筆記(ji)本電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)芯(xin)是什(shen)么 筆記(ji)本電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)芯(xin)材料(liao)種類介紹(shao)

筆(bi)記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)指的(de)是將(jiang)化學能(neng)(neng)、光能(neng)(neng)、原子能(neng)(neng)等其它形式的(de)能(neng)(neng)轉化為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的(de)裝置，并且轉換的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)能(neng)(neng)夠適用于筆(bi)記本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦。它分為一次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（俗(su)稱(cheng)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)）和二次電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（即可反復充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)），隨著技術(shu)的(de)進步和發(fa)展(zhan)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)經歷了鎳(nie)鎘電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)到鎳(nie)氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)、鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（包括金屬鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和鋰聚合(he)物電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)）和正在發(fa)展(zhan)中的(de)燃料電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)等。每(mei)一次技術(shu)革新不但使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)在容量、重量、使(shi)用的(de)方便程(cheng)度的(de)方面有重大的(de)突破(po)，而且也變得越(yue)來越(yue)環保。

筆記本電池的種類和特性：

鎳鎘電池（Ni-Cd）

它(ta)是筆記本(ben)所使(shi)用(yong)的電池(chi)中的元老級(ji)人物，但是由于它(ta)有嚴重的記憶效(xiao)應以及所使(shi)用(yong)的陽(yang)極材料鎳(nie)（Ni）有毒和對環境會產生污染，因此很(hen)快就(jiu)被筆記本(ben)嫌棄了，取(qu)而(er)代之(zhi)的是更(geng)優(you)秀(xiu)的鎳(nie)氫(qing)電池(chi)。

鎳氫電池（Ni-MH）

它(ta)與(yu)鎳鎘電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)結構(gou)原理基本相同(tong)，只是(shi)將陰極換(huan)成性(xing)能更(geng)好、更(geng)環保的(de)(de)無毒的(de)(de)鎳－金(jin)屬(shu)氫化(hua)物材(cai)料。雖然只是(shi)小小的(de)(de)改變，但卻帶來了性(xing)能上的(de)(de)極大提高。它(ta)還有(you)一個優點(dian)就(jiu)是(shi)記(ji)憶效應不(bu)明顯，這(zhe)樣就(jiu)使(shi)我(wo)們不(bu)用再為(wei)那討厭的(de)(de)記(ji)憶效應煩(fan)惱從(cong)而(er)更(geng)加(jia)方便使(shi)用。雖然鎳氫電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)性(xing)能十分不(bu)錯，但隨著技(ji)術的(de)(de)進步它(ta)被質量更(geng)輕、能量密度更(geng)高的(de)(de)鋰電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)所替代，成了筆(bi)記(ji)本電(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)歷史中的(de)(de)昨日(ri)黃(huang)花。

鋰電池

很多(duo)人(ren)認為說到鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)就(jiu)是(shi)指我們現在常用的(de)(de)鋰(li)(li)聚(ju)合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，其實(shi)鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)包括金(jin)屬鋰(li)(li)離子電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（Li－MO2）和鋰(li)(li)聚(ju)合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（Li－ion）兩種(zhong)。因為Li－MO2電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)在1989年(nian)進入市場時(shi)發生著火爆(bao)炸事件而夭折，因而它很快(kuai)從人(ren)們的(de)(de)視(shi)線(xian)中消失，取(qu)而代之的(de)(de)是(shi)更安全(quan)的(de)(de)鋰(li)(li)聚(ju)合物電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)。它重量(liang)輕，在同(tong)容量(liang)的(de)(de)情況下它重量(liang)只有(you)鎳(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)1/2左右，因此它迅速成為移動便攜設備的(de)(de)新(xin)寵兒(er)，被大多(duo)數筆記(ji)本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦所使用，是(shi)現在筆記(ji)本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)中的(de)(de)中堅(jian)力量(liang)。

燃料電池（Fuel Cell）

燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)是(shi)筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)未(wei)來新星，它有很多種類，包括質(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)膜燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（PEM）、堿性燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（AFC）和(he)固體氧(yang)化物(wu)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（SOFC）等多種，但(dan)由(you)于燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)啟(qi)動時間和(he)運行(xing)(xing)溫度(du)等原(yuan)(yuan)因實際上適(shi)合(he)(he)筆(bi)記(ji)本(ben)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦(nao)使(shi)用的(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)只有質(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)交(jiao)(jiao)換(huan)膜燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)（PEM）。PEM燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)使(shi)用的(de)(de)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)是(shi)甲醇等，由(you)正(zheng)、負(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極(ji)組(zu)成(cheng)它發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)理是(shi)經過(guo)(guo)對甲醇進(jin)行(xing)(xing)氫(qing)重整后輸(shu)入負(fu)(fu)極(ji)，氧(yang)輸(shu)入正(zheng)極(ji)，通過(guo)(guo)催(cui)化劑(ji)的(de)(de)作用，氫(qing)原(yuan)(yuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)轉變為質(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)，由(you)不同路(lu)徑(jing)進(jin)入正(zheng)極(ji)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)通過(guo)(guo)內部循環產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，質(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)(zi)(zi)通過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解液達到(dao)正(zheng)極(ji)，與氧(yang)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)結(jie)合(he)(he)后產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)水(shui)和(he)熱。專家(jia)們一(yi)致認(ren)為，制(zhi)約燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)商業應用最大(da)的(de)(de)因素是(shi)燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)要使(shi)用金屬鉑（Pt）即(ji)白金做催(cui)化劑(ji)使(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)一(yi)直居(ju)高不下(xia)，目前燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)在500～1000美元/千瓦。研(yan)究(jiu)顯示，只有當燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)降至50美元/千瓦左右的(de)(de)水(shui)平時才能真正(zheng)為消費(fei)者所接受。燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)成(cheng)本(ben)高的(de)(de)主要原(yuan)(yuan)因是(shi)尚未(wei)形成(cheng)批(pi)量生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)，一(yi)旦(dan)進(jin)入大(da)批(pi)量生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)階段，燃(ran)(ran)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)信(xin)息(xi)肯定會大(da)大(da)降低。

鋰(li)聚(ju)(ju)合物電(dian)池的(de)單位能(neng)量(liang)比目前的(de)一(yi)般鋰(li)離子電(dian)池提(ti)高了10%，安(an)全(quan)性也大(da)(da)大(da)(da)提(ti)高，符合經(jing)濟性和設計原則，因此，市面上主要銷售的(de)大(da)(da)多數是鋰(li)聚(ju)(ju)合物材質(zhi)筆記本(ben)電(dian)池。