一、揚琴有多少根弦
揚琴是(shi)通過(guo)敲打琴弦發音(yin)的,過(guo)去(qu)使用的是(shi)銅(tong)絲(si)弦,因此也(ye)稱銅(tong)絲(si)琴,現在一般(ban)使用鋼(gang)絲(si)弦,那(nei)么揚琴有幾根弦呢?
隨(sui)著(zhu)揚(yang)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)藝術的發展,揚(yang)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)也有許多不(bu)同的型(xing)(xing)號(hao)(hao),不(bu)同型(xing)(xing)號(hao)(hao)的揚(yang)琴(qin)(qin)(qin),琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)數量(liang)也有所不(bu)同,常(chang)見(jian)的一般是402型(xing)(xing)揚(yang)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)和501型(xing)(xing)揚(yang)琴(qin)(qin)(qin),402型(xing)(xing)揚(yang)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)總共(gong)有144根(gen)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian),其中裸弦(xian)(俗稱(cheng)鋼線)63根(gen),纏(chan)弦(xian)81根(gen);501型(xing)(xing)揚(yang)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)總共(gong)有124根(gen)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)。
二、揚琴怎么換琴弦
揚琴(qin)(qin)的琴(qin)(qin)弦損壞時,需要(yao)及(ji)時更(geng)換琴(qin)(qin)弦,以免影響(xiang)練習和(he)演(yan)奏,揚琴(qin)(qin)琴(qin)(qin)弦的更(geng)換要(yao)注(zhu)意正確的方法:
揚琴(qin)(qin)(qin)更換琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)首(shou)先要清除原(yuan)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian),如換鋼(gang)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)先纏繞(rao)(rao)掛(gua)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)所用(yong)的(de)扣(kou)(kou),并(bing)將琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)扣(kou)(kou)置(zhi)于(yu)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)板(ban)上防(fang)止回(hui)折,并(bing)利用(yong)鉗(qian)子(zi),按掛(gua)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)與調(diao)(diao)音(yin)(yin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之間(jian)距離的(de)長(chang)(chang)度,留出(chu)三四公(gong)(gong)分左(zuo)右切斷琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)。琴(qin)(qin)(qin)體左(zuo)側掛(gua)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)扣(kou)(kou)盡量(liang)要使琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)貼(tie)在掛(gua)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)板(ban)上,不能(neng)(neng)(neng)掛(gua)在中間(jian)或(huo)頂(ding)部。右側調(diao)(diao)音(yin)(yin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)的(de)孔穿過(guo)之后一般要使琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)頭有一公(gong)(gong)分左(zuo)右垂(chui)直平行于(yu)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou),使琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)繞(rao)(rao)在調(diao)(diao)音(yin)(yin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)時能(neng)(neng)(neng)壓住(zhu)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)頭防(fang)止琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)回(hui)滑。以(yi)琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)越調(diao)(diao)越能(neng)(neng)(neng)往下繞(rao)(rao),不能(neng)(neng)(neng)繞(rao)(rao)在調(diao)(diao)音(yin)(yin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)的(de)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)孔之上,確保琴(qin)(qin)(qin)弦(xian)(xian)(xian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)壓實在山口鋼(gang)條之上,避免出(chu)現雜音(yin)(yin),也可以(yi)延長(chang)(chang)調(diao)(diao)音(yin)(yin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)的(de)使用(yong)壽命。
如(ru)果(guo)自己不會更換(huan)或(huo)怕換(huan)不好的話,可以到樂器店去找專(zhuan)人(ren)更換(huan)。
三、揚琴更換琴弦注意事項
1、在更換揚琴的琴(qin)弦時,做到琴(qin)弦線路正確、外形美觀不扎手(shou)、不會回(hui)繞跑弦,并使琴(qin)搬手(shou)能順利調音為(wei)宜。
2、更(geng)換纏弦(xian)時(shi),無需系(xi)掛弦(xian)的扣,其它(ta)部(bu)分與鋼弦(xian)換弦(xian)方法與要求相同。
3、要(yao)注意測量琴(qin)弦與調音軸(zhou)的留弦長(chang)度(du),要(yao)求長(chang)度(du)適當。