一、 直線電機和旋轉電機的區別
旋轉(zhuan)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)是指能(neng)夠將(jiang)電(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)化為機(ji)(ji)械能(neng),實現旋轉(zhuan)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji),包(bao)括直流電(dian)機(ji)(ji)、交流電(dian)機(ji)(ji)、步(bu)進(jin)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)等。直線電(dian)機(ji)(ji)則(ze)是指能(neng)夠將(jiang)電(dian)能(neng)轉(zhuan)化為直線運(yun)動(dong)(dong)的電(dian)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji),其工作原(yuan)理是利用電(dian)磁力將(jiang)線圈推動(dong)(dong)沿直線運(yun)動(dong)(dong),包(bao)括直線同步(bu)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)、線性(xing)感應(ying)電(dian)機(ji)(ji)等。
旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)與(yu)直(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的區別在于運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)方式不同。旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)通過(guo)旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)來完成工(gong)作,而直(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)則是通過(guo)直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)來完成工(gong)作。此外(wai),旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)通常需(xu)要(yao)通過(guo)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置將旋(xuan)(xuan)(xuan)轉(zhuan)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)化(hua)為機(ji)(ji)(ji)械工(gong)作,而直(zhi)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)則不需(xu)要(yao)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)裝置,直(zhi)接將電(dian)(dian)能轉(zhuan)化(hua)為直(zhi)線(xian)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)(dong)。
旋轉(zhuan)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的應用非(fei)常廣泛,包括電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車、機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)人(ren)、家(jia)電(dian)(dian)、工業(ye)自(zi)動(dong)化等領域。而直線電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)則(ze)主要應用于高速列車、電(dian)(dian)梯、醫療器(qi)(qi)械(xie)、印(yin)刷機(ji)(ji)等需要直線運動(dong)的場合。此外,直線電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)還可以(yi)用于制造機(ji)(ji)器(qi)(qi)人(ren)、機(ji)(ji)床等高精度設備。
二、直線電機與旋轉電機性能比較
直(zhi)線電(dian)機與旋轉電(dian)機相(xiang)比,主要有如下幾個特(te)點:
1、結構簡單
由于直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)電機不需要把旋(xuan)轉(zhuan)運動變成(cheng)直(zhi)(zhi)線(xian)運動的附加裝置,因而使得系統本(ben)身的結(jie)構(gou)大為簡化(hua),重(zhong)量和體積(ji)大大下(xia)降。
2、定位精度高
在需要直線運動的(de)地方(fang),直線電機(ji)可以(yi)實現直接傳動,因而(er)可以(yi)消除(chu)中間(jian)環節(jie)所帶來的(de)各種定位誤差,故定位精度(du)高,如采用(yong)微機(ji)控制,則還可以(yi)大(da)大(da)地提高整個系(xi)統的(de)定位精度(du)。
3、反應速度快、靈敏度高,隨動性好
直線電機容易做到(dao)其(qi)動子(zi)用磁懸浮支(zhi)撐(cheng),因而(er)使(shi)得動子(zi)和定(ding)子(zi)之間始終保持一定(ding)的氣隙(xi)而(er)不接觸,這就(jiu)消除了定(ding)、動子(zi)間的接觸摩擦(ca)阻力,因而(er)大大地(di)提高了系統的靈敏(min)度、快速性(xing)和隨動性(xing)。
4、工作安全可靠、壽命長
直線電機可以實現無接觸傳(chuan)遞力(li),機械摩(mo)擦損耗幾乎為零,所(suo)以故障少,免維修(xiu),因而工作安(an)全可靠、壽命長。