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【消防應急燈故障及維修】消防應急燈電路原理是什么 消防應急燈常見故障

本文章由注冊用戶 洋洋盈耳 上傳提供 評論 發布 反饋 0
摘要:消防應急燈作為一種備用照明設備,在燈具內裝有停電時提供電源的蓄電池G(或稱電瓶)。由于應急燈長時間與市電并聯在一起工作,所以容易出現故障。消防應急燈常見故障(1)電瓶長期充電,電液干枯,過早損壞。(2)變壓器長期通電過熱燒壞。(3)最常見的是繼電器線圈長期通電燒壞或其接點燒蝕。這種燈較簡易價格低.然而故障也出現得多。下面一起來了解詳情。

消防應急燈廣泛用于公共場所的走廊、消防通道內。現在各廠礦企業、大型超市、醫院學校等都安裝了這種應急燈。市場上眾多的消防應急燈具是由消防公安及安監部門監制的產品.品種繁多,但功能基本一致。當市電停電時,消防應急燈自動點亮,來電時自動熄滅。消防應急燈作為一種備用照明設備,在燈具內裝有停電時提供電源的蓄電池G(或稱電瓶)。由于應急燈長時間與市電并聯在一起工作,所以容易出現故障。

消防應急燈電路原理

應急(ji)燈(deng)當有市電(dian)(dian)時.通過(guo)(guo)變壓(ya)器B降壓(ya)、整流(liu)(liu)、濾波.此(ci)時6V的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)繼電(dian)(dian)吸合,常開觸(chu)點閉(bi)合,使整流(liu)(liu)后的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)通過(guo)(guo)R1降壓(ya)向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)充電(dian)(dian),LED作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)指示燈(deng)。當市電(dian)(dian)停電(dian)(dian)時,6V的(de)(de)(de)繼電(dian)(dian)器失電(dian)(dian).常開點斷(duan)開,接通常閉(bi)點,應急(ji)燈(deng)泡ZD接到(dao)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)端(duan).得(de)電(dian)(dian)發光起到(dao)應急(ji)照明作(zuo)用。市電(dian)(dian)恢復時.回復到(dao)上(shang)述過(guo)(guo)程。

該圖片由注冊用戶"洋洋盈耳"提供,版權聲明反饋

消防應急燈常見故障原因

(1)電瓶長期充電,電液干枯,過早損壞。(2)變壓器長期通電過熱燒壞。(3)最常見的是繼電器線圈長期通電燒壞或其接點燒蝕。這種燈較簡易價(jia)格低(di).然而故障也出現得多。

消防應急燈常見故障及維修

由于(yu)電瓶長(chang)期充(chong)電。又(you)無充(chong)滿保護電路(lu).故最容(rong)易(yi)壞,其(qi)次是(shi)變壓器(qi),再就是(shi)驅(qu)動(dong)三(san)極管Q2(或Q3),如果(guo)燈泡長(chang)期被點(dian)亮。管于(yu)發熱(re),也容(rong)易(yi)損壞。一般更換這幾個元件便(bian)能正常工作(zuo)。

當市電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)正(zheng)常供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時。通過(guo)變壓(ya)(ya)器降壓(ya)(ya)、整流(liu)(liu)、濾波,在C1上得(de)到大(da)約(yue)13V的(de)(de)直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。該電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)經(jing)R3、Q1、D6給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。Q1的(de)(de)基極(ji)接有穩壓(ya)(ya)二極(ji)管DZ1,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)R4既是Q1基極(ji)的(de)(de)偏流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu),又是穩壓(ya)(ya)管的(de)(de)限流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu),使Q1基極(ji)約(yue)為8.9V,這樣充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)受到限制,最(zui)高為7.6V.可保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。其充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)隨著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)而變化,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)越低充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)越大(da),反之越小。在充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態,Q2飽和導通,Q3由于D7、R10的(de)(de)作用而截止(zhi)(zhi),Q4也(ye)截止(zhi)(zhi),所以(yi)照明燈ZD1、ZD2不亮。

當220v交流電(dian)(dian)因(yin)故停電(dian)(dian)時(shi),變壓(ya)器B1次級無輸出電(dian)(dian).電(dian)(dian)路(lu)中直(zhi)流13V電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)消失,D7正(zheng)極無電(dian)(dian)壓(ya),由(you)于(yu)Q2在(zai)停電(dian)(dian)前(qian)處于(yu)飽和導(dao)(dao)通(tong)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態,所(suo)以(yi)Q3立即導(dao)(dao)通(tong),Q4基(ji)極電(dian)(dian)位(wei)升高,Q4也隨之導(dao)(dao)通(tong),照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)燈(deng)DZ1、DZ2被點亮。Q4導(dao)(dao)通(tong)后其集電(dian)(dian)極為(wei)低電(dian)(dian)位(wei),由(you)于(yu)R1跨接在(zai)Q4集電(dian)(dian)極與Q3基(ji)極之間,Q3基(ji)極電(dian)(dian)位(wei)下降(jiang),維持Q3的導(dao)(dao)通(tong)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態,照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)燈(deng)一(yi)直(zhi)被點亮。紅(hong)色LED作為(wei)充電(dian)(dian)指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈(deng),綠色LED作為(wei)主電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈(deng)。紅(hong)燈(deng)亮表(biao)示(shi)(shi)電(dian)(dian)瓶(ping)正(zheng)在(zai)充電(dian)(dian),綠燈(deng)亮表(biao)示(shi)(shi)有交流220V電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。0N/OFF為(wei)照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)燈(deng)的開(kai)(kai)關按(an)鈕,220V交流電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)停電(dian)(dian)時(shi).可以(yi)通(tong)過此按(an)鈕打(da)開(kai)(kai)或關閉照(zhao)明(ming)(ming)燈(deng)。

應急燈出故障(zhang)時.可先觀察兩指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈的工作狀態。交流(liu)220V供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)正(zheng)常(chang)時.綠色(se)指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈應亮(liang),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)紅(hong)色(se)指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈也應亮(liang)。如(ru)果綠燈不亮(liang),則應檢查(cha)變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)次(ci)級是否(fou)有(you)9V交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya),電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)C1兩端應有(you)13V左(zuo)(zuo)右的直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。如(ru)果兩處(chu)都沒有(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)。一般是變壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)B1損壞(huai)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(綠色(se))指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈亮(liang),充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(紅(hong)色(se))指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈不亮(liang),可測Q1發射(she)極(ji)有(you)無(wu)7V左(zuo)(zuo)右電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya),如(ru)無(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya),則應檢查(cha)Q1之(zhi)前的相應元件(jian)。檢修中(zhong),可斷(duan)開(kai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶正(zheng)極(ji),測量應急燈的開(kai)路充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)與通路充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya),正(zheng)常(chang)時應為7V左(zuo)(zuo)右,充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)約為450mA。如(ru)果電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)過(guo)高(gao)(gao),則應查(cha)Q1是否(fou)擊穿短(duan)路,DZ1、R14是否(fou)開(kai)路,過(guo)高(gao)(gao)的充(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya),將造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)瓶過(guo)充(chong)(chong)損壞(huai)。

交流220V停電時(shi).照明燈(deng)ZD1、ZD2不(bu)亮.首(shou)先(xian)查燈(deng)泡是否(fou)損(sun)壞.再檢查三極管Q2、Q3、Q4及(ji)相關元件是否(fou)損(sun)壞;電瓶老(lao)化等。

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