一、串聯電抗器和并聯電抗器的區別在哪里

串聯電抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)與并聯電抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)有明(ming)顯區別，體現在作用和(he)(he)適用范圍(wei)上，串聯電抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)主要起限流(liu)和(he)(he)濾波作用，并聯電抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)主要起無(wu)功補償作用，下面做詳細介紹：

1、串(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器是電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)(tong)無功(gong)補(bu)償裝置的(de)(de)重要配套設(she)備。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器與串(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器串(chuan)聯(lian)后，能有效地抑制電(dian)(dian)(dian)網中(zhong)的(de)(de)高次諧波，限制合閘涌流及操作(zuo)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，改善(shan)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓波形(xing)，提高電(dian)(dian)(dian)網功(gong)率因數，對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器及其(qi)它(ta)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力設(she)備的(de)(de)安全運行起到了較(jiao)大(da)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用。

串聯電抗器主要(yao)用于限(xian)制短路電(dian)流，而電(dian)容器組串聯電(dian)抗器可以限(xian)制高次諧(xie)波，降低(di)電(dian)抗。

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2、并聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)抗器可以(yi)用(yong)于補(bu)償長(chang)距離(li)輸電(dian)(dian)線路的分布電(dian)(dian)容(rong)補(bu)償，防止空載長(chang)線路末(mo)端電(dian)(dian)壓升高（通常用(yong)于500KV系統），還可以(yi)有利(li)于單相重合閘和降(jiang)低操作過電(dian)(dian)壓。

為了提(ti)高遠距離輸電(dian)線(xian)(xian)路的(de)傳(chuan)輸能力和改善線(xian)(xian)路的(de)運行情況，削(xue)弱空載(zai)或輕(qing)載(zai)時(shi)長線(xian)(xian)路的(de)電(dian)容效應所引(yin)起(qi)的(de)工頻電(dian)壓(ya)升高，改善沿線(xian)(xian)電(dian)壓(ya)分(fen)布(bu)和輕(qing)載(zai)線(xian)(xian)路中的(de)無(wu)功(gong)分(fen)布(bu)并降低線(xian)(xian)損，減少潛供電(dian)流，加速(su)潛供電(dian)弧(hu)的(de)熄滅，提(ti)高線(xian)(xian)路自動重合(he)閘的(de)成功(gong)率，并聯電(dian)抗器被廣泛應用于電(dian)網的(de)遠距離輸配電(dian)項目。

二、串聯電抗器的電流大嗎

確定電(dian)容器(qi)串(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)回路(lu)的電(dian)流，應(ying)該把電(dian)容器(qi)和串(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)作為一(yi)個回路(lu)整體(ti)來(lai)分析，因為補償(chang)回路(lu)中除了(le)要承載正常(chang)的基波無(wu)功電(dian)流外，還應(ying)該允許它(ta)能夠承載一(yi)定量的某次諧波電(dian)流。

串聯電抗器的(de)電(dian)容器補(bu)償回路(lu)，常情況下補(bu)償容量及通過的(de)電(dian)流如何計算呢，現舉例如下：如果回路(lu)電(dian)抗器的(de)電(dian)抗率為14%，系(xi)統電(dian)壓為400V。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器承受的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)：400(1-14%)=465.1V，如果(guo)選擇所配套(tao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)525V（也可以為(wei)480V），額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)525V，容量為(wei)30Kvar的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流為(wei)33A，串聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗率14%的(de)(de)后實際發(fa)出30x（465.1/525）2-23.5Kvar，向電(dian)(dian)(dian)網只能(neng)補償23.5x（1-14%）=20.1Kvar的(de)(de)無功功率，此時通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)容器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流23.5/（V3x0.4651）=29.2（A）。此時通(tong)過的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流遠小于額定(ding)(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流33A了。

所(suo)以串聯電(dian)抗(kang)器的(de)電(dian)流是(shi)不大的(de)。