什么是整流器

整流器是把交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)的(de)(de)裝置(zhi)，可用于供(gong)電(dian)裝置(zhi)及偵(zhen)測(ce)無(wu)線電(dian)信號等(deng)。整流(liu)(liu)器可以(yi)真空(kong)管(guan)，引燃管(guan)，固態矽(xi)半導體二極(ji)管(guan)，汞(gong)弧(hu)等(deng)制成(cheng)。整流(liu)(liu)器是一(yi)個整流(liu)(liu)裝置(zhi)，簡單(dan)的(de)(de)說就(jiu)是將交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)(AC)轉(zhuan)化為直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)(DC)的(de)(de)裝置(zhi)。它有兩個主要(yao)功能：第(di)(di)一(yi)，將交(jiao)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(AC)變成(cheng)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(DC)，經濾波(bo)后供(gong)給負(fu)載，或者供(gong)給逆(ni)變器；第(di)(di)二，給蓄電(dian)池(chi)提供(gong)充電(dian)電(dian)壓。因此，它同時又起到一(yi)個充電(dian)器的(de)(de)作(zuo)用。

整流器原理

在以大功(gong)率(lv)二極管或晶閘管為(wei)基(ji)礎的兩種基(ji)本類型(xing)的整(zheng)流(liu)器中，電(dian)網(wang)的高壓交流(liu)功(gong)率(lv)通過變壓器變換為(wei)直流(liu)功(gong)率(lv)。提(ti)到未(wei)來(lai)(不(bu)(bu)久的或遙遠的)的其它類型(xing)整(zheng)流(liu)器：以不(bu)(bu)可(ke)控二極管前沿產(chan)品為(wei)基(ji)礎的斬波器、斬波直流(liu)/直流(liu)變換器或電(dian)流(liu)源逆變型(xing)有源整(zheng)流(liu)器。

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整流器與鎮流器的區別

把交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)變成直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)的設(she)備就稱(cheng)為整流(liu)(liu)器。按照所采(cai)用的整流(liu)(liu)器件，可分為機械(xie)式、電(dian)(dian)子管式和半(ban)導體式幾類。 電(dian)(dian)感(gan)鎮流(liu)(liu)器是一(yi)個鐵芯電(dian)(dian)感(gan)線(xian)(xian)圈，電(dian)(dian)感(gan)的性質(zhi)是當線(xian)(xian)圈中的電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)發生變化時，則在線(xian)(xian)圈中將引(yin)起磁通的變化，從而(er)產生感(gan)應電(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)，其方向(xiang)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)的方向(xiang)相反，因而(er)阻礙著(zhu)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)變化。

鎮流器是什么

鎮流器(qi)（ballast resistor）是日光燈上起限流作用和產生瞬間高壓的設備，它是在硅鋼制作的鐵芯上纏漆包線制作而成，這樣的帶鐵芯的線圈，在瞬間開/關上電時(shi)(shi)，就(jiu)會自感產生高壓(ya)(ya)，加在(zai)日光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)端(duan)的(de)(de)(de)電極（燈(deng)絲(si)(si)）上。這(zhe)個動(dong)作(zuo)是交(jiao)替(ti)進行的(de)(de)(de)，當(dang)啟輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)（跳泡）閉合時(shi)(shi)，燈(deng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)燈(deng)絲(si)(si)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)限流(liu)(liu)導通(tong)(tong)發(fa)熱(re)；當(dang)啟輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)開(kai)路時(shi)(shi)，鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就(jiu)會自感產生高壓(ya)(ya)加在(zai)燈(deng)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)兩(liang)端(duan)燈(deng)絲(si)(si)上，燈(deng)絲(si)(si)發(fa)射(she)電子(zi)轟擊管(guan)(guan)壁的(de)(de)(de)螢光(guang)(guang)粉發(fa)光(guang)(guang)，啟輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)反復幾(ji)次通(tong)(tong)斷，就(jiu)會反復幾(ji)次這(zhe)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)作(zuo)，從而打通(tong)(tong)燈(deng)管(guan)(guan)。當(dang)燈(deng)管(guan)(guan)正常發(fa)光(guang)(guang)時(shi)(shi)，內阻變小，啟輝(hui)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就(jiu)始終保持開(kai)路狀態(tai)，這(zhe)樣(yang)(yang)電流(liu)(liu)就(jiu)穩定的(de)(de)(de)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)燈(deng)管(guan)(guan)、鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)工作(zuo)了(le)，使燈(deng)管(guan)(guan)正常發(fa)光(guang)(guang)。由(you)于鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)日光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)工作(zuo)時(shi)(shi)，始終有電流(liu)(liu)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)容易產生振(zhen)動(dong)，并(bing)且會發(fa)熱(re)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)有鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)日光(guang)(guang)燈(deng)，特(te)別是鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)質量不好時(shi)(shi)，會產生很大的(de)(de)(de)聲(sheng)音(yin)，用的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間(jian)長了(le)，還容易燒毀(hui)。

電子鎮流器的工作原理

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子鎮流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)是(shi)一(yi)個將工頻(pin)(pin)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)轉換(huan)成高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)(pin)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)的(de)變(bian)換(huan)器(qi)(qi)，其(qi)基本(ben)工作(zuo)原理是(shi)：工頻(pin)(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)經過射頻(pin)(pin)干擾(RFI)濾波(bo)(bo)器(qi)(qi)，全波(bo)(bo)整(zheng)流(liu)(liu)和(he)無源(yuan)(或(huo)有(you)源(yuan))功率因數(shu)校(xiao)正器(qi)(qi)(PPFC或(huo)APFC)后，變(bian)為直流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)。通(tong)過DC/AC變(bian)換(huan)器(qi)(qi)，輸出20K-100KHZ的(de)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)(pin)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)，加到與(yu)燈(deng)(deng)連接的(de)LC串聯諧(xie)振電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)加熱燈(deng)(deng)絲，同(tong)時(shi)在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容器(qi)(qi)上產(chan)生(sheng)諧(xie)振高(gao)(gao)壓，加在燈(deng)(deng)管兩(liang)端(duan)，但使燈(deng)(deng)管"放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)"變(bian)成"導通(tong)"狀(zhuang)態，再進入(ru)發光狀(zhuang)態，此時(shi)高(gao)(gao)頻(pin)(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)起限制電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)增(zeng)大的(de)作(zuo)用，保證燈(deng)(deng)管獲得正常(chang)工作(zuo)所(suo)需的(de)燈(deng)(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)燈(deng)(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)，為了提高(gao)(gao)可靠(kao)性，常(chang)增(zeng)設各種(zhong)保護(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)，如異常(chang)保護(hu)(hu)，浪涌電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)保護(hu)(hu)，溫(wen)度保護(hu)(hu)等等。

直管熒光燈鎮流器

直管熒光燈鎮流(liu)器對實(shi)施(shi)“照(zhao)(zhao)明功(gong)率(lv)密度(du)(LPD)”限值的(de)(de)(de)影響 GB50034-2004第6章規定(ding)了“照(zhao)(zhao)明功(gong)率(lv)密度(du)(LPD)”最(zui)高限值指標，并作為(wei)強制性(xing)條文發(fa)布。這項規定(ding)對于實(shi)施(shi)我國節(jie)能(neng)方針(zhen)無(wu)疑是十(shi)分積極而有效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)。要(yao)實(shi)施(shi)這項指標，必須全(quan)面地采取各項措施(shi)，包括合(he)理確定(ding)照(zhao)(zhao)度(du)水平(ping)，開展科學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)照(zhao)(zhao)明工程設計等，但合(he)理選(xuan)用(yong)照(zhao)(zhao)明器材(cai)，包括光源、燈(deng)具及鎮流(liu)器，是十(shi)分重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)因素。其中，光源是第一要(yao)素。以應用(yong)最(zui)廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)管(guan)熒(ying)光燈(deng)為(wei)例(li)。如果選(xuan)用(yong)高效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)T8三(san)基(ji)色熒(ying)光燈(deng)(36W)和(he)(he)T8鹵粉熒(ying)光燈(deng)相比，同為(wei)冷色溫時(shi)，前(qian)者可提高光效(xiao)30%；相同照(zhao)(zhao)度(du)時(shi)，前(qian)者的(de)(de)(de)安裝功(gong)率(lv)降低23%(當(dang)然，如果T8三(san)基(ji)色熒(ying)光燈(deng)管(guan)和(he)(he)過(guo)去的(de)(de)(de)T12鹵粉燈(deng)管(guan)相比，可降低約32%)。