電動車電池哪種好

1、鉛酸蓄電池

優點：鉛(qian)(qian)酸蓄電(dian)池為數量最(zui)多。鉛(qian)(qian)酸蓄電(dian)池的價格最(zui)低，也最(zui)常(chang)用(yong)，中國(guo)是全世界(jie)鉛(qian)(qian)酸蓄電(dian)池最(zui)大(da)的生產國(guo)。其(qi)含污(wu)染的成分比較(jiao)少(shao)，可回收性好(hao)。

缺點：比容小、壽命短。也就是說，在同樣的容量下，電池重量和體積都大。目前的鉛酸蓄電池基本上是由浮充類型的電池發展而來的。浮充電池不適應快速充電和大電流放電，雖然技術人員的花費了大量的心血進行了卓有成效的改進，可以進入實用了，但是作為電動車電池其(qi)壽命還是非常(chang)不理想的。

該圖片由注冊用戶"志士豪杰"提供，版權聲明反饋

2、鎳氫電池

優點：鎳氫電池的(de)比容比鉛酸(suan)蓄電池好(hao)很多，單體(ti)電池的(de)壽命(ming)也比較好(hao)，其大電流充放電特性也比鉛酸(suan)蓄電池好(hao)。

缺點：鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池串連電(dian)(dian)(dian)池組的(de)管理問(wen)題(ti)比較多，一旦發生(sheng)過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)以(yi)后，就會形成單體電(dian)(dian)(dian)池隔板熔化的(de)問(wen)題(ti)，導致整組電(dian)(dian)(dian)池迅(xun)速失(shi)效。所以(yi)，國產的(de)鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)關鍵(jian)技術問(wen)題(ti)還(huan)是充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池管理系統的(de)問(wen)題(ti)，而(er)這個問(wen)題(ti)還(huan)沒有引起各個電(dian)(dian)(dian)池制造商和(he)車(che)廠(chang)足夠的(de)重視。所以(yi)，鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)發展(zhan)收到很(hen)大(da)的(de)制約。

3、鎳鎘電池

優(you)點：鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)大(da)(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)特(te)性(xing)比(bi)鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)好(hao)，其抗過充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)特(te)性(xing)也比(bi)鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)好(hao)，中國又是(shi)世(shi)界上鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)大(da)(da)國。一(yi)(yi)些人提出鎘(ge)(ge)污染(ran)的(de)問題，中國現在(zai)還在(zai)大(da)(da)量的(de)向歐洲(zhou)(zhou)出口鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)及其應(ying)用(yong)產(chan)品(pin)，歐洲(zhou)(zhou)到2006年(nian)才開始限(xian)制。據中央電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)視臺播放的(de)消息，神州五(wu)號(hao)還是(shi)采用(yong)鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)。這是(shi)其相對比(bi)較高的(de)可靠性(xing)的(de)優(you)點使(shi)該(gai)品(pin)種電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)還在(zai)應(ying)用(yong)與宇航設(she)備上。這樣看，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)自行車方面(mian)過早的(de)使(shi)鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)退出應(ying)用(yong)是(shi)否有一(yi)(yi)些過激?而鎳(nie)(nie)鎘(ge)(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)成(cheng)本和(he)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)成(cheng)本都明顯(xian)低于鎳(nie)(nie)氫(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，只要(yao)回收處理好(hao)了，還是(shi)應(ying)該(gai)保留這個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)品(pin)種的(de)。

4、鋰離子電池

優點：鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的比容要好(hao)于(yu)鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池，對(dui)于(yu)同(tong)樣容量的鉛酸(suan)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池來說，鋰離子(zi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的重(zhong)量相(xiang)當(dang)于(yu)一臺筆記本電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)腦，這樣老弱婦孺就都可(ke)以使(shi)用(yong)了。其壽命也(ye)可(ke)以比鎳氫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池做得(de)好(hao)。目前的手(shou)機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池基本上都是(shi)采用(yong)這種(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池。

缺點：鋰電池的內阻相對比較大，在電動自行車上使用會出現電池即將完全放電的時候感覺車的動力不足。鋰離子電動車電池更主要(yao)的(de)(de)問(wen)題是在過(guo)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和過(guo)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)會發生(sheng)爆(bao)炸，手機電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)都是使用的(de)(de)單(dan)體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)，再經過(guo)良好的(de)(de)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)來(lai)配(pei)合(he)使用，基本(ben)上杜絕了電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)爆(bao)炸的(de)(de)問(wen)題。而在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動自行車(che)上使用，必須(xu)要(yao)使用串連(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)，而串連(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)的(de)(de)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)復雜(za)程度遠遠超過(guo)單(dan)體(ti)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)，其材(cai)料成本(ben)也(ye)大(da)大(da)增加。目前一(yi)個良好的(de)(de)鋰電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路(lu)(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)成本(ben)接近(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)本(ben)身(shen)的(de)(de)價格。

如何選購電動車電池

1、外觀

查看產品(pin)是(shi)否有(you)變(bian)形、裂(lie)紋(wen)、劃痕(hen)及漏(lou)液(ye)痕(hen)跡。電(dian)池接線(xian)端子上應干凈，無銹蝕，標志應清(qing)晰。好(hao)的(de)(de)電(dian)動車蓄電(dian)池外殼(ke)很厚實，接線(xian)端子粗大，而且電(dian)池上印字(zi)也清(qing)晰，另(ling)外要找準正(zheng)品(pin)的(de)(de)，假冒偽(wei)劣的(de)(de)電(dian)池在外觀上與(yu)正(zheng)品(pin)還是(shi)有(you)區別的(de)(de)，要仔細辨(bian)認。一般大品(pin)牌的(de)(de)電(dian)池都有(you)防(fang)偽(wei)標識，防(fang)偽(wei)標識都是(shi)統一的(de)(de)，防(fang)偽(wei)碼都是(shi)16位，具有(you)唯一性，每只(zhi)電(dian)池上都是(shi)單獨的(de)(de)號碼。而且防(fang)偽(wei)查詢電(dian)話是(shi)國家質檢總局的(de)(de)，這個(ge)是(shi)沒法造(zao)假的(de)(de)。

2、性能測試

查看電(dian)池(chi)外觀后，要對電(dian)池(chi)進行性能測試。性能優(you)良的電(dian)動(dong)車蓄電(dian)池(chi)內阻小(xiao)，單體電(dian)壓誤差也小(xiao)。

內(nei)阻：大(da)電(dian)流放電(dian)時(shi)測量蓄(xu)電(dian)池電(dian)壓，電(dian)壓降的越小越好；

單體(ti)電(dian)壓：電(dian)池充電(dian)進入飽和后和蓄電(dian)池的(de)電(dian)壓應該是(shi)一直的(de)，誤差(cha)以小于0.05伏為最好。

3、額定容量

電(dian)(dian)池標注的(de)(de)額(e)定(ding)(ding)容(rong)量(liang)越大(da)，電(dian)(dian)池放電(dian)(dian)時(shi)間(jian)越長。最好不(bu)要購買(mai)無(wu)額(e)定(ding)(ding)標注的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池，要注意是否為電(dian)(dian)動(dong)車專用。如有多個容(rong)量(liang)標注，應以額(e)定(ding)(ding)容(rong)量(liang)為準。另(ling)外，選購與電(dian)(dian)池配套的(de)(de)、帶自(zi)動(dong)控制的(de)(de)智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)型充電(dian)(dian)器。合(he)適的(de)(de)充電(dian)(dian)器能(neng)(neng)自(zi)動(dong)調(diao)節(jie)充電(dian)(dian)大(da)小(xiao)和時(shi)間(jian)，有利于(yu)延長電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)使用壽(shou)命(ming)。

4、電動車電池種類

當前(qian)市場上(shang)電(dian)動車電(dian)池(chi)種(zhong)類(lei)較(jiao)多(duo)，比(bi)如鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)電(dian)池(chi)，三元鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)，磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鐵(tie)(tie)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。不(bu)同種(zhong)類(lei)的電(dian)動車電(dian)池(chi)使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)不(bu)同，價格也(ye)有(you)各自的差異，對(dui)(dui)環境污染各不(bu)一樣。當然鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)電(dian)池(chi)是(shi)目前(qian)使(shi)用(yong)較(jiao)多(duo)的，優點是(shi)價格便宜這也(ye)是(shi)很多(duo)人(ren)選擇的主(zhu)要原(yuan)因(yin)之一，其實(shi)除了鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)電(dian)池(chi)外(wai)我們還(huan)可以(yi)有(you)更多(duo)的選擇，例如磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鐵(tie)(tie)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)，與鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)相比(bi)較(jiao)，重量輕2-3倍(bei)，使(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)(ming)也(ye)是(shi)鉛(qian)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)的好幾倍(bei)，長時間對(dui)(dui)比(bi)其實(shi)磷酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鐵(tie)(tie)鋰(li)電(dian)池(chi)會(hui)相對(dui)(dui)便宜一點，且(qie)無污染。

5、看品牌

大品牌的電動車電池信譽有保障，質量也過關，而且大品牌售后服務也到位。買電動車電池質量是(shi)首要(yao)的(de)，同時售后服務也(ye)是(shi)必(bi)須的(de)，要(yao)注意購買的(de)電(dian)動車電(dian)池(chi)售后服務完(wan)不完(wan)善。