一、過電壓保護器和避雷器的區別
過電壓(ya)保護(hu)(hu)器和避雷器都是用于保護(hu)(hu)電氣設備的重要裝置,但它們的工作原(yuan)理和作用有所不同。
過電壓保護器是一種用(yong)于(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力系統(tong)中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)氣設備保(bao)護(hu)的裝置(zhi),主要用(yong)于(yu)限制和(he)消除(chu)由于(yu)系統(tong)中出現(xian)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)而對設備造成的危害。過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)的工作原理(li)是當系統(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)超過(guo)(guo)額定(ding)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)時(shi),過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)能(neng)(neng)夠及(ji)時(shi)引導過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流,從(cong)而將過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的能(neng)(neng)量分散(san)或吸收,以(yi)保(bao)護(hu)設備免(mian)受(shou)損(sun)壞(huai)。過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)通常(chang)安裝在設備的進線(xian)、母(mu)線(xian)和(he)出線(xian)等位(wei)置(zhi),常(chang)用(yong)的過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)有金(jin)屬氧化物壓(ya)(ya)(ya)敏電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻器(qi)(MO),氣體放(fang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)管(GDT)、硅控整流二極管(SCR)等。
而避雷器則是(shi)一(yi)種用于保護電氣(qi)設備(bei)和人員(yuan)免受雷(lei)擊(ji)危害的裝置。它是(shi)一(yi)種帶有阻抗特性的電氣(qi)元件,能(neng)夠在(zai)雷(lei)擊(ji)時將雷(lei)電能(neng)量引(yin)向大(da)地。避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的工作原理是(shi)將雷(lei)電通過特殊的構(gou)造引(yin)向大(da)地,防止雷(lei)電進(jin)入電氣(qi)設備(bei)和建筑物(wu)。常(chang)用的避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)有針式避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和金屬氧化(hua)物(wu)避雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。
因此,過(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)和避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)都是用于保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備(bei)的裝置,但過(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)護(hu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要用于限制和消除系統(tong)中出現過(guo)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)而對設備(bei)造成的危(wei)害(hai),而避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要用于保(bao)護(hu)電(dian)(dian)氣(qi)設備(bei)和人(ren)員免受雷(lei)擊危(wei)害(hai)。
二、過電壓保護器和避雷器能相互替換么
根據二者的不同作用,可以得(de)知過電壓(ya)保(bao)護器和避雷器并不是相互替(ti)代的兩個產品,它們之間各司(si)其職(zhi),相互補充。
在需要進行防雷保(bao)護的場合,二者可以同時(shi)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang),達到更好的保(bao)護效(xiao)果。但是需要注意(yi),二者的安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)位置應(ying)該分別確定,不能安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在同一(yi)個位置。在具體操作時(shi),應(ying)該先安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)避雷器,然(ran)后再安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)過電壓保(bao)護器。