壽山石是玉石嗎
壽山(shan)石以(yi)地(di)名命名,雕起源(yuan)于(yu)南朝,在(zai)唐宋(song)時(shi)興(xing)起,元明時(shi)成熟,盛于(yu)清朝,在(zai)當代又得到了(le)復興(xing)。壽山石是玉石,因為壽山石的主(zhu)要礦(kuang)物(wu)組成為高(gao)嶺石族(zu)礦(kuang)物(wu),屬(shu)于天(tian)然多晶質(zhi)寶石。
壽山石的寓意和象征
壽(shou)山(shan)石寓意(yi)(yi)著長壽(shou)如山(shan),人(ren)們比德(de)于石,象(xiang)征(zheng)(zheng)著堅(jian)貞不變的(de)品德(de);壽(shou)山(shan)石寓意(yi)(yi)著愛意(yi)(yi),每種壽(shou)山(shan)石都有其(qi)獨特的(de)特征(zheng)(zheng),象(xiang)征(zheng)(zheng)著愿意(yi)(yi)為了所愛之人(ren)付出一切;壽(shou)山(shan)石寓意(yi)(yi)著堅(jian)強,它(ta)用漫長的(de)時間(jian)來修行,象(xiang)征(zheng)(zheng)著永不言(yan)敗的(de)精(jing)神。
壽山石的種類
壽山(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在寶(bao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)彩石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)學中,是屬于(yu)彩石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)大(da)類(lei)(lei)的(de)巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)亞類(lei)(lei),它的(de)種屬,石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)名都很(hen)復(fu)雜,約有一百多個品種。按傳統(tong)習慣壽山(shan)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)總(zong)目一般可主要(yao)分為“田(tian)坑”、“水坑”和(he)“山(shan)坑”三大(da)類(lei)(lei)。因為產于(yu)田(tian)底,又多現黃色(se),故(gu)稱為田(tian)坑石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)或田(tian)黃。
壽山(shan)田(tian)黃凍(dong)(dong)石:田(tian)黃凍(dong)(dong)石是壽山(shan)田(tian)黃石中的珍品,田(tian)黃凍(dong)(dong)石通體明透,似凝固(gu)的蜂蜜(mi),潤澤無比。
桃(tao)花(hua)凍(dong)石(shi):質微透明,色(se)多白、黃(huang),中帶細密的紅點,深淺大小不一,疏(shu)密有(you)致(zhi),聚(ju)散有(you)情,濃(nong)淡掩映,點點分明,光(guang)彩奪(duo)目,嬌艷欲流,似三月桃(tao)花(hua)散落水(shui)上,凝而視之,似動非動,如花(hua)飄靜水(shui)。
芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)凍(dong)(dong)石(shi)(shi)(shi):芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)凍(dong)(dong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)凝結脂潤、細膩純(chun)凈,按照凍(dong)(dong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)質地(di)主要有:白芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、黃芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、五彩(cai)芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、紅芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、青芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、綠芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、竹頭窩芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)、瓷白芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)等,產地(di)主要是將軍(jun)洞、上洞、天面(mian)洞、半山芙(fu)(fu)蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)(shi)等。
荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)凍(dong)石:荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)凍(dong)石的石性凝結,透明度強,晶瑩(ying)透澈,紅、黃(huang)、白(bai)、黑等各色(se)俱有,艷麗無比,肌里有粗蘿卜絲紋,有些原石還(huan)有黃(huang)色(se)皮。荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)凍(dong)石分為老性荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)、新性荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)凍(dong)石、紅荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)、黃(huang)荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)、紅黃(huang)荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)、純白(bai)荔(li)(li)(li)(li)枝(zhi)。
牛(niu)(niu)角(jiao)凍石:牛(niu)(niu)角(jiao)凍石也是壽山石的(de)一種,因(yin)色澤似牛(niu)(niu)角(jiao)而得名。牛(niu)(niu)角(jiao)凍石質(zhi)地通靈,肌理隱(yin)存(cun)水流紋(wen),紋(wen)色濃淡交錯(cuo),黑中帶赭,色如(ru)黑牛(niu)(niu)角(jiao),肌理隱(yin)含灰色或灰黑色的(de)棉花紋(wen),其中以羊脂凍最好(hao)。
魚(yu)腦凍(dong)石:魚(yu)腦凍(dong)石也是(shi)壽山石的一種,魚(yu)腦凍(dong)石 石質(zhi)溫潤瑩潔,半(ban)透明,肌理(li)隱含棉花紋(wen),產(chan)量稀少,十分難(nan)得,是(shi)水坑中的珍品。
天(tian)(tian)藍凍(dong)石:天(tian)(tian)藍凍(dong)石,顏(yan)色蔚藍帶白或黃(huang),肌理有黑點和棉花紋,如(ru)云霞朵(duo)朵(duo)。
環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)凍石(shi):環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)凍石(shi)是因為壽山(shan)石(shi)上有單環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)、雙環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)乃至多環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)相(xiang)連,布滿石(shi)面。以環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)紋(wen)清晰、圓(yuan)圈色灰(hui)白或(huo)深灰(hui),經油浸漬后(hou)或(huo)變淡或(huo)反增濃是好的環(huan)(huan)(huan)(huan)凍石(shi)。
水(shui)晶(jing)(jing)凍石:水(shui)晶(jing)(jing)凍石是因(yin)為這種壽山石透明度好,沒有渾(hun)濁感,如水(shui)晶(jing)(jing)一樣晶(jing)(jing)瑩剔透,所以因(yin)此得名。
大(da)紅(hong)袍(pao)雞(ji)(ji)血凍石(shi)(shi):大(da)紅(hong)袍(pao)雞(ji)(ji)血凍石(shi)(shi)的紅(hong)色有鮮紅(hong)、大(da)紅(hong)、淡紅(hong)、暗紅(hong)、深紅(hong)等,一(yi)般以鮮艷的紅(hong)色為(wei)(wei)上品,凍石(shi)(shi)質(zhi)地細膩、油潤、微透明(ming)至半透明(ming)為(wei)(wei)佳品。
鱔(shan)草凍(dong)(dong)石(shi)(shi):鱔(shan)草凍(dong)(dong)產于坑頭洞,質地(di)清靈(ling),色蟹(xie)青中略帶(dai)微黃,肌理含(han)細點,類似鱔(shan)魚之背脊。或色灰白,呈半透明體,內現條條粗(cu)紋,狀如水底(di)飄蕩的草葉(xie),或寥(liao)寥(liao)數(shu)片,或滿(man)石(shi)(shi)密布。鱔(shan)草凍(dong)(dong)石(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)質凝膩,凈潔如玉(yu),色光而通靈(ling),是壽山(shan)石(shi)(shi)凍(dong)(dong)石(shi)(shi)精品品種(zhong)。
豹皮凍:豹皮凍是因為壽山石肌理(li)里(li)有(you)隱隱約約的(de)豹紋而得名。