筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)電池電芯是什么 筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)電池電芯材料種類介(jie)紹

筆記(ji)本電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)指的(de)(de)是(shi)將化(hua)學能(neng)(neng)、光能(neng)(neng)、原子(zi)能(neng)(neng)等其它形式的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)轉化(hua)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)裝置，并(bing)且轉換的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)能(neng)(neng)夠適用(yong)于(yu)筆記(ji)本電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦。它分為一次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（俗稱干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)）和(he)(he)二(er)次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（即(ji)可反復充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)），隨(sui)著技(ji)術的(de)(de)進(jin)步和(he)(he)發(fa)展(zhan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)經歷了鎳鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)到鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（包括金屬鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)(he)鋰(li)聚(ju)合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)）和(he)(he)正在發(fa)展(zhan)中的(de)(de)燃料電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等。每一次技(ji)術革新不但使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在容量(liang)、重量(liang)、使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)方(fang)便程度的(de)(de)方(fang)面(mian)有重大的(de)(de)突(tu)破，而且也(ye)變得越來越環(huan)保(bao)。

筆記本電池的種類和特性：

鎳鎘電池（Ni-Cd）

它(ta)(ta)是筆(bi)記本所使用的(de)電池中的(de)元老級人(ren)物，但是由于它(ta)(ta)有嚴重的(de)記憶效應以及所使用的(de)陽極材料鎳（Ni）有毒和對(dui)環境會產生污染，因此很快就被筆(bi)記本嫌棄(qi)了，取而代之的(de)是更優秀的(de)鎳氫電池。

鎳氫電池（Ni-MH）

它與鎳鎘(ge)電池(chi)結構(gou)原理基本相同，只是(shi)將陰極(ji)換(huan)成性能(neng)更(geng)(geng)好、更(geng)(geng)環保的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)毒的(de)(de)(de)鎳－金屬氫(qing)化(hua)物(wu)材料。雖然(ran)只是(shi)小(xiao)小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)改變(bian)，但(dan)卻帶來了性能(neng)上的(de)(de)(de)極(ji)大提高。它還有一個(ge)優點就是(shi)記憶效應(ying)不明顯(xian)，這樣就使(shi)我們不用再為那討厭的(de)(de)(de)記憶效應(ying)煩(fan)惱從而更(geng)(geng)加方便使(shi)用。雖然(ran)鎳氫(qing)電池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)性能(neng)十分不錯(cuo)，但(dan)隨(sui)著(zhu)技術的(de)(de)(de)進步(bu)它被質量更(geng)(geng)輕、能(neng)量密度更(geng)(geng)高的(de)(de)(de)鋰電池(chi)所替(ti)代，成了筆記本電池(chi)歷(li)史中的(de)(de)(de)昨日黃(huang)花。

鋰電池

很多人認為(wei)說到鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)就是指我們(men)現(xian)在(zai)(zai)常用的(de)(de)鋰(li)聚(ju)合物(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，其實鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)包括金屬鋰(li)離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（Li－MO2）和鋰(li)聚(ju)合物(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（Li－ion）兩種。因為(wei)Li－MO2電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在(zai)(zai)1989年(nian)進(jin)入(ru)市(shi)場(chang)時發(fa)生著火爆炸事件而夭折，因而它很快從人們(men)的(de)(de)視線中(zhong)消失，取而代之的(de)(de)是更安(an)全的(de)(de)鋰(li)聚(ju)合物(wu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。它重(zhong)量輕(qing)，在(zai)(zai)同容量的(de)(de)情況下它重(zhong)量只(zhi)有鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)1/2左(zuo)右，因此它迅(xun)速成為(wei)移動便攜設備的(de)(de)新寵兒，被大多數筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)腦所使用，是現(xian)在(zai)(zai)筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中(zhong)的(de)(de)中(zhong)堅力量。

燃料電池（Fuel Cell）

燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)(ben)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)未(wei)來(lai)新星，它有(you)(you)很(hen)多種(zhong)類，包(bao)括質(zhi)子(zi)交換膜(mo)(mo)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)（PEM）、堿(jian)性燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)（AFC）和(he)固體氧化(hua)物燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)（SOFC）等多種(zhong)，但由(you)(you)于燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)啟動時間和(he)運行溫度等原(yuan)因(yin)實際上(shang)適合筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)(ben)電(dian)(dian)腦使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)只有(you)(you)質(zhi)子(zi)交換膜(mo)(mo)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)（PEM）。PEM燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)是(shi)甲醇等，由(you)(you)正(zheng)、負(fu)電(dian)(dian)極組成(cheng)它發(fa)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)理是(shi)經過(guo)對(dui)甲醇進(jin)行氫重整后(hou)輸入負(fu)極，氧輸入正(zheng)極，通過(guo)催化(hua)劑(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用，氫原(yuan)子(zi)轉(zhuan)變為(wei)質(zhi)子(zi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)，由(you)(you)不同路(lu)徑進(jin)入正(zheng)極，電(dian)(dian)子(zi)通過(guo)內部循環(huan)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)電(dian)(dian)，質(zhi)子(zi)通過(guo)電(dian)(dian)解液達到正(zheng)極，與氧和(he)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)結合后(hou)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)水(shui)和(he)熱。專家們一(yi)致認為(wei)，制(zhi)約燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)商業應用最大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素是(shi)燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)要使用金屬鉑(bo)（Pt）即白金做催化(hua)劑(ji)(ji)使生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)一(yi)直居(ju)高不下，目前燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)在(zai)500～1000美元/千瓦。研究(jiu)顯示，只有(you)(you)當燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)降至(zhi)50美元/千瓦左右的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)平時才能真正(zheng)為(wei)消費(fei)者所(suo)接受。燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)成(cheng)本(ben)(ben)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要原(yuan)因(yin)是(shi)尚未(wei)形成(cheng)批(pi)(pi)量生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)，一(yi)旦(dan)進(jin)入大(da)(da)(da)批(pi)(pi)量生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)階段，燃(ran)(ran)(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)信息肯定會大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)降低。

鋰聚合物(wu)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)單位(wei)能量比目前的(de)(de)(de)一般鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池(chi)提(ti)高了10%，安全性也大大提(ti)高，符(fu)合經濟性和設計原則(ze)，因(yin)此，市面(mian)上(shang)主要銷售的(de)(de)(de)大多(duo)數是(shi)鋰聚合物(wu)材質筆記(ji)本電(dian)池(chi)。