一、串聯電抗器和并聯電抗器的區別在哪里

串聯(lian)電抗(kang)器(qi)與并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)電抗(kang)器(qi)有明顯區別，體現在作(zuo)用和適用范圍上(shang)，串聯(lian)電抗(kang)器(qi)主(zhu)要起限(xian)流和濾(lv)波作(zuo)用，并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)電抗(kang)器(qi)主(zhu)要起無功補償作(zuo)用，下面做詳細介紹：

1、串(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)抗器是電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系(xi)統無功補(bu)償(chang)裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)重要配套(tao)設(she)備。電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容器與串(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)抗器串(chuan)聯(lian)后，能有效地(di)抑制電(dian)(dian)網中的(de)(de)高(gao)次諧波，限制合閘涌流及操作過電(dian)(dian)壓，改善系(xi)統的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓波形，提高(gao)電(dian)(dian)網功率因(yin)數(shu)，對電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)容器及其它電(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)設(she)備的(de)(de)安全(quan)運行起到了較大的(de)(de)作用。

串聯電抗器主(zhu)要(yao)用于限制(zhi)短路電(dian)流(liu)，而電(dian)容器(qi)組串聯電(dian)抗器(qi)可以限制(zhi)高次(ci)諧(xie)波，降低(di)電(dian)抗。

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2、并聯電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器可以用(yong)于(yu)補償長距離輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)線路的分布電(dian)(dian)(dian)容補償，防止空載長線路末端電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)升高（通常用(yong)于(yu)500KV系統），還(huan)可以有利于(yu)單相重合(he)閘(zha)和降低(di)操作(zuo)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。

為了提高遠(yuan)距離(li)輸(shu)電(dian)線(xian)路(lu)的傳輸(shu)能力和改善線(xian)路(lu)的運行情況，削弱空載或輕載時長線(xian)路(lu)的電(dian)容(rong)效應所引起的工頻(pin)電(dian)壓(ya)升高，改善沿(yan)線(xian)電(dian)壓(ya)分(fen)布(bu)和輕載線(xian)路(lu)中的無功分(fen)布(bu)并(bing)降(jiang)低線(xian)損，減(jian)少潛供(gong)電(dian)流，加(jia)速(su)潛供(gong)電(dian)弧的熄滅，提高線(xian)路(lu)自動重合閘的成(cheng)功率(lv)，并(bing)聯電(dian)抗(kang)器被廣泛應用(yong)于電(dian)網(wang)的遠(yuan)距離(li)輸(shu)配電(dian)項目。

二、串聯電抗器的電流大嗎

確定電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)抗器(qi)(qi)(qi)回路(lu)的(de)電(dian)流(liu)，應(ying)該(gai)把電(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)電(dian)抗器(qi)(qi)(qi)作為一個回路(lu)整體來分析，因為補償回路(lu)中除(chu)了要(yao)承載(zai)正常的(de)基波無功電(dian)流(liu)外，還(huan)應(ying)該(gai)允許它能(neng)夠承載(zai)一定量的(de)某次(ci)諧(xie)波電(dian)流(liu)。

串聯電抗器的電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)補償(chang)回路，常情況下(xia)補償(chang)容(rong)量及通(tong)過的電(dian)(dian)流如何計算呢，現舉例如下(xia)：如果回路電(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)的電(dian)(dian)抗(kang)率為(wei)14%，系(xi)統電(dian)(dian)壓為(wei)400V。

電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器承(cheng)受的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為：400(1-14%)=465.1V，如果選擇所配(pei)套的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)為525V（也可以為480V），額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)525V，容(rong)量為30Kvar的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)流為33A，串聯電(dian)(dian)抗(kang)率(lv)14%的(de)(de)(de)后實際發出30x（465.1/525）2-23.5Kvar，向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)只能(neng)補償23.5x（1-14%）=20.1Kvar的(de)(de)(de)無功(gong)功(gong)率(lv)，此(ci)時通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)容(rong)器的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流23.5/（V3x0.4651）=29.2（A）。此(ci)時通過(guo)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流遠(yuan)小于(yu)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)流33A了。

所(suo)以(yi)串聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)抗器的(de)電(dian)(dian)流是不大的(de)。