一、電源避雷器的工作原理是什么

1、雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)及(ji)(ji)其它(ta)強干擾對通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)信(xin)(xin)系統的(de)(de)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)損(sun)及(ji)(ji)由此引(yin)起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)后(hou)果是(shi)(shi)嚴重的(de)(de)，雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)防護將成(cheng)(cheng)為必需。雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)由高(gao)(gao)能(neng)的(de)(de)低頻(pin)成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)與極具滲(shen)透(tou)性的(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)組成(cheng)(cheng)。其主要(yao)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)兩(liang)種形(xing)式，電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)防雷(lei)器一種是(shi)(shi)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)金(jin)屬(shu)管線(xian)或地(di)線(xian)直(zhi)接傳導雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)損(sun)設備；一種是(shi)(shi)閃電(dian)(dian)(dian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)及(ji)(ji)泄流(liu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)的(de)(de)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁脈(mo)沖(chong)以各種耦合(he)方(fang)式感應到(dao)金(jin)屬(shu)管線(xian)或地(di)線(xian)產(chan)生浪涌(yong)致(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)損(sun)設備。絕(jue)大(da)部分(fen)雷(lei)損(sun)由這(zhe)種感應而引(yin)起(qi)(qi)。對于電(dian)(dian)(dian)子信(xin)(xin)息設備而言，危(wei)害(hai)主要(yao)來自于由雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)引(yin)起(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)雷(lei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁脈(mo)沖(chong)的(de)(de)耦合(he)能(neng)量，通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)過(guo)以下(xia)三(san)個通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)所產(chan)生的(de)(de)瞬(shun)態浪涌(yong)。金(jin)屬(shu)管線(xian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)，如自來水(shui)管、電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)線(xian)、天饋(kui)線(xian)、信(xin)(xin)號線(xian)、航(hang)空障礙燈引(yin)線(xian)等產(chan)生的(de)(de)浪涌(yong)；地(di)線(xian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)，地(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)們反擊；空間(jian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)道(dao)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)防雷(lei)器的(de)(de)輻(fu)射能(neng)量。

2、其中(zhong)(zhong)金屬管(guan)線通(tong)道(dao)的(de)浪涌和地(di)線通(tong)道(dao)的(de)地(di)電(dian)位反擊是電(dian)子(zi)信息系統(tong)致損(sun)(sun)的(de)主(zhu)要原因(yin)，它的(de)最見的(de)致損(sun)(sun)形式是在(zai)電(dian)力線上引(yin)起的(de)雷(lei)(lei)損(sun)(sun)，所以需作為防(fang)擴的(de)重(zhong)點。由(you)于(yu)雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)無(wu)孔不入地(di)侵襲電(dian)子(zi)信息系統(tong)，雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)防(fang)護將(jiang)是個系統(tong)工(gong)程(cheng)。雷(lei)(lei)電(dian)防(fang)護的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)內容是泄放和均衡。

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二、電源防雷器怎么接線

電源防(fang)雷器接入模式：

1、在(zai)TN制式中(zhong)，一般情況下電(dian)源(yuan)防(fang)雷(lei)器(qi)只(zhi)需(xu)作共模(mo)接法，即(ji)接于相線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)性線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)保護地(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之間。但在(zai)TN-S制式的(de)(de)(de)起始(shi)位(wei)置，中(zhong)性線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)保護地(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之間無須接入電(dian)涌防(fang)雷(lei)器(qi)。只(zhi)有(you)對(dui)A級防(fang)雷(lei)等(deng)級中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)第三(san)、四級和B級防(fang)雷(lei)等(deng)級中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)第三(san)級上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)特別重要設備的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)源(yuan)端口，才需(xu)做(zuo)差(cha)模(mo)接入，即(ji)增加接于相線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)中(zhong)性線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)之間的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)源(yuan)防(fang)雷(lei)器(qi)。

2、在TT制式中，當第一級電源防雷器位(wei)于(yu)(yu)漏電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)之(zhi)后，可作上述共模接(jie)(jie)(jie)法(fa)。當(dang)第一(yi)(yi)(yi)級電(dian)源防雷器(qi)位(wei)于(yu)(yu)漏電(dian)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)之(zhi)前，且高壓系(xi)統為(wei)中心(xin)點接(jie)(jie)(jie)地系(xi)統，電(dian)源保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)應(ying)作“3+1”接(jie)(jie)(jie)法(fa)，即三個(ge)(ge)相(xiang)線對中性(xing)線各接(jie)(jie)(jie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)源保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)，中性(xing)線對保(bao)護(hu)地線再接(jie)(jie)(jie)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)電(dian)源保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)，在IT制式中，電(dian)源防雷器(qi)只作共模接(jie)(jie)(jie)法(fa)。