一、電源管理和電源控制的區別在哪里

電(dian)源(yuan)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)和電(dian)源(yuan)管理之(zhi)間的(de)區別，是(shi)關于數(shu)字電(dian)源(yuan)討論中的(de)關鍵概(gai)念。使(shi)(shi)用“電(dian)源(yuan)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)”術語來強調電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)(ying)系統(tong)內部的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)功能(neng)(neng)，尤其是(shi)個體內部能(neng)(neng)量流的(de)循環管理。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)一(yi)定義(yi)包含了反饋回路和內部管理維(wei)持功能(neng)(neng)。功率(lv)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)功能(neng)(neng)在與電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)(ying)的(de)開關頻率(lv)實時監控(kong)中起到作用。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)類型的(de)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)功能(neng)(neng)可以由模擬或(huo)者(zhe)數(shu)字技術實現(xian)，電(dian)源(yuan)供(gong)應(ying)(ying)系統(tong)無論采用哪種(zhong)方式，呈現(xian)給最(zui)終用戶的(de)表現(xian)是(shi)基本(ben)一(yi)致(zhi)的(de)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)就是(shi)說(shuo)，數(shu)字電(dian)源(yuan)的(de)使(shi)(shi)用不要求最(zui)終用戶做(zuo)任何改變和新(xin)的(de)設計。

相應的，“電源管理”是(shi)關于(yu)一個(ge)或多個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)之(zhi)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)通訊(xun)和控制。包(bao)括電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)配置，單(dan)個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)監控，以及故障監測信(xin)息傳送等(deng)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)功能不是(shi)實(shi)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)，它們在一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間范圍內(nei)起作用(yong)，要(yao)慢于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開關頻(pin)率(lv)。目前，這(zhe)些功能都趨(qu)于(yu)將模擬和數(shu)字技(ji)術(shu)結合。例如，電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻器(qi)通常用(yong)于(yu)調整輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)，而(er)給每個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)排(pai)序(xu)則需要(yao)專線(xian)控制。按照(zhao)愛(ai)立信(xin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)定義，數(shu)字電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)意味著這(zhe)些功能全部使(shi)(shi)用(yong)數(shu)字技(ji)術(shu)。此外，簡(jian)化互連(lian)方式(shi)應(ying)用(yong)在某些類型的(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)據通信(xin)母線(xian)結構(gou)，優于(yu)在每個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)之(zhi)間使(shi)(shi)用(yong)多種定制的(de)(de)(de)(de)互連(lian)手(shou)段進行排(pai)序(xu)和偵錯。

二、電源管理有什么特點

電源管(guan)理的特點是(shi)高效能(neng)、低功耗、智能(neng)化。

提(ti)高(gao)效(xiao)能涉及兩個不同方(fang)面(mian)(mian)的(de)內容：一方(fang)面(mian)(mian)想(xiang)要保持能量(liang)轉換的(de)綜合效(xiao)率，同時還希望減小設(she)備的(de)尺(chi)寸；另一方(fang)面(mian)(mian)是保護尺(chi)寸不變，大幅度(du)提(ti)高(gao)效(xiao)能。

在交流(liu)/直流(liu)（AC/DC）變換中(zhong)，低(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)通態電阻，符合(he)計(ji)算機和電信應(ying)用中(zhong)更(geng)加高效適配器和電源的(de)(de)需要。在電源電路設計(ji)方(fang)面，一(yi)般待機能耗(hao)已經降到1W以下，并(bing)可(ke)將(jiang)電源效率提高至90%以上。要進一(yi)步(bu)降低(di)(di)(di)現有(you)待機能耗(hao)，則需要有(you)新的(de)(de)IC制造工(gong)藝(yi)技術及在低(di)(di)(di)功耗(hao)電路設計(ji)方(fang)面的(de)(de)突(tu)破(po)。

越(yue)來越(yue)多的系(xi)統會需要多輸(shu)(shu)出穩壓器(qi)。例(li)如帶(dai)多輸(shu)(shu)出和(he)電源通路(lu)控制的鋰(li)離(li)子(zi)充電電池，多輸(shu)(shu)出DC/DC轉換器(qi)和(he)具(ju)有動態可調輸(shu)(shu)出電壓的開(kai)關穩壓器(qi)等(deng)。

上世紀80年代，提出了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源制造(zao)中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)概(gai)念，明確了集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)化是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術未來(lai)(lai)發展的(de)(de)方(fang)向，是解決電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)技(ji)術發展面臨障礙的(de)(de)最有(you)希(xi)望的(de)(de)出路(lu)(lu)(lu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)逐步成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)功率半導體器(qi)件中(zhong)的(de)(de)主導器(qi)件，把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源技(ji)術推向了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源管理的(de)(de)新(xin)時代。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源管理集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)分成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓調整器(qi)和接口電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)兩(liang)方(fang)面。正是因為(wei)(wei)這么多的(de)(de)集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)（IC）進入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源領(ling)域，人(ren)們才更多地(di)以電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源管理來(lai)(lai)稱呼(hu)現(xian)階段的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源技(ji)術。