一、電源管理和電源控制的區別在哪里

電源(yuan)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)和(he)電源(yuan)管理(li)之間的(de)(de)(de)區別，是關于數字(zi)電源(yuan)討論中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)關鍵概(gai)念。使用“電源(yuan)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)”術語來強調電源(yuan)供應(ying)系(xi)統內(nei)部(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)功能(neng)，尤(you)其是個體內(nei)部(bu)(bu)能(neng)量流的(de)(de)(de)循環管理(li)。這一定(ding)義包含了反饋回路和(he)內(nei)部(bu)(bu)管理(li)維(wei)持功能(neng)。功率控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)功能(neng)在與(yu)電源(yuan)供應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)開關頻率實(shi)時監控(kong)(kong)中(zhong)起到作(zuo)用。這種(zhong)類型的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)功能(neng)可以由模(mo)擬(ni)或者(zhe)數字(zi)技(ji)術實(shi)現，電源(yuan)供應(ying)系(xi)統無論采用哪種(zhong)方式，呈現給最終用戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)表現是基本一致的(de)(de)(de)。這就是說，數字(zi)電源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)使用不要求最終用戶(hu)做任何改變和(he)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)設計。

相應的，“電源管理”是關(guan)(guan)于(yu)一(yi)個(ge)或多個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)之外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)通訊和(he)控(kong)制(zhi)。包括電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)配置，單(dan)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)監控(kong)，以及故障監測信(xin)息傳送(song)等。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管理功能(neng)不(bu)是實(shi)時的(de)(de)(de)(de)，它們在一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)時間范圍內起作用(yong)(yong)，要(yao)慢于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開關(guan)(guan)頻(pin)率。目前(qian)，這(zhe)些(xie)功能(neng)都趨于(yu)將(jiang)模擬(ni)和(he)數字技術結合。例如，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻器通常用(yong)(yong)于(yu)調整輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓，而給每(mei)(mei)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)排序則需要(yao)專線控(kong)制(zhi)。按照(zhao)愛(ai)立(li)信(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定義，數字電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管理意味著這(zhe)些(xie)功能(neng)全部使(shi)用(yong)(yong)數字技術。此外(wai)，簡化(hua)互連(lian)方式(shi)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)在某些(xie)類型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數據(ju)通信(xin)母線結構，優于(yu)在每(mei)(mei)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)之間使(shi)用(yong)(yong)多種定制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)互連(lian)手段進行(xing)排序和(he)偵錯。

二、電源管理有什么特點

電源管理的特點是高(gao)效能、低功耗、智能化。

提(ti)高效能涉及兩(liang)個不同方(fang)面(mian)的內容：一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)想(xiang)要保持能量轉(zhuan)換的綜合效率，同時還希望減小設備的尺寸；另一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)是保護尺寸不變，大(da)幅(fu)度提(ti)高效能。

在(zai)交(jiao)流/直流（AC/DC）變換中，低的通(tong)態電(dian)阻，符合計算(suan)機(ji)(ji)和電(dian)信(xin)應用中更(geng)加(jia)高(gao)效適配器和電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的需要。在(zai)電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)電(dian)路設計方面(mian)，一般(ban)待機(ji)(ji)能耗(hao)已經降到1W以(yi)下，并可(ke)將電(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)效率提高(gao)至90%以(yi)上。要進(jin)一步降低現有待機(ji)(ji)能耗(hao)，則需要有新的IC制造工藝(yi)技術及在(zai)低功耗(hao)電(dian)路設計方面(mian)的突(tu)破(po)。

越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)多的系統(tong)會需要多輸出(chu)穩壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)。例如帶多輸出(chu)和電源(yuan)通路(lu)控制的鋰(li)離子(zi)充電電池，多輸出(chu)DC/DC轉換器(qi)和具有動態(tai)可調輸出(chu)電壓(ya)(ya)的開關穩壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)等。

上世紀80年(nian)代，提出了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)制(zhi)造中電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子集(ji)成(cheng)概(gai)念(nian)，明(ming)確(que)了集(ji)成(cheng)化是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技術(shu)未來發(fa)(fa)展的(de)方向，是解決電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子技術(shu)發(fa)(fa)展面臨(lin)障(zhang)礙的(de)最(zui)有希望的(de)出路(lu)(lu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)逐步成(cheng)為功率半導體(ti)器件中的(de)主(zhu)導器件，把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)技術(shu)推(tui)向了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)管(guan)理(li)的(de)新時代。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)管(guan)理(li)集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)分成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)調整器和接口(kou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)兩方面。正是因(yin)為這么多的(de)集(ji)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)（IC）進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)領域，人們才(cai)更多地以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)管(guan)理(li)來稱呼現階段的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)技術(shu)。