一、工夫紅茶有哪些品種

中國工夫紅茶品(pin)類(lei)多、產(chan)地(di)廣。按地(di)區(qu)命名的(de)有滇(dian)紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、祁門工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、浮(fu)梁工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、寧紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、宜(yi)紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、湘(xiang)江工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、閩紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)（含坦洋(yang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、白琳工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、政(zheng)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)）、川紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、越紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、臺灣(wan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、江蘇工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)及(ji)粵紅(hong)(hong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)等(deng)。按品(pin)種(zhong)(zhong)又分(fen)為大葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)和(he)(he)小(xiao)(xiao)葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)。大葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)茶(cha)是以(yi)喬木(mu)或半喬木(mu)茶(cha)樹(shu)鮮葉(xie)制成(cheng)；小(xiao)(xiao)葉(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)茶(cha)是以(yi)灌木(mu)型小(xiao)(xiao)葉(xie)種(zhong)(zhong)茶(cha)樹(shu)鮮葉(xie)為原料(liao)制成(cheng)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)茶(cha)。

二、工夫紅茶的品質特征

工夫紅茶的品質特點是外形條索細緊，色澤烏潤。沖泡后，湯色、葉底紅亮，香氣馥郁，滋味甜醇。因采制地區不同，茶樹品種有異，制作技術不一，因而，又有祁紅、滇紅、寧紅、川紅、閩紅、湖紅、越紅之分，每種紅茶都有其獨特之處！

1、祁紅

祁(qi)(qi)門紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)，中國歷史名(ming)茶(cha)(cha)。著名(ming)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)精品，簡(jian)稱祁(qi)(qi)紅(hong)(hong)，產于安徽(hui)省(sheng)祁(qi)(qi)門、東(dong)至、貴池、石臺、黟縣，以及江西的(de)浮梁一(yi)帶。“祁(qi)(qi)紅(hong)(hong)特絕群芳(fang)(fang)最(zui)，清譽(yu)高香(xiang)不二門。”祁(qi)(qi)門紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)是(shi)紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)中的(de)極品，享(xiang)有(you)盛譽(yu)，是(shi)英國女王(wang)和(he)王(wang)室的(de)至愛飲品，高香(xiang)美譽(yu)，香(xiang)名(ming)遠播，美稱“群芳(fang)(fang)最(zui)”、“紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)(cha)皇后(hou)”。

2、滇紅

滇(dian)紅(hong)茶是(shi)云南紅(hong)茶的(de)統稱，分(fen)為滇(dian)紅(hong)工夫(fu)茶和滇(dian)紅(hong)碎(sui)茶兩種(zhong)。

滇紅(hong)工夫：茶(cha)芽葉肥壯(zhuang)，金毫顯露,湯色紅(hong)艷，香氣高(gao)醇，滋味濃厚。

滇紅碎茶：又稱滇紅分級茶，其外形均(jun)勻(yun)，色澤烏潤，滋(zi)味(wei)濃烈，香氣鮮(xian)銳，湯色紅亮。

3、寧紅

寧(ning)紅工夫(fu)(fu)茶(cha)我國獨特的傳(chuan)統功夫(fu)(fu)茶(cha)之(zhi)一(yi)。以(yi)其特有(you)的風格(ge)而稱譽于世，素以(yi)條(tiao)索(suo)緊(jin)結秀麗(li)、金(jin)毫顯露、鋒(feng)苗挺拔(ba)、色澤(ze)烏潤、香(xiang)高持久(jiu)、葉底(di)紅亮(liang)、滋味(wei)濃薄和(he)鮮(xian)爽(shuang)而馳名中(zhong)外。

4、閩紅

閩紅工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)茶(cha)系(xi)政(zheng)和工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)、坦洋工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)和白琳工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)的(de)統稱，均系(xi)福建特產。三種工(gong)(gong)夫(fu)茶(cha)產地不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)、品種不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)、品質風格(ge)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，但各自(zi)擁(yong)有自(zi)己(ji)的(de)消費愛(ai)好者，盛興百年而不(bu)衰。

（1）政和工夫

政和功夫是“閩紅”三大功夫之(zhi)一，政和工夫產于(yu)閩北，以政和縣(xian)為(wei)主，松溪以及浙江的(de)(de)慶元地區所(suo)產紅毛茶，亦集中(zhong)政和加(jia)工。基本制法源于(yu)武夷(yi)“正山(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)”而(er)又有所(suo)改進，原料產地環境與茶樹品種(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)與正山(shan)小(xiao)種(zhong)(zhong)有所(suo)不(bu)同，因而(er)形成自己的(de)(de)獨特(te)風格(ge)。成品茶條索肥壯重實、勻(yun)齊，色(se)澤烏(wu)黑油(you)潤，毫芽顯露金黃色(se)，頗為(wei)美觀(guan);香(xiang)氣(qi)濃郁芬芳，隱約之(zhi)間(jian)頗似紫(zi)羅(luo)蘭香(xiang)氣(qi)，湯色(se)紅艷，滋味(wei)醇厚。

（2）坦洋工夫

坦(tan)(tan)洋工(gong)夫(fu)是“閩紅(hong)”三大功(gong)夫(fu)之一，曾以產地分(fen)布最(zui)廣，產量(liang)、出(chu)口量(liang)最(zui)多而名列“閩紅(hong)”之首。坦(tan)(tan)洋工(gong)夫(fu)分(fen)布較(jiao)廣，主(zhu)產福安、拓榮(rong)、壽寧、周寧、霞浦及屏南北(bei)部等地。有“紅(hong)衣(yi)佳人”美稱的坦(tan)(tan)洋工(gong)夫(fu)紅(hong)茶(cha)，其外形條(tiao)索，緊結圓直(zhi)，色(se)(se)澤(ze)烏潤，茶(cha)毫細細，略顯金黃，香(xiang)氣(qi)高(gao)爽，湯色(se)(se)明亮，滋味醇厚，適(shi)于清飲(yin)。也(ye)可調成檸檬(meng)茶(cha)、奶(nai)茶(cha)、玫瑰紅(hong)茶(cha)、冰紅(hong)茶(cha)，還(huan)可以用濃香(xiang)型的高(gao)度(du)醇酒調配成奶(nai)酒茶(cha)。

（3）白琳工夫

白琳工夫產于福(fu)鼎縣太姥山白琳、湖林一帶。以主產地福(fu)鼎白琳命名，其(qi)以高(gao)超的(de)純(chun)手工制作技藝和獨(du)特、優秀的(de)產質(zhi)，其(qi)外形條索細長彎曲(qu)，茸(rong)毫(hao)多呈顆粒絨球狀(zhuang)，色(se)澤(ze)黃(huang)黑，內質(zhi)湯色(se)淺亮，香氣鮮(xian)純(chun)有毫(hao)香，味清鮮(xian)甜和，葉底(di)鮮(xian)紅帶黃(huang)。曾與福(fu)安(an)縣“坦洋工夫”，政和縣“政和工夫”并列為(wei)“閩紅三(san)大(da)工夫茶(cha)”而馳名中外。

5、湖紅

主(zhu)產湖南省安化、桃(tao)源、漣源、邵陽、平江、瀏陽、長沙等縣市。湖紅工(gong)(gong)夫以安化工(gong)(gong)夫為代表，外形條索(suo)緊結尚肥實，香氣高(gao)，滋味醇厚，湯(tang)色濃，葉底紅稍(shao)暗。平江工(gong)(gong)夫香高(gao)，但欠勻凈(jing)。

6、越紅

越紅工夫系浙江省出產的工夫紅茶，以條索(suo)緊(jin)(jin)結挺(ting)直，得實(shi)勻齊，鋒、苗、顯，凈度高的優美(mei)外形(xing)稱著。越紅(hong)(hong)工夫茶索(suo)緊(jin)(jin)細挺(ting)直，色澤(ze)烏潤(run)，外形(xing)優美(mei)，內(nei)質香味純正，湯色紅(hong)(hong)亮較淺，葉底稍暗。越紅(hong)(hong)毫色銀白或灰白。

7、粵紅

粵紅工夫，產于廣東，最著名的產地是英德，又以英紅九號最為知名。它是英德(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)茶和阿薩姆種的雜(za)交(jiao)產物(wu)，而英德(de)(de)紅(hong)(hong)茶，又是云(yun)南大(da)(da)葉種和廣東鳳(feng)凰單叢群體種的交(jiao)雜(za)后代，所以英紅(hong)(hong)九號(hao)有大(da)(da)葉種茶的特點，滋味濃(nong)厚，加(jia)了糖和奶(nai)后，味道更佳。

8、蘇紅

江蘇紅茶，亦稱“蘇紅”、“宜興紅茶”，產于江蘇宜興，經常被誤稱為“宜紅”。宜興紅(hong)(hong)茶，采摘小葉種(zhong)茶樹制作，條索緊結，色(se)澤烏(wu)潤，湯色(se)紅(hong)(hong)亮(liang)，甜(tian)香(xiang)芬芳(fang)，滋味醇厚，葉底紅(hong)(hong)亮(liang)多(duo)嫩(nen)莖。

9、川紅

川紅，產于四川省宜賓市等地，創制于20世紀50年代，比滇紅更晚。川(chuan)紅問世以(yi)來，在國(guo)(guo)際市場上享有較高(gao)的聲譽，多年來暢銷蘇聯(lian)、法(fa)國(guo)(guo)、英國(guo)(guo)、德國(guo)(guo)及羅馬尼亞等國(guo)(guo)，堪稱(cheng)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)工夫(fu)紅茶(cha)的后起之秀。條(tiao)索肥(fei)壯圓緊、顯金(jin)毫、色澤烏黑(hei)油潤、香氣清(qing)鮮帶枯糖香，滋味醇厚(hou)鮮爽，湯(tang)色濃亮(liang)，葉底厚(hou)軟紅(hong)勻。

10、宜紅

宜紅工夫，主產于湖北鄂西山區的宜昌、恩施兩地區，起源于19世紀中葉，至今有百余年歷史。條索緊細有毫，色澤烏潤(run)，香氣甜純(chun)，滋味醇厚(hou)，湯色紅亮，葉底(di)柔軟(ruan)。宜紅工夫，簡稱宜紅，容易混淆成(cheng)江蘇宜興紅茶。