【電熱水(shui)器原(yuan)理】電熱水(shui)器的工作原(yuan)理是什么 電熱水(shui)器的分類有(you)哪些(xie)
電熱水器的工作原理是什么
即熱式電熱水器的工作原理
即熱式電熱水器主要(yao)由加熱(re)槽(cao)(cao)板、壓力傳感器(qi)、功率調(diao)節器(qi)、水(shui)(shui)量(liang)調(diao)節龍頭、進(jin)水(shui)(shui)管(guan)和出水(shui)(shui)管(guan)部件(jian)等組成,其(qi)中(zhong)加熱(re)槽(cao)(cao)板是即熱(re)式電熱(re)水(shui)(shui)器(qi)的關鍵部件(jian),由槽(cao)(cao)權、密封圈、蓋和電熱(re)元件(jian)組成,其(qi)電熱(re)元件(jian)位于槽(cao)(cao)板的槽(cao)(cao)中(zhong)。
即熱(re)式電(dian)熱(re)水(shui)器(qi)是(shi)采(cai)用直接(jie)傳(chuan)導的(de)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)方式進行工(gong)作的(de),由于電(dian)熱(re)元件(jian)置于槽(cao)板(ban)的(de)槽(cao)中(zhong),所(suo)以(yi)當冷(leng)水(shui)流(liu)經(jing)槽(cao)中(zhong)時便能直接(jie)流(liu)經(jing)電(dian)熱(re)元件(jian)表(biao)面而被(bei)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)。又(you)因水(shui)槽(cao)似蛇形,所(suo)以(yi)進水(shui)口(kou)流(liu)入的(de)冷(leng)水(shui)是(shi)逐步被(bei)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)的(de),在(zai)出水(shui)口(kou)處便可得到溫度較高的(de)熱(re)水(shui)。
貯水式電熱水器的工作原理
貯水式電熱水器主要由內服、保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)層、溫(wen)控(kong)器、加(jia)熱(re)管、鎂棒等(deng)(deng)組成。內膽用不銹鋼板、鋼板等(deng)(deng)制成,經受1.2MPa水壓(ya)檢驗不滲漏(lou);保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)層由聚氨酯整體發泡而成。電熱(re)水器帶有漏(lou)電保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)、防干燒保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)、防超溫(wen)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)等(deng)(deng)安全(quan)裝(zhuang)置。
通(tong)(tong)(tong)電(dian)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)時,加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈(deng)亮,當水溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)達(da)到頂設溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)時,溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器(qi)觸點斷(duan)開(kai),加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈(deng)滅,電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)水器(qi)處(chu)于(yu)斷(duan)電(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態,此(ci)時每2小時溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)約降低1℃左(zuo)右(視保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)層的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)效果(guo)而有所差異(yi))、當水溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比預設溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)低幾度(du)(一般(ban)為7℃左(zuo)右),溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器(qi)觸點接(jie)通(tong)(tong)(tong),加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)指(zhi)示(shi)(shi)燈(deng)亮,電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)水器(qi)處(chu)于(yu)通(tong)(tong)(tong)電(dian)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態。當電(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)水器(qi)處(chu)于(yu)干(gan)燒或過(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態時,過(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器(qi)內的(de)(de)雙金屬片閉合(he),使漏電(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護插(cha)頭(tou)上的(de)(de)試驗按(an)(an)鈕觸電(dian)短路(lu),漏電(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護插(cha)頭(tou)動作,復(fu)(fu)值(zhi)按(an)(an)鈕彈起,加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)斷(duan)電(dian)。熱(re)(re)(re)水器(qi)的(de)(de)水溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)比過(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)控(kong)器(qi)動作的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)度(du)低25℃及以上時,按(an)(an)下(xia)漏電(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護插(cha)頭(tou)上的(de)(de)復(fu)(fu)值(zhi)按(an)(an)鈕,電(dian)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)電(dian),熱(re)(re)(re)水器(qi)又處(chu)于(yu)正(zheng)(zheng)常狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態;若是(shi)于(yu)燒情況(kuang),需(xu)要待加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)冷卻(約10分鐘后),才能加(jia)水,加(jia)水后,按(an)(an)下(xia)漏電(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)護插(cha)頭(tou)上的(de)(de)復(fu)(fu)值(zhi)按(an)(an)鈕,電(dian)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)通(tong)(tong)(tong)電(dian),即可恢復(fu)(fu)正(zheng)(zheng)常使用(yong)。
電熱水器的分類有哪些
電熱水器按儲水方式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)即熱(re)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和容(rong)(rong)積(ji)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(又(you)稱儲水式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)或儲熱(re)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi))、速熱(re)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(又(you)稱半儲水式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi))三種;容(rong)(rong)積(ji)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是電(dian)熱(re)水器的主要(yao)形式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),按安裝方式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的不(bu)同,可(ke)(ke)進一(yi)步區(qu)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)立式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、橫式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及落地式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),按承壓與(yu)否(fou),又(you)可(ke)(ke)區(qu)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)簡易式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(敞開式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi))和承壓式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(封閉(bi)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)),按容(rong)(rong)積(ji)大小又(you)可(ke)(ke)區(qu)分(fen)(fen)為(wei)(wei)大容(rong)(rong)積(ji)與(yu)小容(rong)(rong)積(ji)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。
1、即熱式和貯水(shui)式
即(ji)熱式(shi)(shi)電(dian)熱水(shui)(shui)器具(ju)有使用安全、衛生、不受(shou)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)限制,隨時(shi)可供(gong)熱水(shui)(shui),水(shui)(shui)溫易(yi)調節(jie)等優點(dian),在發(fa)達(da)的(de)西方(fang)國(guo)家(jia)已廣泛地使用,即(ji)熱式(shi)(shi)電(dian)熱水(shui)(shui)器體積小,不須(xu)預(yu)熱,但功率(lv)大,通常在4-6kw以上,工作(zuo)電(dian)流高(gao)達(da)18-27A,我國(guo)大部(bu)分住宅(zhai)的(de)供(gong)電(dian)線路(lu)只(zhi)能承受(shou)15A電(dian)流,而且(qie)使用中易(yi)受(shou)水(shui)(shui)壓(ya)影響水(shui)(shui)溫。貯水(shui)(shui)式(shi)(shi)熱水(shui)(shui)器的(de)功率(lv)常在1.2-2KW,電(dian)流6-9A之間,一般家(jia)庭線路(lu)可滿足。貯水(shui)(shui)式(shi)(shi)具(ju)有自動恒溫保(bao)溫、停電(dian)時(shi)同樣可提供(gong)熱水(shui)(shui),并可作(zuo)為(wei)熱水(shui)(shui)供(gong)應(ying)中心(xin),供(gong)應(ying)多處用水(shui)(shui)。但體積大,須(xu)預(yu)熱。
2、封閉式和敞開式
貯水式熱水器分為封閉式和敞開式兩種。敞開式熱水器內膽不耐壓,不能同時供應多處用水;封閉式電熱水器內膽(dan)可耐壓(ya),能(neng)同時供應多處用水(shui)。應選擇封閉(bi)式為宜受(shou)壓(ya)容(rong)器中,圓罐形結構能(neng)承受(shou)壓(ya)力最(zui)大,所以產(chan)品(pin)圓罐設計最(zui)合理。
電熱水器選擇要點
1、內膽的選擇
貯(zhu)水(shui)式電熱(re)水(shui)器內(nei)膽(dan)是用來儲水(shui)的(de),它(ta)必(bi)須具(ju)備保溫、耐壓、不生銹(xiu)、無(wu)水(shui)垢、不滲水(shui)的(de)特(te)性,一旦損壞難以修復,其壽命取(qu)決(jue)于內(nei)膽(dan)的(de)材質和制造工藝,選擇(ze)好的(de)內(nei)膽(dan)是關鍵(jian),目(mu)前市場(chang)上電熱(re)水(shui)器的(de)內(nei)膽(dan)有(you)以下幾種:
(1)、鍍鋅板(ban)內(nei)膽(dan):鋅保護層只有0.06mm,內(nei)膽(dan)成形后(hou)不作(zuo)防(fang)銹處理,易(yi)生銹、壽命短。
(2)、不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)內膽:材質好,不易生銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu);但焊(han)(han)縫(feng)隱患難以發現,經多次熱脹冷(leng)縮后,不銹(xiu)(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)中(zhong)的(de)鉻會被自來(lai)水(shui)中(zhong)的(de)氯離子腐蝕而產(chan)生焊(han)(han)縫(feng)漏水(shui)。
(3)、熱鍍鋅覆(fu)防(fang)銹樹(shu)脂(zhi)內膽:內膽成形后熱鍍鋅,鋅合金(jin)保護層厚度在(zai)0.7mm以上,鋅含金(jin)表面(mian)再覆(fu)防(fang)銹樹(shu)脂(zhi),壽命(ming)較短。
(4)、搪(tang)瓷內(nei)膽(dan)(dan):內(nei)膽(dan)(dan)表面的瓷釉為非金屬材料,既不生銹,也無水垢,厚鋼板(ban)制(zhi)作,有較(jiao)強的耐(nai)壓能力(li)。高釉包(bao)鋼內(nei)膽(dan)(dan)更(geng)是搪(tang)瓷內(nei)膽(dan)(dan)的最(zui)高等級,非但防腐(fu)蝕形(xing)好,還有一定的保(bao)濕效果(guo),可(ke)長(chang)久使用。
2、電熱水器的質(zhi)量關鍵在(zai)哪里?
如同電冰箱的質量關鍵在壓縮機,電熱水器的(de)質量關鍵在(zai)于熱(re)水器的(de)內膽。電熱(re)水器的(de)內膽是(shi)用來貯(zhu)水的(de),它必須具(ju)備保溫、耐壓、不(bu)生銹、無(wu)水垢(gou)、不(bu)滲(shen)水的(de)特點,要達到這種特性(xing),關鍵在(zai)于內膽材料的(de)選用和內膽的(de)制作(zuo)工藝流程。
3、究竟是(shi)圓形(xing)的好(hao),還是(shi)方形(xing)的好(hao)?
現今最(zui)(zui)優質的(de)國際名(ming)牌電熱水(shui)器都是(shi)圓(yuan)罐(guan)形(xing)設計(ji),而不是(shi)方形(xing)設計(ji),道理很簡單,因為只有圓(yuan)罐(guan)形(xing)的(de)設計(ji)受(shou)力最(zui)(zui)均勻,最(zui)(zui)能承受(shou)高(gao)壓(ya),而方形(xing)或(huo)其它形(xing)狀(zhuang)受(shou)力不均勻,不能耐高(gao)壓(ya),所以電熱水(shui)器耐壓(ya)性能達到最(zui)(zui)強(qiang),最(zui)(zui)好是(shi)選擇圓(yuan)形(xing)設計(ji)。
4、什(shen)么是水電(dian)分離(li)加熱器
真(zhen)正的(de)水電(dian)(dian)分離型加熱器是將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)熱絲置(zhi)入陶瓷(ci)管道槽內(nei)(nei),陶瓷(ci)管置(zhi)于不(bu)銹鋼筒(tong)內(nei)(nei),不(bu)銹鋼外壁與(yu)(yu)水接觸而確(que)保水與(yu)(yu)電(dian)(dian)的(de)絕對(dui)分離,使用再無后顧之憂。