筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)電池電芯是什(shen)么 筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)電池電芯材(cai)料種類(lei)介(jie)紹

筆記本電(dian)池(chi)指的是將化(hua)學能(neng)(neng)、光能(neng)(neng)、原子(zi)能(neng)(neng)等(deng)其它(ta)形式的能(neng)(neng)轉化(hua)為(wei)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)的裝(zhuang)置，并(bing)且轉換的電(dian)能(neng)(neng)能(neng)(neng)夠適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)筆記本電(dian)腦。它(ta)分為(wei)一次電(dian)池(chi)（俗稱(cheng)干(gan)電(dian)池(chi)）和二次電(dian)池(chi)（即可反復充電(dian)電(dian)池(chi)），隨著技術的進步和發(fa)展(zhan)，電(dian)池(chi)經(jing)歷了鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)到鎳氫(qing)電(dian)池(chi)、鋰電(dian)池(chi)（包括(kuo)金屬鋰電(dian)池(chi)和鋰聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)電(dian)池(chi)）和正(zheng)在發(fa)展(zhan)中的燃料電(dian)池(chi)等(deng)。每(mei)一次技術革新不但使電(dian)池(chi)在容(rong)量、重(zhong)量、使用(yong)(yong)的方便程度的方面有重(zhong)大(da)的突破，而且也變(bian)得越來越環保。

筆記本電池的種類和特性：

鎳鎘電池（Ni-Cd）

它是筆(bi)記(ji)(ji)本所使用的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)池中的(de)(de)(de)元老級人物，但是由(you)于它有嚴重的(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)憶效應(ying)以(yi)及所使用的(de)(de)(de)陽極材料鎳（Ni）有毒和對環(huan)境會產生污染，因此很快就被筆(bi)記(ji)(ji)本嫌棄了，取而代之(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)是更優秀的(de)(de)(de)鎳氫電(dian)池。

鎳氫電池（Ni-MH）

它(ta)(ta)與鎳鎘電池結構原理基本相同(tong)，只(zhi)(zhi)是將陰極(ji)換成性(xing)能更(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)好、更(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)環保的(de)無毒(du)的(de)鎳－金屬氫化物材料。雖然(ran)(ran)只(zhi)(zhi)是小小的(de)改變，但卻帶來了(le)性(xing)能上的(de)極(ji)大提高(gao)(gao)。它(ta)(ta)還有一個優(you)點就是記憶效應不明顯，這樣就使我們不用(yong)再為(wei)那討厭的(de)記憶效應煩惱從而更(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)加方便使用(yong)。雖然(ran)(ran)鎳氫電池的(de)性(xing)能十分不錯，但隨著技術的(de)進步它(ta)(ta)被質量更(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)輕、能量密度更(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)高(gao)(gao)的(de)鋰電池所替代，成了(le)筆記本電池歷史中的(de)昨日黃花。

鋰電池

很多人認為(wei)說到鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)就是(shi)指(zhi)我(wo)們現(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)常用(yong)的(de)鋰(li)聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)，其實鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)包(bao)括金(jin)屬鋰(li)離(li)子電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)（Li－MO2）和鋰(li)聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)（Li－ion）兩種。因為(wei)Li－MO2電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)在(zai)(zai)1989年進入市場時發生著火爆炸事件(jian)而夭折，因而它很快(kuai)從(cong)人們的(de)視線中消失，取而代之的(de)是(shi)更安全的(de)鋰(li)聚(ju)合(he)(he)物(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)。它重量(liang)輕，在(zai)(zai)同容量(liang)的(de)情況下它重量(liang)只有鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)1/2左右(you)，因此它迅速(su)成(cheng)為(wei)移動便攜設備的(de)新(xin)寵兒，被大多數筆(bi)記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦所使用(yong)，是(shi)現(xian)(xian)在(zai)(zai)筆(bi)記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)中的(de)中堅力量(liang)。

燃料電池（Fuel Cell）

燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)(shi)筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)未來新星，它有很多(duo)種類，包括質(zhi)子(zi)(zi)交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)膜(mo)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)（PEM）、堿性燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)（AFC）和(he)固體氧化(hua)物燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)（SOFC）等(deng)多(duo)種，但由(you)于燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)啟動時間和(he)運行溫度等(deng)原因實(shi)際上(shang)適合(he)(he)筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)只有質(zhi)子(zi)(zi)交(jiao)換(huan)(huan)膜(mo)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)（PEM）。PEM燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)是(shi)(shi)甲醇等(deng)，由(you)正(zheng)、負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極組成(cheng)(cheng)它發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)原理(li)是(shi)(shi)經(jing)過對(dui)甲醇進(jin)行氫重整后輸入(ru)負極，氧輸入(ru)正(zheng)極，通(tong)過催化(hua)劑(ji)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，氫原子(zi)(zi)轉變為質(zhi)子(zi)(zi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)，由(you)不同路徑進(jin)入(ru)正(zheng)極，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)通(tong)過內部循環產(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，質(zhi)子(zi)(zi)通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液達到正(zheng)極，與(yu)氧和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)結合(he)(he)后產(chan)生(sheng)水和(he)熱(re)。專家們一致(zhi)認為，制(zhi)約燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)商業應用(yong)(yong)最大的(de)(de)因素是(shi)(shi)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)要使用(yong)(yong)金屬鉑（Pt）即白金做催化(hua)劑(ji)使生(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)一直居(ju)高(gao)不下，目前燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)在500～1000美元/千(qian)瓦。研究顯示，只有當燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)降至50美元/千(qian)瓦左右的(de)(de)水平時才能真正(zheng)為消費者所(suo)接受。燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)高(gao)的(de)(de)主要原因是(shi)(shi)尚未形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)批量生(sheng)產(chan)，一旦進(jin)入(ru)大批量生(sheng)產(chan)階段，燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)信息肯定會(hui)大大降低。

鋰(li)(li)聚(ju)合物電(dian)(dian)池的單位(wei)能(neng)量比目前的一般鋰(li)(li)離子電(dian)(dian)池提(ti)高了10%，安全性也大大提(ti)高，符合經濟(ji)性和(he)設計(ji)原則，因此，市面上主要銷售的大多數(shu)是鋰(li)(li)聚(ju)合物材(cai)質筆記本電(dian)(dian)池。