一、工夫紅茶有哪些品種

中國工夫紅茶品類多、產(chan)地廣。按地區命名的有滇紅工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、祁門工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、浮梁工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、寧(ning)紅工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、宜紅工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、湘(xiang)江工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、閩紅工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)（含坦(tan)洋(yang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、白琳工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、政和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)）、川紅工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、越紅工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、臺灣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)、江蘇工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)及(ji)粵紅工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)等。按品種又分(fen)為大葉工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)和小(xiao)(xiao)葉工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)。大葉工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)茶(cha)是以喬(qiao)(qiao)木(mu)或半喬(qiao)(qiao)木(mu)茶(cha)樹鮮葉制成(cheng)；小(xiao)(xiao)葉工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)茶(cha)是以灌木(mu)型小(xiao)(xiao)葉種茶(cha)樹鮮葉為原料(liao)制成(cheng)的工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)夫(fu)(fu)(fu)茶(cha)。

二、工夫紅茶的品質特征

工夫紅茶的品質特點是外形條索細緊，色澤烏潤。沖泡后，湯色、葉底紅亮，香氣馥郁，滋味甜醇。因采制地區不同，茶樹品種有異，制作技術不一，因而，又有祁紅、滇紅、寧紅、川紅、閩紅、湖紅、越紅之分，每種紅茶都有其獨特之處！

1、祁紅

祁(qi)(qi)門(men)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)，中(zhong)國歷史名(ming)(ming)茶(cha)。著名(ming)(ming)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)精(jing)品(pin)，簡稱祁(qi)(qi)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)，產于安徽省祁(qi)(qi)門(men)、東至(zhi)、貴池、石臺、黟縣，以(yi)及江西的浮梁(liang)一帶。“祁(qi)(qi)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)特絕群芳(fang)最，清譽(yu)高(gao)香(xiang)不(bu)二門(men)。”祁(qi)(qi)門(men)紅(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)是紅(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)中(zhong)的極品(pin)，享(xiang)有盛譽(yu)，是英國女王和王室的至(zhi)愛飲品(pin)，高(gao)香(xiang)美(mei)譽(yu)，香(xiang)名(ming)(ming)遠播，美(mei)稱“群芳(fang)最”、“紅(hong)(hong)(hong)茶(cha)皇后”。

2、滇紅

滇紅(hong)茶是云南紅(hong)茶的統稱，分為滇紅(hong)工夫(fu)茶和滇紅(hong)碎茶兩(liang)種。

滇紅工夫：茶芽(ya)葉肥壯(zhuang)，金毫(hao)顯露,湯色紅艷，香氣高醇，滋味濃厚。

滇紅(hong)碎茶：又稱滇紅(hong)分級(ji)茶，其外形均勻，色(se)澤烏潤，滋味濃烈，香氣鮮(xian)銳，湯色(se)紅(hong)亮。

3、寧紅

寧紅工夫茶(cha)我國獨(du)特的傳(chuan)統功夫茶(cha)之一。以(yi)(yi)其特有的風格而(er)稱譽于世，素以(yi)(yi)條索緊結秀麗(li)、金毫顯露、鋒(feng)苗挺拔、色澤烏潤、香(xiang)高持久、葉底(di)紅亮、滋味濃(nong)薄和鮮爽而(er)馳名中外。

4、閩紅

閩紅工夫茶(cha)(cha)系(xi)政和(he)工夫、坦洋(yang)工夫和(he)白琳工夫的統稱，均系(xi)福建特(te)產(chan)。三種工夫茶(cha)(cha)產(chan)地不(bu)同、品(pin)(pin)種不(bu)同、品(pin)(pin)質風格不(bu)同，但各自擁有自己(ji)的消費愛好者(zhe)，盛興百年而不(bu)衰。

（1）政和工夫

政(zheng)和功(gong)夫(fu)是“閩(min)紅(hong)”三大功(gong)夫(fu)之一，政(zheng)和工(gong)夫(fu)產于(yu)閩(min)北(bei)，以政(zheng)和縣為主，松溪以及浙江的(de)(de)慶元(yuan)地區所產紅(hong)毛茶，亦集中政(zheng)和加(jia)工(gong)。基本制法源于(yu)武(wu)夷“正(zheng)山小種(zhong)(zhong)”而又有(you)所改進，原料產地環(huan)境與茶樹品種(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)與正(zheng)山小種(zhong)(zhong)有(you)所不同，因而形成(cheng)自(zi)己的(de)(de)獨特風格(ge)。成(cheng)品茶條索肥壯重實、勻齊，色澤(ze)烏黑油(you)潤，毫芽顯露金(jin)黃色，頗為美觀;香氣濃郁(yu)芬芳(fang)，隱約之間頗似(si)紫羅蘭香氣，湯色紅(hong)艷，滋味醇(chun)厚。

（2）坦洋工夫

坦洋工夫(fu)是“閩(min)紅(hong)”三大功(gong)夫(fu)之(zhi)一，曾以(yi)產地(di)分布最(zui)廣，產量、出口量最(zui)多(duo)而(er)名列“閩(min)紅(hong)”之(zhi)首。坦洋工夫(fu)分布較廣，主(zhu)產福安、拓榮、壽寧(ning)、周寧(ning)、霞浦及(ji)屏(ping)南北部(bu)等地(di)。有“紅(hong)衣佳(jia)人(ren)”美稱的坦洋工夫(fu)紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)，其(qi)外(wai)形(xing)條索，緊結圓(yuan)直，色澤烏潤，茶(cha)(cha)毫細(xi)細(xi)，略顯金(jin)黃，香氣高爽(shuang)，湯(tang)色明(ming)亮，滋味醇(chun)厚，適(shi)于清飲。也可調(diao)成(cheng)檸(ning)檬茶(cha)(cha)、奶茶(cha)(cha)、玫瑰紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)、冰紅(hong)茶(cha)(cha)，還可以(yi)用濃香型的高度(du)醇(chun)酒調(diao)配成(cheng)奶酒茶(cha)(cha)。

（3）白琳工夫

白琳(lin)(lin)工夫(fu)產于福鼎縣太姥山(shan)白琳(lin)(lin)、湖林一帶(dai)。以(yi)主(zhu)產地福鼎白琳(lin)(lin)命(ming)名，其(qi)以(yi)高超的純(chun)手(shou)工制作技藝(yi)和(he)獨特、優秀(xiu)的產質(zhi)，其(qi)外形條索細長(chang)彎曲(qu)，茸毫(hao)多呈顆粒絨球狀(zhuang)，色澤(ze)黃(huang)黑，內(nei)質(zhi)湯色淺(qian)亮，香氣鮮純(chun)有毫(hao)香，味清鮮甜和(he)，葉底鮮紅(hong)帶(dai)黃(huang)。曾與福安縣“坦(tan)洋(yang)工夫(fu)”，政和(he)縣“政和(he)工夫(fu)”并列為“閩紅(hong)三(san)大工夫(fu)茶”而馳名中外。

5、湖紅

主(zhu)產(chan)湖(hu)南省安化、桃源(yuan)、漣源(yuan)、邵(shao)陽(yang)、平(ping)江(jiang)、瀏(liu)陽(yang)、長沙等(deng)縣市(shi)。湖(hu)紅(hong)工夫以安化工夫為代表(biao)，外形條索緊結尚肥實，香氣(qi)高，滋味醇(chun)厚，湯色濃(nong)，葉底紅(hong)稍暗。平(ping)江(jiang)工夫香高，但欠勻凈。

6、越紅

越紅工夫系浙江省出產的工夫紅茶，以條索緊(jin)(jin)結挺直，得(de)實勻齊，鋒、苗、顯，凈(jing)度(du)高的優美外形(xing)稱著。越紅(hong)工夫茶索緊(jin)(jin)細挺直，色(se)澤烏潤，外形(xing)優美，內質(zhi)香味純正，湯色(se)紅(hong)亮較淺(qian)，葉(xie)底(di)稍暗。越紅(hong)毫色(se)銀(yin)白(bai)或灰白(bai)。

7、粵紅

粵紅工夫，產于廣東，最著名的產地是英德，又以英紅九號最為知名。它是(shi)英(ying)德紅茶和阿薩姆種的(de)(de)雜交產(chan)物，而英(ying)德紅茶，又是(shi)云南大葉種和廣東(dong)鳳凰單叢群體種的(de)(de)交雜后代，所(suo)以英(ying)紅九號有(you)大葉種茶的(de)(de)特點(dian)，滋(zi)味濃(nong)厚，加了糖(tang)和奶(nai)后，味道(dao)更佳。

8、蘇紅

江蘇紅茶，亦稱“蘇紅”、“宜興紅茶”，產于江蘇宜興，經常被誤稱為“宜紅”。宜興紅(hong)(hong)茶(cha)，采摘(zhai)小(xiao)葉種茶(cha)樹制(zhi)作，條索(suo)緊結(jie)，色(se)澤烏潤，湯(tang)色(se)紅(hong)(hong)亮(liang)，甜香芬芳，滋味醇(chun)厚，葉底(di)紅(hong)(hong)亮(liang)多嫩莖。

9、川紅

川紅，產于四川省宜賓市等地，創制于20世紀50年代，比滇紅更晚。川紅問世以來，在國(guo)(guo)際市場上享有較(jiao)高的聲(sheng)譽(yu)，多年來暢銷蘇(su)聯、法國(guo)(guo)、英國(guo)(guo)、德(de)國(guo)(guo)及羅馬尼亞等國(guo)(guo)，堪稱中國(guo)(guo)工夫紅茶的后起之秀。條索(suo)肥壯圓(yuan)緊、顯金毫、色澤烏黑油潤、香氣清鮮帶枯糖香，滋味醇厚(hou)鮮爽，湯(tang)色濃亮，葉底厚(hou)軟(ruan)紅勻。

10、宜紅

宜紅工夫，主產于湖北鄂西山區的宜昌、恩施兩地區，起源于19世紀中葉，至今有百余年歷史。條(tiao)索緊細有毫(hao)，色澤烏潤，香氣甜純，滋味醇(chun)厚，湯色紅亮，葉底(di)柔軟。宜(yi)紅工夫，簡稱宜(yi)紅，容易混淆成江蘇宜(yi)興紅茶。