壽山石是玉石嗎
壽山石以地名(ming)命名(ming),雕(diao)起(qi)源(yuan)于(yu)南(nan)朝,在唐宋時興起(qi),元明時成熟,盛于(yu)清朝,在當(dang)代(dai)又(you)得到了復興。壽山(shan)石(shi)(shi)是(shi)玉石(shi)(shi),因為壽山(shan)石(shi)(shi)的主要礦(kuang)(kuang)物組成為高嶺石(shi)(shi)族(zu)礦(kuang)(kuang)物,屬于天然(ran)多(duo)晶質寶石(shi)(shi)。
壽山石的寓意和象征
壽(shou)山(shan)石(shi)寓意(yi)著長(chang)壽(shou)如山(shan),人們比德(de)于石(shi),象(xiang)征(zheng)著堅(jian)貞(zhen)不變的(de)(de)(de)品德(de);壽(shou)山(shan)石(shi)寓意(yi)著愛(ai)意(yi),每種壽(shou)山(shan)石(shi)都有其獨特(te)(te)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)(te)征(zheng),象(xiang)征(zheng)著愿意(yi)為了所(suo)愛(ai)之人付出一切;壽(shou)山(shan)石(shi)寓意(yi)著堅(jian)強(qiang),它用漫長(chang)的(de)(de)(de)時間(jian)來修行,象(xiang)征(zheng)著永不言敗的(de)(de)(de)精神(shen)。
壽山石的種類
壽山石(shi)(shi)(shi)在寶石(shi)(shi)(shi)和彩石(shi)(shi)(shi)學中,是屬于彩石(shi)(shi)(shi)大類的(de)巖石(shi)(shi)(shi)亞類,它(ta)的(de)種屬,石(shi)(shi)(shi)名都(dou)很復雜,約有一百多(duo)個品種。按傳統(tong)習慣壽山石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)總目一般(ban)可主要分(fen)為“田坑(keng)(keng)”、“水坑(keng)(keng)”和“山坑(keng)(keng)”三大類。因為產于田底,又(you)多(duo)現黃色(se),故稱為田坑(keng)(keng)石(shi)(shi)(shi)或田黃。
壽山田(tian)黃(huang)凍(dong)(dong)石(shi):田(tian)黃(huang)凍(dong)(dong)石(shi)是(shi)壽山田(tian)黃(huang)石(shi)中的(de)珍品,田(tian)黃(huang)凍(dong)(dong)石(shi)通體明(ming)透,似凝固的(de)蜂蜜,潤澤無(wu)比。
桃花(hua)凍石(shi):質微透明,色多白(bai)、黃,中帶(dai)細(xi)密(mi)的紅點(dian),深(shen)淺大小不一,疏密(mi)有(you)致(zhi),聚散(san)有(you)情(qing),濃淡掩映,點(dian)點(dian)分明,光彩奪目(mu),嬌艷(yan)欲流,似三月桃花(hua)散(san)落(luo)水(shui)上,凝而(er)視(shi)之(zhi),似動非動,如花(hua)飄靜水(shui)。
芙蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)凍(dong)石(shi)(shi):芙蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)凝結脂潤、細膩純(chun)凈,按照凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)質(zhi)地(di)(di)主要(yao)有:白芙蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、黃芙蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、五彩芙蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、紅(hong)芙蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、青芙蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、綠芙蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、竹(zhu)頭窩芙蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)、瓷白芙蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)等,產地(di)(di)主要(yao)是將軍洞、上(shang)洞、天(tian)面洞、半山芙蓉(rong)(rong)(rong)石(shi)(shi)等。
荔(li)枝凍(dong)石(shi)(shi):荔(li)枝凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)的石(shi)(shi)性(xing)凝結,透明度強(qiang),晶(jing)瑩透澈,紅、黃(huang)、白(bai)、黑(hei)等(deng)各色(se)俱有(you)(you),艷(yan)麗無(wu)比,肌里有(you)(you)粗蘿卜絲紋,有(you)(you)些原(yuan)石(shi)(shi)還(huan)有(you)(you)黃(huang)色(se)皮。荔(li)枝凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)分為(wei)老性(xing)荔(li)枝、新性(xing)荔(li)枝凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)、紅荔(li)枝、黃(huang)荔(li)枝、紅黃(huang)荔(li)枝、純白(bai)荔(li)枝。
牛角(jiao)凍(dong)石(shi):牛角(jiao)凍(dong)石(shi)也是壽山石(shi)的一(yi)種,因色澤似牛角(jiao)而得名(ming)。牛角(jiao)凍(dong)石(shi)質地通靈,肌理隱(yin)存水流紋,紋色濃淡交錯,黑中(zhong)帶赭,色如黑牛角(jiao),肌理隱(yin)含灰(hui)色或灰(hui)黑色的棉花紋,其中(zhong)以羊脂凍(dong)最好。
魚(yu)腦凍石(shi)(shi):魚(yu)腦凍石(shi)(shi)也(ye)是壽山(shan)石(shi)(shi)的一種,魚(yu)腦凍石(shi)(shi) 石(shi)(shi)質(zhi)溫潤瑩潔(jie),半透明,肌理隱(yin)含棉花紋,產量稀少,十分難得,是水坑中的珍品。
天藍(lan)凍石(shi):天藍(lan)凍石(shi),顏(yan)色(se)蔚(yu)藍(lan)帶白或(huo)黃,肌(ji)理有黑(hei)點和棉(mian)花紋,如云(yun)霞朵朵。
環凍(dong)(dong)石(shi):環凍(dong)(dong)石(shi)是(shi)因(yin)為壽(shou)山石(shi)上有(you)單環、雙環乃至多環相連,布滿石(shi)面。以(yi)環紋清晰、圓圈色灰(hui)白或深(shen)灰(hui),經油浸漬后或變淡(dan)或反增(zeng)濃是(shi)好的環凍(dong)(dong)石(shi)。
水晶(jing)(jing)凍石(shi):水晶(jing)(jing)凍石(shi)是因為(wei)這種壽山石(shi)透明(ming)度(du)好,沒有渾濁感,如水晶(jing)(jing)一樣晶(jing)(jing)瑩(ying)剔透,所以因此得名。
大(da)紅(hong)袍(pao)雞血(xue)凍(dong)石:大(da)紅(hong)袍(pao)雞血(xue)凍(dong)石的紅(hong)色(se)有鮮紅(hong)、大(da)紅(hong)、淡紅(hong)、暗紅(hong)、深紅(hong)等,一般以鮮艷的紅(hong)色(se)為上品,凍(dong)石質地細膩、油潤、微透(tou)明至半透(tou)明為佳品。
鱔(shan)草凍(dong)石(shi)(shi):鱔(shan)草凍(dong)產于坑(keng)頭洞,質地清(qing)靈(ling),色(se)蟹青(qing)中略帶微(wei)黃,肌(ji)理含細點,類似鱔(shan)魚(yu)之背(bei)脊。或(huo)(huo)色(se)灰白,呈半(ban)透明體,內(nei)現條(tiao)條(tiao)粗紋(wen),狀如(ru)水底飄蕩的草葉,或(huo)(huo)寥寥數片(pian),或(huo)(huo)滿石(shi)(shi)密布。鱔(shan)草凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)石(shi)(shi)質凝膩,凈潔如(ru)玉,色(se)光而通(tong)靈(ling),是(shi)壽山石(shi)(shi)凍(dong)石(shi)(shi)精品(pin)品(pin)種。
豹皮凍:豹皮凍是因為壽山石肌理(li)里有隱隱約約的豹紋而得(de)名。