壽山石是玉石嗎
壽山石以地名命名,雕(diao)起源于南朝(chao),在唐宋時興(xing)起,元明(ming)時成熟(shu),盛(sheng)于清朝(chao),在當(dang)代又得到了復(fu)興(xing)。壽山(shan)石是玉石,因為壽山(shan)石的(de)主(zhu)要礦(kuang)物組成(cheng)為高嶺(ling)石族礦(kuang)物,屬于天然多晶質寶石。
壽山石的寓意和象征
壽(shou)山(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)寓(yu)意(yi)著長壽(shou)如(ru)山(shan),人們比德(de)于石(shi)(shi)(shi),象(xiang)征著堅貞不變的品(pin)德(de);壽(shou)山(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)寓(yu)意(yi)著愛意(yi),每(mei)種(zhong)壽(shou)山(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)都有其獨特的特征,象(xiang)征著愿意(yi)為(wei)了所愛之人付出一(yi)切;壽(shou)山(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)寓(yu)意(yi)著堅強(qiang),它(ta)用漫(man)長的時間來修行,象(xiang)征著永不言敗的精(jing)神。
壽山石的種類
壽山(shan)石(shi)(shi)在(zai)寶(bao)石(shi)(shi)和彩石(shi)(shi)學中,是屬于彩石(shi)(shi)大類的(de)巖石(shi)(shi)亞(ya)類,它(ta)的(de)種(zhong)屬,石(shi)(shi)名都(dou)很復雜,約(yue)有一(yi)百多(duo)(duo)個品(pin)種(zhong)。按傳統習慣壽山(shan)石(shi)(shi)的(de)總目一(yi)般(ban)可(ke)主要分為“田坑(keng)(keng)(keng)”、“水坑(keng)(keng)(keng)”和“山(shan)坑(keng)(keng)(keng)”三大類。因(yin)為產于田底,又多(duo)(duo)現黃(huang)色,故稱為田坑(keng)(keng)(keng)石(shi)(shi)或田黃(huang)。
壽(shou)山田黃凍石(shi)(shi)(shi):田黃凍石(shi)(shi)(shi)是壽(shou)山田黃石(shi)(shi)(shi)中的珍品,田黃凍石(shi)(shi)(shi)通體明透(tou),似凝(ning)固的蜂蜜,潤澤無比。
桃花凍石:質微透(tou)明,色多白、黃,中帶細密(mi)的紅點,深淺大小不一,疏密(mi)有致,聚散有情(qing),濃淡掩(yan)映(ying),點點分(fen)明,光彩奪目,嬌艷(yan)欲(yu)流(liu),似三(san)月桃花散落水(shui)上,凝而視之(zhi),似動(dong)非(fei)動(dong),如花飄靜水(shui)。
芙(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)凍(dong)石(shi)(shi):芙(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)凝結(jie)脂潤、細(xi)膩純凈,按照凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)質地(di)主(zhu)要有:白芙(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、黃芙(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、五(wu)彩芙(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、紅芙(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、青芙(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、綠芙(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、竹頭窩芙(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、瓷白芙(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)等,產地(di)主(zhu)要是(shi)將軍洞、上洞、天面洞、半山芙(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)等。
荔(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)凍(dong)石:荔(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)凍(dong)石的石性(xing)凝結(jie),透明度強,晶(jing)瑩透澈,紅、黃(huang)、白、黑(hei)等(deng)各色俱有(you),艷麗無比(bi),肌(ji)里有(you)粗(cu)蘿卜絲紋,有(you)些原石還有(you)黃(huang)色皮。荔(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)凍(dong)石分為老性(xing)荔(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)、新性(xing)荔(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)凍(dong)石、紅荔(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)、黃(huang)荔(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)、紅黃(huang)荔(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)、純白荔(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)。
牛(niu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)凍(dong)石:牛(niu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)凍(dong)石也是壽(shou)山石的一種(zhong),因色(se)澤似牛(niu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)而得名。牛(niu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)凍(dong)石質(zhi)地通靈,肌(ji)理隱存水流紋(wen),紋(wen)色(se)濃淡(dan)交(jiao)錯,黑中(zhong)帶赭,色(se)如黑牛(niu)角(jiao)(jiao)(jiao),肌(ji)理隱含灰(hui)色(se)或灰(hui)黑色(se)的棉(mian)花紋(wen),其中(zhong)以羊(yang)脂凍(dong)最好。
魚(yu)(yu)腦(nao)凍石:魚(yu)(yu)腦(nao)凍石也是壽山石的一種,魚(yu)(yu)腦(nao)凍石 石質溫潤(run)瑩潔,半透明,肌理(li)隱含棉花紋,產量稀(xi)少,十分(fen)難得,是水坑中的珍(zhen)品。
天藍(lan)(lan)凍石(shi):天藍(lan)(lan)凍石(shi),顏色(se)蔚藍(lan)(lan)帶白或黃,肌理有黑點和棉花紋,如云(yun)霞朵(duo)朵(duo)。
環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)凍石(shi):環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)凍石(shi)是(shi)因(yin)為壽山石(shi)上有單環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)、雙環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)乃至多環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)相連(lian),布滿石(shi)面(mian)。以環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)紋清晰、圓圈色(se)灰白或深灰,經油浸(jin)漬后或變淡或反增(zeng)濃是(shi)好的(de)環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)凍石(shi)。
水(shui)晶(jing)凍(dong)石(shi):水(shui)晶(jing)凍(dong)石(shi)是(shi)因(yin)為這種壽山石(shi)透明度好,沒有渾濁感(gan),如水(shui)晶(jing)一樣晶(jing)瑩(ying)剔透,所以因(yin)此得名。
大(da)紅(hong)(hong)袍雞血凍石:大(da)紅(hong)(hong)袍雞血凍石的紅(hong)(hong)色有鮮紅(hong)(hong)、大(da)紅(hong)(hong)、淡紅(hong)(hong)、暗紅(hong)(hong)、深紅(hong)(hong)等,一(yi)般以鮮艷的紅(hong)(hong)色為上品,凍石質(zhi)地(di)細膩(ni)、油潤、微(wei)透明至半透明為佳品。
鱔草(cao)(cao)凍(dong)石(shi):鱔草(cao)(cao)凍(dong)產于坑(keng)頭洞,質地清靈,色(se)(se)(se)蟹(xie)青中(zhong)略帶(dai)微黃,肌理含細點,類似鱔魚之(zhi)背(bei)脊。或(huo)色(se)(se)(se)灰(hui)白,呈半透明體,內現條(tiao)條(tiao)粗(cu)紋,狀如(ru)水底飄(piao)蕩的草(cao)(cao)葉,或(huo)寥(liao)寥(liao)數片,或(huo)滿石(shi)密布。鱔草(cao)(cao)凍(dong)石(shi)石(shi)質凝膩,凈(jing)潔如(ru)玉,色(se)(se)(se)光而通靈,是壽山石(shi)凍(dong)石(shi)精(jing)品品種。
豹(bao)皮(pi)凍:豹(bao)皮(pi)凍是(shi)因為(wei)壽山石肌(ji)理里有隱隱約約的豹(bao)紋而得名(ming)。