【大芯板(ban)選購】如(ru)何選購大芯板(ban) 教你分辨大芯板(ban)質量好壞

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大芯板又稱(cheng)細木工板(ban)，是(shi)家庭裝(zhuang)修的(de)主要材(cai)料之一(yi)。它的(de)芯(xin)用天(tian)然木條拼(pin)接而成，上(shang)(shang)下(xia)分別(bie)貼有(you)一(yi)層(ceng)木表(biao)皮(pi)。消費者一(yi)般只能(neng)看(kan)到大芯(xin)板(ban)的(de)外表(biao)，也許(xu)覺得(de)無(wu)論(lun)是(shi)品牌(pai)還(huan)是(shi)雜牌(pai)的(de)大芯(xin)板(ban)從(cong)表(biao)面上(shang)(shang)看(kan)差別(bie)不大。那么，如何甄(zhen)別(bie)大芯(xin)板(ban)質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)好壞? 其實并不難，只要掌握大芯(xin)板(ban)的(de)四個特性(xing)(xing)——平整性(xing)(xing)、勻(yun)稱(cheng)性(xing)(xing)、穩定性(xing)(xing)和環保性(xing)(xing)，便可以(yi)助你買(mai)到優質(zhi)的(de)板(ban)材(cai)。

1.平整性：外表要平整光滑

大(da)(da)芯(xin)板(ban)的(de)(de)質量(liang)是(shi)否(fou)合(he)格，最直(zhi)觀的(de)(de)檢查方(fang)法是(shi)看其外觀。大(da)(da)芯(xin)板(ban)的(de)(de)最外層是(shi)單板(ban)，優(you)質的(de)(de)單板(ban)厚(hou)度在0.35毫米以上(shang)。一(yi)般正(zheng)規(gui)廠家生產的(de)(de)單板(ban)經過雙面(mian)砂光處理，外觀平(ping)整，板(ban)面(mian)光滑，表(biao)面(mian)也沒有(you)明顯的(de)(de)色差(cha)。而劣質的(de)(de)大(da)(da)芯(xin)板(ban)由于生產工(gong)藝不過關，表(biao)面(mian)往往做工(gong)粗糙，有(you)毛刺、凹凸不平(ping)等情況。

提醒：檢(jian)查平(ping)整性(xing)時，消費者要用手(shou)去(qu)觸摸，光滑感(gan)越強，說明板材表面(mian)處理越到位(wei)。

2.勻稱性：芯板木條拼接要勻稱

大(da)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)是否(fou)牢(lao)固(gu)耐用，關鍵在第三(san)層芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)用材及工藝。選(xuan)購時，從側面觀(guan)察(cha)(cha)大(da)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)構造也(ye)非常重要(yao)(yao)。拿(na)到一塊(kuai)大(da)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，要(yao)(yao)仔細觀(guan)察(cha)(cha)其(qi)側面結構，特別是板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)芯的(de)組合木(mu)條。市面上大(da)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)木(mu)條多為杉木(mu)，正規廠家生產(chan)的(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)木(mu)條比例均勻(yun)，單片寬度在5厘米左右。消費(fei)者選(xuan)購時，除(chu)了檢查芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)木(mu)條的(de)寬度，還要(yao)(yao)檢查兩塊(kuai)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)木(mu)條是否(fou)拼接緊密(mi)，有沒有明(ming)顯的(de)縫隙。

劣(lie)質的大芯板木條拼接不緊密，縫隙(xi)明顯。有的廠家為了掩蓋這(zhe)一缺陷，用膩子、石(shi)膏粉等材料填充在木條的縫隙(xi)。消費者可查看(kan)大芯板側邊，若看(kan)到有補(bu)膠、補(bu)膩子現象，說(shuo)明其內(nei)部(bu)可能有縫隙(xi)或空洞(dong)。

提醒：如果商家允許，消(xiao)費(fei)者(zhe)可鋸下大(da)(da)芯板的一角，觀察(cha)其(qi)內部木(mu)芯的結構。中(zhong)間(jian)拼接(jie)的小(xiao)木(mu)條(tiao)不能使用有樹(shu)皮(pi)、蛀孔(kong)和死結的木(mu)材。質量(liang)較好的大(da)(da)芯板，木(mu)條(tiao)之間(jian)的銜(xian)接(jie)很密實。

3.穩定性：中板越厚板材越穩定

大(da)(da)芯(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)由內(nei)到(dao)外可分為(wei)芯(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)、中(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)和面板(ban)(ban)(ban)三層。大(da)(da)芯(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)第(di)二層面板(ban)(ban)(ban)通常(chang)稱為(wei)中(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)，主要起(qi)到(dao)穩(wen)定芯(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)木條的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，所以(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)越(yue)厚(hou)，大(da)(da)芯(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)穩(wen)定性越(yue)好。上方板(ban)(ban)(ban)材的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)較薄(bo)，容(rong)易造成大(da)(da)芯(xin)板(ban)(ban)(ban)抗彎曲度不足，下方板(ban)(ban)(ban)材的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)厚(hou)度合適。

由于大(da)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)屬于多層結(jie)構，每(mei)層材(cai)料的(de)質量高低(di)都會(hui)影響總(zong)體(ti)質量。一(yi)些小廠家生產(chan)的(de)大(da)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)為了節省成本，使用的(de)中(zhong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)很薄，造成大(da)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)抗彎(wan)曲度不足。如(ru)果用力彎(wan)折，此(ci)類大(da)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)容(rong)易從兩片(pian)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)木(mu)條的(de)縫隙處裂開。此(ci)外，很多商家銷售板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)時都是疊(die)加堆放，消費者挑選(xuan)大(da)芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)時，可以先看這疊(die)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)中(zhong)每(mei)塊(kuai)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)的(de)側面，觀察其中(zhong)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)厚(hou)度是否(fou)一(yi)致。若厚(hou)度基本一(yi)致，說明板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)加工(gong)工(gong)藝水準較高，質量也(ye)有保障。

提醒(xing)：鑒別大芯板的(de)質量，還可以(yi)敲(qiao)擊板材表面，聽一聽聲音(yin)(yin)的(de)差異，如果聲音(yin)(yin)有(you)變(bian)化，說(shuo)明(ming)板材內部(bu)存(cun)在空(kong)洞。這(zhe)樣的(de)板材整體強度(du)較弱，長期受力不均會使板材結構發(fa)生(sheng)扭曲、變(bian)形，影響外觀及使用。

4.環保性：環保板材看等級

大芯板在芯板木條拼接以及板芯與表面單板膠合時都要使用膠水，這樣或多或少釋放游離甲醛。當游離甲醛含量超過一定范圍時，會影響人體健康。因此，環保細木工板與劣質細木工板的主要區別在于膠水的(de)好壞。專家(jia)表示，由(you)于(yu)消費(fei)者無(wu)法(fa)現場驗(yan)證大芯(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)的(de)甲醛釋放(fang)(fang)量是否超(chao)標，所(suo)以可以聞(wen)(wen)(wen)一聞(wen)(wen)(wen)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)的(de)氣(qi)(qi)味，對大芯(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)環保性(xing)進行初步判斷。若使用的(de)膠水(shui)是環保膠，大芯(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)只有干燥的(de)木板(ban)(ban)味，聞(wen)(wen)(wen)不到刺鼻(bi)的(de)甲醛味道。如果大芯(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)散發出刺鼻(bi)氣(qi)(qi)味，說明甲醛釋放(fang)(fang)量較高。此外，消費(fei)者不能只關注商家(jia)提供的(de)大芯(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)樣品(pin)，還(huan)要聞(wen)(wen)(wen)一聞(wen)(wen)(wen)堆放(fang)(fang)在賣場里的(de)其他(ta)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)。因為(wei)樣品(pin)可能由(you)于(yu)長時間存(cun)放(fang)(fang)，異味已經散發殆盡(jin)，所(suo)以消費(fei)者應該靠近成堆擺放(fang)(fang)特別是壓在中間的(de)大芯(xin)(xin)板(ban)(ban)聞(wen)(wen)(wen)一聞(wen)(wen)(wen)，是否有刺鼻(bi)的(de)氣(qi)(qi)味。

提醒：驗(yan)證大(da)芯(xin)板(ban)是否環保，還可(ke)查看其(qi)板(ban)身或(huo)檢(jian)測報告上的環保等級(ji)(ji)。大(da)芯(xin)板(ban)根據環保標準分(fen)為E0級(ji)(ji)、E1級(ji)(ji)、E2級(ji)(ji)，E0級(ji)(ji)大(da)芯(xin)板(ban)的甲(jia)醛(quan)(quan)釋放(fang)量≤0.5毫克(ke)/升，E1級(ji)(ji)甲(jia)醛(quan)(quan)釋放(fang)量≤1.5毫克(ke)/升，E2級(ji)(ji)甲(jia)醛(quan)(quan)釋放(fang)量≤5毫克(ke)/升。其(qi)中，E2級(ji)(ji)大(da)芯(xin)板(ban)的環保性能(neng)(neng)較差(cha)，不能(neng)(neng)直(zhi)接(jie)用于室內裝修。消費者(zhe)選(xuan)購時要(yao)注意區分(fen)。