一、天平秤的原理是什么
天(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)來(lai)稱量(liang)物(wu)體(ti)重(zhong)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)衡(heng)器,它(ta)有兩種(zhong)原理:1、機(ji)械(xie)式(shi)天(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)(cheng)原理:機(ji)械(xie)式(shi)天(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)(cheng)就是(shi)(shi)常(chang)說的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)托(tuo)盤(pan)天(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping),它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作原理主要利(li)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan)原理,確切(qie)來(lai)說,托(tuo)盤(pan)天(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)利(li)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)等臂杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)原理,天(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)梁就是(shi)(shi)一(yi)個(ge)杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan),在(zai)杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩端各有一(yi)小盤(pan),左(zuo)端放物(wu)體(ti)、右端放砝(fa)碼,杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan)中央(yang)裝有指(zhi)針,兩端平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)時,兩端的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(重(zhong)量(liang))相等,根據砝(fa)碼的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)量(liang)即(ji)可得知物(wu)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)量(liang)。2、電(dian)(dian)子天(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)(cheng)原理:電(dian)(dian)子天(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原理和(he)托(tuo)盤(pan)天(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)不同,它(ta)利(li)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)磁力補(bu)償平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)原理,實質(zhi)(zhi)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng),只是(shi)(shi)在(zai)杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)端采用(yong)了電(dian)(dian)磁力,當(dang)稱盤(pan)上加載稱物(wu)m2時,杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan)偏(pian)(pian)離(li)零位(wei),此時零位(wei)指(zhi)示器有偏(pian)(pian)差(cha)信號(hao)產生,經過放大(da)器和(he)調(diao)節器等一(yi)系(xi)列(lie)轉換后,使線(xian)圈(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流I增(zeng)(zeng)大(da),電(dian)(dian)磁力矩右也(ye)將一(yi)起增(zeng)(zeng)大(da),杠(gang)(gang)桿(gan)回到(dao)原來(lai)平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡(heng)位(wei)置,即(ji)天(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零位(wei),最后把電(dian)(dian)信號(hao)處理成(cheng)為數(shu)字信號(hao),數(shu)顯在(zai)顯示屏上。
二、天平秤的作用
天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)是用來(lai)測量(liang)物(wu)體重量(liang)的(de)衡器,它的(de)主要作用就(jiu)是稱一些小計(ji)量(liang)物(wu)品,一般用于科(ke)研機構、學校實驗室、藥店等(deng)場所,根據(ju)不同的(de)精度可(ke)分為(wei)普通天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)、精密天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)和分析天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping);除此之外,一些計(ji)量(liang)部(bu)門(men)、商檢(jian)(jian)部(bu)門(men)也(ye)會用天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)秤(cheng)來(lai)檢(jian)(jian)查或(huo)校準砝碼,這種(zhong)稱為(wei)檢(jian)(jian)定天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)。
三、天平秤怎么使用
1、機械天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)秤的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)方法(fa):(1)將托(tuo)盤天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)放(fang)置(zhi)在水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)地方,游(you)(you)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)指向紅色0刻(ke)度(du)線(xian)。(2)調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡螺母(mu)(mu)(天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)兩(liang)端的(de)(de)螺母(mu)(mu))調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie)零(ling)點直至(zhi)(zhi)指針(zhen)(zhen)對(dui)準(zhun)中央刻(ke)度(du)線(xian)直至(zhi)(zhi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)橫梁(liang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)位置(zhi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡。(小(xiao)(xiao)口(kou)訣:放(fang)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)移(yi)零(ling)調(diao)(diao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)衡,螺母(mu)(mu)調(diao)(diao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)反指針(zhen)(zhen)/走高端。)(3)左(zuo)(zuo)托(tuo)盤放(fang)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)物(wu),右(you)托(tuo)盤放(fang)砝(fa)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)。根(gen)據稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)物(wu)的(de)(de)性狀,放(fang)在玻璃器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)皿(min)或潔凈的(de)(de)紙上(shang),事(shi)先應(ying)在同一天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)上(shang)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)得玻璃器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)皿(min)或紙片的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang),然(ran)后(hou)(hou)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)待稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)物(wu)質。(4)砝(fa)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)用(yong)(yong)鑷(nie)子(zi)(zi)(zi)夾取,千萬不能把砝(fa)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)弄(nong)濕、弄(nong)臟(這樣會讓砝(fa)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)生(sheng)銹,砝(fa)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)質量(liang)(liang)變大(da),測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)結果不準(zhun)確),游(you)(you)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)也(ye)要用(yong)(yong)鑷(nie)子(zi)(zi)(zi)撥(bo)動(dong)。(5)添加(jia)砝(fa)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)從估計稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)物(wu)的(de)(de)最大(da)值(zhi)加(jia)起,逐步減小(xiao)(xiao)。托(tuo)盤天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)只能稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)準(zhun)到0.1克(ke)。加(jia)減砝(fa)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)并移(yi)動(dong)標尺上(shang)的(de)(de)游(you)(you)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma),直至(zhi)(zhi)指針(zhen)(zhen)再次對(dui)準(zhun)中央刻(ke)度(du)線(xian)。(小(xiao)(xiao)口(kou)訣:先估后(hou)(hou)測(ce)(ce),左(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)右(you)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma),由大(da)到小(xiao)(xiao),后(hou)(hou)移(yi)游(you)(you)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma))(6)過冷過熱的(de)(de)物(wu)體不可(ke)放(fang)在天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)上(shang)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang),應(ying)先在干燥器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內(nei)(nei)放(fang)置(zhi)至(zhi)(zhi)室(shi)溫后(hou)(hou)再稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。(7)物(wu)體的(de)(de)質量(liang)(liang)=砝(fa)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)的(de)(de)總(zong)質量(liang)(liang)+游(you)(you)碼(ma)(ma)(ma)(ma)在標尺上(shang)所對(dui)的(de)(de)刻(ke)度(du)值(zhi)。(M左(zuo)(zuo)=M右(you)+M游(you)(you))2、電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)秤的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)方法(fa):(1)調(diao)(diao)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping):多種天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)開(kai)機前,應(ying)觀察天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)后(hou)(hou)部水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)儀(yi)(yi)內(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)泡是否位于圓環的(de)(de)中央,否則(ze)通(tong)過天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)地腳螺栓調(diao)(diao)節(jie)(jie),左(zuo)(zuo)旋升高,右(you)旋下降(jiang)。(2)預熱:天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)在初次接通(tong)電(dian)源或長時間(jian)斷電(dian)后(hou)(hou)開(kai)機時,至(zhi)(zhi)少需要30分鐘(zhong)的(de)(de)預熱時間(jian)。因此,實驗室(shi)電(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)在通(tong)常情況下,不要經常切斷電(dian)源。(3)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang):按(an)下ON/OFF鍵,接通(tong)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),等待儀(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)自檢(jian)。當顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)零(ling)時,自檢(jian)過程結束,天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)可(ke)進行稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang);放(fang)置(zhi)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)紙,按(an)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)屏兩(liang)側的(de)(de)Tare鍵去皮,待顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)零(ling)時,在稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)紙加(jia)所要稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)試劑(ji)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)。稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)(liang)完畢,按(an)ON/OFF鍵,關斷顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。
四、電子天平多少錢一臺
電子天平是新型的天平秤,是工業制造業和化學實驗室常用稱量儀器之一,具有稱量快捷、使用方便等諸多優點,它有分析天平、精密天平、普通天平等不同精度等級的產品,價格也有所不同,一般根據不同的量程、品牌、功能等方面,價格從一兩百元一臺到兩三萬元一臺不等。購買天平秤的時候,要注意根據測量需求選擇合適精度的產品,并注意看電子天平秤的做工、配件和性能等方面,選擇優質的天平秤品牌產品。
選(xuan)購(gou)天平秤時千萬(wan)不要因(yin)為價格(ge)便(bian)宜(yi),而盲目跟從購(gou)買(mai),選(xuan)擇比較有知名度(du)的(de)品牌(pai)(pai),不僅品質有保證(zheng),售后服(fu)務也(ye)有保障。當然追求品牌(pai)(pai)的(de)東西不一定就是追求價格(ge)的(de)昂貴,不同(tong)的(de)經濟(ji)水平我們可以(yi)選(xuan)擇不同(tong)價位的(de)名牌(pai)(pai)產品。選(xuan)擇網購(gou)商(shang)品的(de)朋友要認準品牌(pai)(pai)的(de)旗艦店(dian)鋪(pu),這樣子才能做到萬(wan)無一失。