【大芯(xin)板(ban)選購(gou)】如(ru)何選購(gou)大芯(xin)板(ban) 教你分(fen)辨大芯(xin)板(ban)質量好壞

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大芯板又(you)稱(cheng)(cheng)細木工板(ban)(ban)，是(shi)家庭裝(zhuang)修的(de)(de)主要(yao)材(cai)料之(zhi)一。它的(de)(de)芯用天然木條拼接而成(cheng)，上(shang)下分別貼(tie)有一層木表(biao)皮(pi)。消費(fei)者(zhe)一般只能(neng)看到大芯板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)外(wai)表(biao)，也許覺(jue)得(de)無論是(shi)品牌(pai)(pai)還是(shi)雜牌(pai)(pai)的(de)(de)大芯板(ban)(ban)從表(biao)面(mian)上(shang)看差別不大。那(nei)么，如(ru)何甄別大芯板(ban)(ban)質量的(de)(de)好壞? 其實并不難(nan)，只要(yao)掌握大芯板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)四個特性——平整性、勻稱(cheng)(cheng)性、穩定(ding)性和環保性，便可以(yi)助你買到優質的(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)。

1.平整性：外表要平整光滑

大芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)質量是否合(he)格，最(zui)直觀(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)檢查方法是看其外(wai)觀(guan)(guan)。大芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)最(zui)外(wai)層是單(dan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)，優質的(de)(de)單(dan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)厚度在0.35毫米以上。一(yi)般正規(gui)廠家(jia)生產的(de)(de)單(dan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)經過(guo)雙面砂(sha)光處理(li)，外(wai)觀(guan)(guan)平(ping)整，板(ban)(ban)(ban)面光滑，表面也沒有明顯(xian)的(de)(de)色差(cha)。而劣質的(de)(de)大芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)由于生產工(gong)藝不(bu)過(guo)關，表面往往做工(gong)粗(cu)糙，有毛刺(ci)、凹凸不(bu)平(ping)等情(qing)況。

提醒：檢查平(ping)整(zheng)性時，消費者要用手(shou)去(qu)觸摸，光滑感越強(qiang)，說明板材(cai)表面(mian)處理越到位(wei)。

2.勻稱性：芯板木條拼接要勻稱

大(da)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)是(shi)否牢固耐用，關鍵在(zai)(zai)第(di)三層(ceng)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的用材及工(gong)藝。選購時，從(cong)側面(mian)(mian)觀察(cha)(cha)大(da)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)構造也(ye)非常重要。拿到一塊大(da)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)，要仔(zi)細觀察(cha)(cha)其側面(mian)(mian)結構，特別是(shi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)的組合木(mu)(mu)(mu)條(tiao)(tiao)。市面(mian)(mian)上大(da)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)木(mu)(mu)(mu)條(tiao)(tiao)多為杉木(mu)(mu)(mu)，正規(gui)廠家生產的板(ban)(ban)(ban)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)木(mu)(mu)(mu)條(tiao)(tiao)比例均勻，單片寬度在(zai)(zai)5厘米左右。消費者選購時，除(chu)了檢查芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)木(mu)(mu)(mu)條(tiao)(tiao)的寬度，還要檢查兩塊芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)木(mu)(mu)(mu)條(tiao)(tiao)是(shi)否拼接緊密(mi)，有(you)沒有(you)明顯的縫(feng)隙(xi)。

劣質的(de)大芯板木條(tiao)拼接(jie)不緊密，縫隙明(ming)(ming)顯。有(you)的(de)廠家(jia)為了(le)掩蓋這一缺陷，用膩子、石膏粉(fen)等材(cai)料填充在木條(tiao)的(de)縫隙。消費者可查看大芯板側(ce)邊，若看到有(you)補(bu)膠、補(bu)膩子現象，說明(ming)(ming)其(qi)內部(bu)可能有(you)縫隙或空洞。

提(ti)醒：如果商家(jia)允(yun)許，消(xiao)費(fei)者可(ke)鋸下大芯(xin)(xin)板(ban)的一角，觀察其(qi)內(nei)部木芯(xin)(xin)的結構。中間拼接的小木條(tiao)不能使(shi)用有樹(shu)皮、蛀孔(kong)和死結的木材。質量較好的大芯(xin)(xin)板(ban)，木條(tiao)之間的銜接很密實(shi)。

3.穩定性：中板越厚板材越穩定

大芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)由(you)內(nei)到外(wai)可分為芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、中板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)面板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)三層(ceng)。大芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)第二層(ceng)面板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)通常稱為中板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，主(zhu)要起到穩定芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)木條的(de)作用，所(suo)以中板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)越厚，大芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)穩定性越好。上(shang)方(fang)(fang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)的(de)中板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)較薄，容易造成大芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)抗(kang)彎(wan)曲(qu)度(du)不足，下方(fang)(fang)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)的(de)中板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)厚度(du)合適(shi)。

由于大芯(xin)板(ban)屬(shu)于多層結(jie)構，每(mei)(mei)層材料(liao)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)高低都會影響總體(ti)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。一(yi)些小(xiao)廠家生產的(de)大芯(xin)板(ban)為了節(jie)省成(cheng)本，使(shi)用的(de)中(zhong)板(ban)很(hen)薄，造(zao)成(cheng)大芯(xin)板(ban)的(de)抗彎(wan)曲(qu)度(du)不足(zu)。如(ru)果用力彎(wan)折(zhe)，此類大芯(xin)板(ban)容(rong)易從兩片芯(xin)板(ban)木條的(de)縫隙處裂開(kai)。此外，很(hen)多商家銷(xiao)售板(ban)材時都是疊加(jia)堆放，消費者挑選大芯(xin)板(ban)時，可以先看這疊板(ban)材中(zhong)每(mei)(mei)塊板(ban)材的(de)側面，觀察其中(zhong)板(ban)厚度(du)是否一(yi)致(zhi)。若厚度(du)基(ji)本一(yi)致(zhi)，說明板(ban)材加(jia)工工藝水準較(jiao)高，質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)也有(you)保障。

提醒：鑒(jian)別大芯(xin)板(ban)的質(zhi)量(liang)，還可(ke)以(yi)敲(qiao)擊板(ban)材(cai)表面，聽(ting)一聽(ting)聲音(yin)的差異，如果聲音(yin)有變化，說明板(ban)材(cai)內部存(cun)在空洞。這(zhe)樣的板(ban)材(cai)整體(ti)強度較弱，長期受力不均會使(shi)板(ban)材(cai)結構發生(sheng)扭曲、變形，影響(xiang)外觀及使(shi)用。

4.環保性：環保板材看等級

大芯板在芯板木條拼接以及板芯與表面單板膠合時都要使用膠水，這樣或多或少釋放游離甲醛。當游離甲醛含量超過一定范圍時，會影響人體健康。因此，環保細木工板與劣質細木工板的主要區別在于膠水的(de)好(hao)壞。專(zhuan)家表示，由(you)于消(xiao)費者(zhe)無法(fa)現場驗(yan)證大(da)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)甲(jia)醛(quan)釋放(fang)量(liang)是(shi)否超標，所(suo)以(yi)可以(yi)聞(wen)(wen)一(yi)聞(wen)(wen)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材的(de)氣(qi)味(wei)，對(dui)大(da)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)環保性進行初步判斷。若(ruo)使用的(de)膠(jiao)水是(shi)環保膠(jiao)，大(da)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)只有(you)干(gan)燥的(de)木(mu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)味(wei)，聞(wen)(wen)不(bu)到刺鼻的(de)甲(jia)醛(quan)味(wei)道。如果(guo)大(da)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)散(san)發出(chu)刺鼻氣(qi)味(wei)，說(shuo)明甲(jia)醛(quan)釋放(fang)量(liang)較(jiao)高。此外，消(xiao)費者(zhe)不(bu)能只關注商家提供的(de)大(da)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)樣品(pin)，還要聞(wen)(wen)一(yi)聞(wen)(wen)堆放(fang)在(zai)賣(mai)場里的(de)其他板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材。因(yin)為樣品(pin)可能由(you)于長時(shi)間存放(fang)，異味(wei)已經散(san)發殆盡，所(suo)以(yi)消(xiao)費者(zhe)應該靠近(jin)成堆擺(bai)放(fang)特別是(shi)壓(ya)在(zai)中間的(de)大(da)芯(xin)(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)聞(wen)(wen)一(yi)聞(wen)(wen)，是(shi)否有(you)刺鼻的(de)氣(qi)味(wei)。

提(ti)醒：驗證大(da)芯(xin)板(ban)(ban)是否環(huan)(huan)保，還可查看其(qi)板(ban)(ban)身或檢測(ce)報(bao)告(gao)上的(de)環(huan)(huan)保等級(ji)。大(da)芯(xin)板(ban)(ban)根據環(huan)(huan)保標準分為(wei)E0級(ji)、E1級(ji)、E2級(ji)，E0級(ji)大(da)芯(xin)板(ban)(ban)的(de)甲醛(quan)(quan)釋(shi)放(fang)量(liang)≤0.5毫克/升(sheng)，E1級(ji)甲醛(quan)(quan)釋(shi)放(fang)量(liang)≤1.5毫克/升(sheng)，E2級(ji)甲醛(quan)(quan)釋(shi)放(fang)量(liang)≤5毫克/升(sheng)。其(qi)中，E2級(ji)大(da)芯(xin)板(ban)(ban)的(de)環(huan)(huan)保性能較差，不能直(zhi)接用于室內裝修。消費者選購時要注(zhu)意區分。