【電熱水器原理】電熱水器的工作原理是什么(me) 電熱水器的分(fen)類有哪些
電熱水器的工作原理是什么
即熱式電熱水器的工作原理
即熱式電熱水器主要(yao)由(you)加(jia)熱槽(cao)板(ban)、壓力傳感器、功率調節(jie)器、水(shui)量調節(jie)龍頭、進水(shui)管和出水(shui)管部件等組(zu)成,其(qi)中加(jia)熱槽(cao)板(ban)是即熱式電熱水(shui)器的關鍵(jian)部件,由(you)槽(cao)權(quan)、密封圈、蓋和電熱元件組(zu)成,其(qi)電熱元件位于槽(cao)板(ban)的槽(cao)中。
即(ji)熱(re)式(shi)電(dian)熱(re)水器是(shi)采用直接(jie)傳導的加(jia)熱(re)方式(shi)進(jin)行工作的,由于電(dian)熱(re)元件(jian)置于槽(cao)板(ban)的槽(cao)中,所以當冷(leng)水流經槽(cao)中時便(bian)能直接(jie)流經電(dian)熱(re)元件(jian)表面而被(bei)加(jia)熱(re)。又因水槽(cao)似蛇形,所以進(jin)水口流入(ru)的冷(leng)水是(shi)逐(zhu)步(bu)被(bei)加(jia)熱(re)的,在出水口處便(bian)可得(de)到(dao)溫(wen)度較高的熱(re)水。
貯水式電熱水器的工作原理
貯水式電熱水器主(zhu)要由內(nei)服(fu)、保溫層、溫控器、加熱管、鎂棒等組成(cheng)。內(nei)膽用不銹鋼板、鋼板等制成(cheng),經受(shou)1.2MPa水壓(ya)檢驗不滲漏(lou);保溫層由聚(ju)氨酯整(zheng)體發泡(pao)而(er)成(cheng)。電(dian)熱水器帶有漏(lou)電(dian)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)、防(fang)干燒保護(hu)(hu)(hu)、防(fang)超(chao)溫保護(hu)(hu)(hu)等安全裝(zhuang)置。
通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)時(shi)(shi)(shi),加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)指示燈(deng)亮,當(dang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溫(wen)(wen)達到頂設溫(wen)(wen)度(du)時(shi)(shi)(shi),溫(wen)(wen)控(kong)器觸(chu)(chu)點斷(duan)開,加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)指示燈(deng)滅,電(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器處(chu)于(yu)(yu)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)狀(zhuang)態,此(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)每2小時(shi)(shi)(shi)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)約(yue)降低1℃左右(視保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)層的(de)(de)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)效(xiao)果而有所差(cha)異)、當(dang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溫(wen)(wen)比預設溫(wen)(wen)度(du)低幾(ji)度(du)(一(yi)般為7℃左右),溫(wen)(wen)控(kong)器觸(chu)(chu)點接通(tong)(tong),加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)指示燈(deng)亮,電(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器處(chu)于(yu)(yu)通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)狀(zhuang)態。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器處(chu)于(yu)(yu)干燒(shao)或過(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)狀(zhuang)態時(shi)(shi)(shi),過(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)溫(wen)(wen)控(kong)器內(nei)的(de)(de)雙金屬(shu)片閉(bi)合,使漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)插(cha)頭(tou)上的(de)(de)試(shi)驗按(an)(an)鈕(niu)觸(chu)(chu)電(dian)(dian)短(duan)路,漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)插(cha)頭(tou)動作(zuo),復(fu)(fu)值按(an)(an)鈕(niu)彈(dan)起(qi),加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)。熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)溫(wen)(wen)比過(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)溫(wen)(wen)控(kong)器動作(zuo)的(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)低25℃及(ji)以上時(shi)(shi)(shi),按(an)(an)下(xia)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)插(cha)頭(tou)上的(de)(de)復(fu)(fu)值按(an)(an)鈕(niu),電(dian)(dian)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian),熱(re)(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)器又處(chu)于(yu)(yu)正(zheng)常狀(zhuang)態;若是于(yu)(yu)燒(shao)情況(kuang),需要待加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)冷卻(約(yue)10分(fen)鐘后),才能加(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),加(jia)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)后,按(an)(an)下(xia)漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)插(cha)頭(tou)上的(de)(de)復(fu)(fu)值按(an)(an)鈕(niu),電(dian)(dian)加(jia)熱(re)(re)(re)管(guan)通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian),即可(ke)恢復(fu)(fu)正(zheng)常使用。
電熱水器的分類有哪些
電熱水器按(an)(an)儲(chu)水(shui)(shui)方式(shi)(shi)可(ke)(ke)分為(wei)即熱(re)(re)式(shi)(shi)和容積(ji)式(shi)(shi)(又(you)稱儲(chu)水(shui)(shui)式(shi)(shi)或(huo)儲(chu)熱(re)(re)式(shi)(shi))、速(su)熱(re)(re)式(shi)(shi)(又(you)稱半儲(chu)水(shui)(shui)式(shi)(shi))三種;容積(ji)式(shi)(shi)是電(dian)熱(re)(re)水(shui)(shui)器的主(zhu)要形式(shi)(shi),按(an)(an)安裝方式(shi)(shi)的不同,可(ke)(ke)進一步區分為(wei)立式(shi)(shi)、橫式(shi)(shi)及落地式(shi)(shi),按(an)(an)承壓(ya)與否,又(you)可(ke)(ke)區分為(wei)簡(jian)易式(shi)(shi)(敞開式(shi)(shi))和承壓(ya)式(shi)(shi)(封(feng)閉式(shi)(shi)),按(an)(an)容積(ji)大小(xiao)又(you)可(ke)(ke)區分為(wei)大容積(ji)與小(xiao)容積(ji)式(shi)(shi)。
1、即(ji)熱式(shi)和貯水式(shi)
即(ji)熱(re)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)器(qi)具有(you)(you)使用安(an)全(quan)、衛生、不受水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓限(xian)制,隨時(shi)可(ke)供熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui),水(shui)(shui)(shui)溫易調節等優點,在(zai)發達的(de)西(xi)方國家(jia)已廣(guang)泛地使用,即(ji)熱(re)式電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)器(qi)體積(ji)小,不須預熱(re),但功率(lv)大,通常(chang)在(zai)4-6kw以上,工作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流高(gao)達18-27A,我國大部分住宅的(de)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線路只能承受15A電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流,而且使用中易受水(shui)(shui)(shui)壓影響水(shui)(shui)(shui)溫。貯(zhu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)式熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)器(qi)的(de)功率(lv)常(chang)在(zai)1.2-2KW,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流6-9A之(zhi)間(jian),一般家(jia)庭線路可(ke)滿足(zu)。貯(zhu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)式具有(you)(you)自動恒(heng)溫保溫、停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時(shi)同(tong)樣可(ke)提供熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui),并(bing)可(ke)作為熱(re)水(shui)(shui)(shui)供應(ying)中心,供應(ying)多處用水(shui)(shui)(shui)。但體積(ji)大,須預熱(re)。
2、封(feng)閉式(shi)和敞開(kai)式(shi)
貯水式熱水器分為封閉式和敞開式兩種。敞開式熱水器內膽不耐壓,不能同時供應多處用水;封閉式電熱水器內膽可耐壓(ya)(ya),能同時供應(ying)多處用水。應(ying)選擇封閉式為宜受壓(ya)(ya)容器中,圓罐形(xing)結構能承(cheng)受壓(ya)(ya)力最大,所以產品圓罐設計最合理。
電熱水器選擇要點
1、內膽的選擇
貯水(shui)(shui)式電熱水(shui)(shui)器內膽(dan)是用(yong)來儲(chu)水(shui)(shui)的,它必須具(ju)備(bei)保(bao)溫(wen)、耐壓、不生銹、無水(shui)(shui)垢(gou)、不滲水(shui)(shui)的特性,一(yi)旦損壞(huai)難以(yi)修復,其壽命取(qu)決于(yu)內膽(dan)的材質和制造工藝(yi),選擇好的內膽(dan)是關鍵,目前市場上電熱水(shui)(shui)器的內膽(dan)有以(yi)下幾種:
(1)、鍍鋅板(ban)內膽(dan):鋅保(bao)護層只有0.06mm,內膽(dan)成形(xing)后不作(zuo)防銹處理,易生銹、壽命短。
(2)、不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)內膽:材質好,不(bu)易生(sheng)(sheng)銹(xiu)(xiu);但焊(han)縫隱(yin)患(huan)難(nan)以(yi)發現,經(jing)多次(ci)熱脹冷縮后,不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)中的鉻會(hui)被自來水中的氯離子腐蝕而(er)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)焊(han)縫漏(lou)水。
(3)、熱(re)鍍鋅覆防銹樹脂內(nei)膽:內(nei)膽成形后熱(re)鍍鋅,鋅合金保(bao)護層厚度在0.7mm以上,鋅含(han)金表(biao)面(mian)再覆防銹樹脂,壽命較短。
(4)、搪瓷內(nei)膽:內(nei)膽表面的(de)(de)瓷釉(you)為(wei)非(fei)(fei)金屬材料,既不生銹,也無水垢,厚鋼板制作,有(you)較(jiao)強的(de)(de)耐壓能力。高釉(you)包鋼內(nei)膽更(geng)是搪瓷內(nei)膽的(de)(de)最(zui)高等級,非(fei)(fei)但(dan)防腐(fu)蝕形好,還(huan)有(you)一定的(de)(de)保(bao)濕(shi)效(xiao)果,可長(chang)久使用。
2、電(dian)熱(re)水器的質量關(guan)鍵在哪里?
如同電冰箱的質量關鍵在壓縮機,電熱水器的(de)(de)(de)質量關鍵在于熱水(shui)(shui)器的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)膽(dan)。電熱水(shui)(shui)器的(de)(de)(de)內(nei)膽(dan)是用來貯水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de),它必須(xu)具(ju)備保溫、耐壓、不生銹、無水(shui)(shui)垢、不滲(shen)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點,要達到這種特(te)性,關鍵在于內(nei)膽(dan)材(cai)料的(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)用和內(nei)膽(dan)的(de)(de)(de)制作工藝(yi)流程(cheng)。
3、究竟是圓形(xing)的好(hao),還是方形(xing)的好(hao)?
現今最(zui)優質的國際名牌(pai)電(dian)熱水器都(dou)是圓罐形(xing)設計(ji),而不(bu)是方形(xing)設計(ji),道(dao)理很簡單,因為只(zhi)有圓罐形(xing)的設計(ji)受(shou)力最(zui)均勻(yun),最(zui)能(neng)(neng)承受(shou)高(gao)壓(ya),而方形(xing)或其(qi)它(ta)形(xing)狀受(shou)力不(bu)均勻(yun),不(bu)能(neng)(neng)耐(nai)高(gao)壓(ya),所(suo)以(yi)電(dian)熱水器耐(nai)壓(ya)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)達到最(zui)強,最(zui)好是選擇圓形(xing)設計(ji)。
4、什么是水電分(fen)離加熱器
真正的水電分離(li)型(xing)加熱(re)器(qi)是將電熱(re)絲(si)置入陶瓷管(guan)道(dao)槽內,陶瓷管(guan)置于不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)筒內,不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)外(wai)壁與水接觸而確(que)保水與電的絕對(dui)分離(li),使用再無后(hou)顧之憂(you)。