什么是整流器

整流器是把交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉換成(cheng)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)裝(zhuang)置，可(ke)用于供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置及偵測無線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)信號等。整流(liu)器可(ke)以(yi)真空管(guan)，引(yin)燃(ran)管(guan)，固態矽半導體(ti)二極管(guan)，汞(gong)弧等制成(cheng)。整流(liu)器是一個整流(liu)裝(zhuang)置，簡單的(de)說(shuo)就是將交流(liu)(AC)轉化為直(zhi)流(liu)(DC)的(de)裝(zhuang)置。它有兩個主(zhu)要(yao)功(gong)能：第一，將交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(AC)變(bian)成(cheng)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(DC)，經濾波(bo)后(hou)供(gong)(gong)給(gei)負載(zai)，或者供(gong)(gong)給(gei)逆變(bian)器；第二，給(gei)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池提(ti)供(gong)(gong)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。因此，它同時又起到(dao)一個充電(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)作用。

整流器原理

在以大功(gong)率二極(ji)(ji)管(guan)或(huo)晶閘(zha)管(guan)為基礎的兩種基本(ben)類型(xing)的整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)中，電(dian)網的高壓交流(liu)(liu)功(gong)率通(tong)過變壓器(qi)變換為直流(liu)(liu)功(gong)率。提(ti)到未來(不久的或(huo)遙遠的)的其它(ta)類型(xing)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)：以不可控二極(ji)(ji)管(guan)前沿產品為基礎的斬波(bo)器(qi)、斬波(bo)直流(liu)(liu)/直流(liu)(liu)變換器(qi)或(huo)電(dian)流(liu)(liu)源逆變型(xing)有源整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)。

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整流器與鎮流器的區別

把交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)變成(cheng)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)設(she)備就稱為整流(liu)器(qi)。按照所(suo)采用的(de)整流(liu)器(qi)件，可分為機械(xie)式(shi)、電(dian)(dian)(dian)子管式(shi)和半導體式(shi)幾類。 電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)(gan)鎮(zhen)流(liu)器(qi)是一個鐵芯電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)(gan)線(xian)圈，電(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)(gan)的(de)性質是當線(xian)圈中的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)發生變化(hua)(hua)時，則(ze)在(zai)線(xian)圈中將引起磁通(tong)的(de)變化(hua)(hua)，從而產生感(gan)(gan)應電(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)，其(qi)方向與電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)的(de)方向相反，因(yin)而阻礙著電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)變化(hua)(hua)。

鎮流器是什么

鎮流器（ballast resistor）是日光燈上起限流作用和產生瞬間高壓的設備，它是在硅鋼制作的鐵芯上纏漆包線制作而成，這樣的帶鐵芯的線圈，在瞬間開/關上電時(shi)(shi)，就會自感產(chan)生高壓，加在(zai)日(ri)光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)兩端(duan)的(de)電極（燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)）上。這(zhe)(zhe)個動(dong)作是(shi)交(jiao)替進行的(de)，當啟(qi)輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)（跳泡）閉合時(shi)(shi)，燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)限流(liu)(liu)導通(tong)發(fa)(fa)(fa)熱；當啟(qi)輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)路(lu)時(shi)(shi)，鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就會自感產(chan)生高壓加在(zai)燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)兩端(duan)燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)上，燈(deng)(deng)絲(si)發(fa)(fa)(fa)射電子轟擊管(guan)(guan)壁的(de)螢光(guang)(guang)粉(fen)發(fa)(fa)(fa)光(guang)(guang)，啟(qi)輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)反復(fu)幾(ji)次通(tong)斷，就會反復(fu)幾(ji)次這(zhe)(zhe)樣的(de)動(dong)作，從(cong)而(er)打通(tong)燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)。當燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)正常發(fa)(fa)(fa)光(guang)(guang)時(shi)(shi)，內阻變小，啟(qi)輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就始終保(bao)持開(kai)路(lu)狀態，這(zhe)(zhe)樣電流(liu)(liu)就穩定的(de)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)、鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)工作了(le)，使燈(deng)(deng)管(guan)(guan)正常發(fa)(fa)(fa)光(guang)(guang)。由(you)于鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)日(ri)光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)工作時(shi)(shi)，始終有電流(liu)(liu)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)，所以(yi)容(rong)易產(chan)生振動(dong)，并且會發(fa)(fa)(fa)熱，所以(yi)有鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)日(ri)光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(deng)，特別是(shi)鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)質量不好時(shi)(shi)，會產(chan)生很(hen)大的(de)聲(sheng)音，用的(de)時(shi)(shi)間長了(le)，還容(rong)易燒毀。

電子鎮流器的工作原理

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子鎮流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是一個將工(gong)頻(pin)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)轉(zhuan)換成高(gao)頻(pin)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)換器(qi)(qi)(qi)，其基本工(gong)作原理是：工(gong)頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)經過射(she)頻(pin)干擾(RFI)濾(lv)波器(qi)(qi)(qi)，全波整流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)和無源(yuan)(或(huo)有(you)源(yuan))功率因數校正器(qi)(qi)(qi)(PPFC或(huo)APFC)后，變(bian)為直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。通過DC/AC變(bian)換器(qi)(qi)(qi)，輸出20K-100KHZ的(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)頻(pin)交流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，加(jia)到與(yu)燈連接的(de)(de)(de)(de)LC串聯諧振電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路加(jia)熱(re)燈絲(si)，同時在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)(qi)上(shang)產(chan)生(sheng)諧振高(gao)壓(ya)，加(jia)在燈管(guan)兩端，但(dan)使燈管(guan)"放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)"變(bian)成"導通"狀態(tai)，再(zai)進入發光(guang)狀態(tai)，此(ci)時高(gao)頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感起限制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)增大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用，保(bao)證燈管(guan)獲得正常(chang)工(gong)作所需的(de)(de)(de)(de)燈電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和燈電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)，為了提(ti)高(gao)可靠(kao)性(xing)，常(chang)增設(she)各種(zhong)保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，如異常(chang)保(bao)護，浪涌(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)保(bao)護，溫度保(bao)護等等。

直管熒光燈鎮流器

直管熒光燈鎮(zhen)流器(qi)對實(shi)施(shi)(shi)“照(zhao)明功率(lv)密度(LPD)”限值的(de)(de)影響 GB50034-2004第6章規定了“照(zhao)明功率(lv)密度(LPD)”最(zui)高限值指標(biao)，并作為(wei)強(qiang)制性條文發布。這項(xiang)規定對于實(shi)施(shi)(shi)我國節(jie)能方針無疑是(shi)十分積(ji)極而有效(xiao)的(de)(de)。要實(shi)施(shi)(shi)這項(xiang)指標(biao)，必須全面地采取各(ge)項(xiang)措施(shi)(shi)，包括合(he)理(li)確定照(zhao)度水平，開展科學的(de)(de)照(zhao)明工程設(she)計等，但合(he)理(li)選用(yong)照(zhao)明器(qi)材，包括光(guang)(guang)源(yuan)(yuan)、燈(deng)具及鎮(zhen)流器(qi)，是(shi)十分重要的(de)(de)因素(su)。其中，光(guang)(guang)源(yuan)(yuan)是(shi)第一要素(su)。以應用(yong)最(zui)廣泛的(de)(de)直(zhi)管熒光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)為(wei)例。如果選用(yong)高效(xiao)的(de)(de)T8三基色熒光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)(36W)和T8鹵(lu)(lu)粉熒光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)相(xiang)比(bi)，同(tong)為(wei)冷(leng)色溫(wen)時(shi)，前者(zhe)可提高光(guang)(guang)效(xiao)30%；相(xiang)同(tong)照(zhao)度時(shi)，前者(zhe)的(de)(de)安裝功率(lv)降(jiang)低(di)23%(當(dang)然，如果T8三基色熒光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)管和過(guo)去的(de)(de)T12鹵(lu)(lu)粉燈(deng)管相(xiang)比(bi)，可降(jiang)低(di)約32%)。