sun)(sun)設備；一種(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)閃電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)通道及(ji)泄流通道的(de)(de)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁脈(mo)沖以各種(zhong)(zhong)耦合方(fang)式感應(ying)到金(jin)(jin)屬管線(xian)(xian)或地(di)線(xian)(xian)產生浪涌致損(sun)(sun)(sun)設備。絕大部分(fen)(fen)雷(lei)損(sun)(sun)(sun)由這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)感應(ying)而引(yin)起。對于電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子信(xin)息設備而言，危害主要來自于由雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)引(yin)起的(de)(de)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁脈(mo)沖的(de)(de)耦合能量，通過以下三(san)個通道所產生的(de)(de)瞬態浪涌。金(jin)(jin)屬管線(xian)(xian)通道，如自來水管、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)線(xian)(xian)、天饋(kui)線(xian)(xian)、信(xin)號線(xian)(xian)、航空障礙(ai)燈引(yin)線(xian)(xian)等產生的(de)(de)浪涌；地(di)線(xian)(xian)通道，地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)們反擊；空間通道，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)防雷(lei)器的(de)(de)輻(fu)射能量。

2、其中金屬管線通道的(de)(de)浪涌和地線通道的(de)(de)地電位反擊是電子信(xin)息系統(tong)致損的(de)(de)主要原因(yin)，它的(de)(de)最見的(de)(de)致損形式是在(zai)電力線上引起(qi)的(de)(de)雷(lei)(lei)損，所以需作為(wei)防(fang)擴的(de)(de)重點。由于雷(lei)(lei)電無孔不(bu)入(ru)地侵襲電子信(xin)息系統(tong)，雷(lei)(lei)電防(fang)護將是個(ge)系統(tong)工程。雷(lei)(lei)電防(fang)護的(de)(de)中心內容(rong)是泄放和均(jun)衡。

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二、電源防雷器怎么接線

電源(yuan)防雷器(qi)接(jie)入模(mo)式：

1、在TN制式(shi)中(zhong)，一般情況下電源防(fang)(fang)雷(lei)器只(zhi)需(xu)(xu)作共模接(jie)法，即接(jie)于(yu)相(xiang)(xiang)線(xian)中(zhong)性線(xian)與保護地線(xian)之間(jian)。但(dan)在TN-S制式(shi)的(de)起始位置，中(zhong)性線(xian)與保護地線(xian)之間(jian)無須接(jie)入(ru)電涌防(fang)(fang)雷(lei)器。只(zhi)有對A級防(fang)(fang)雷(lei)等級中(zhong)的(de)第(di)三、四級和B級防(fang)(fang)雷(lei)等級中(zhong)的(de)第(di)三級上的(de)特(te)別(bie)重要設備的(de)電源端口，才需(xu)(xu)做差(cha)模接(jie)入(ru)，即增加接(jie)于(yu)相(xiang)(xiang)線(xian)與中(zhong)性線(xian)之間(jian)的(de)電源防(fang)(fang)雷(lei)器。

2、在TT制式中，當第一級電源防雷器位于(yu)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)后(hou)，可作(zuo)上述共模(mo)接法(fa)。當(dang)第一級電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)防雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)位于(yu)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)之(zhi)前(qian)，且(qie)高壓系統為中心點接地系統，電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)應作(zuo)“3+1”接法(fa)，即三個(ge)相線(xian)對(dui)中性線(xian)各(ge)接一個(ge)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，中性線(xian)對(dui)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)地線(xian)再接一個(ge)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，在IT制式中，電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)防雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)只作(zuo)共模(mo)接法(fa)。