一、大提琴有幾根弦

大提琴有四根弦。

第(di)(di)(di)一(yi)根弦(xian)(xian)(xian)為A弦(xian)(xian)(xian)，為最(zui)細(xi)，發音(yin)華麗有力，富于歌唱性(xing)；第(di)(di)(di)二根弦(xian)(xian)(xian)為D弦(xian)(xian)(xian)，音(yin)色較朦朧；第(di)(di)(di)三(san)根弦(xian)(xian)(xian)為G弦(xian)(xian)(xian)，低沉(chen)響(xiang)(xiang)亮，能夠承(cheng)受(shou)樂隊沉(chen)重的音(yin)響(xiang)(xiang)；第(di)(di)(di)四根弦(xian)(xian)(xian)為C弦(xian)(xian)(xian)，為最(zui)粗，更加低沉(chen)響(xiang)(xiang)亮，能夠承(cheng)受(shou)樂隊非常沉(chen)重的音(yin)響(xiang)(xiang)。

如果(guo)是低(di)音(yin)提琴(qin)，四根弦(xian)(xian)分(fen)別是E、A、D、G，為了避免在(zai)低(di)音(yin)譜表上過多地加線(xian)，其(qi)音(yin)響(xiang)比實際記譜低(di)一個八度，有時(shi)加入第五根弦(xian)(xian)，定音(yin)為C。或在(zai)樂(le)器(qi)的(de)頸部加入一個機械(xie)裝置，加長(chang)E弦(xian)(xian)，使其(qi)可以(yi)演奏下面的(de)C音(yin)。

二、大提琴如何裝弦定弦

1、大提琴每根弦(xian)應裝在規定的弦(xian)軸上，琴弦(xian)要按順序(xu)繞好。弦(xian)盡可能裝直，這樣弦(xian)不(bu)易松(song)。切(qie)忌(ji)歪(wai)斜交錯，使弦(xian)互相牽制撥調弦(xian)，弦(xian)穿入軸孔后，扭動方向是由(you)里向外，注意不(bu)要反扭。

2、為使調(diao)弦(xian)便利，大(da)提琴裝(zhuang)弦(xian)時(shi)就應調(diao)整好弦(xian)軸的方向、位(wei)置(zhi)。定(ding)弦(xian)時(shi)，一般先定(ding)準大(da)提琴A弦(xian)的音高，然后根據A弦(xian)的音高分(fen)別定(ding)D、E、G弦(xian)。有時(shi)幾根弦(xian)動(dong)過以后，A弦(xian)音高會偏(pian)低，故需反復校對。

3、初學為大提琴定(ding)弦(xian)時(shi)，可先(xian)聽單音，待音高基本定(ding)準后，再同時(shi)拉兩根弦(xian)，并(bing)略微調整，直(zhi)到音響完全諧(xie)和為止。

4、大提琴弦(xian)軸受氣候(hou)變(bian)化的影響會變(bian)緊變(bian)松(song)，使調弦(xian)不便。太(tai)緊時可用鉛筆芯(xin)涂(tu)軸，太(tai)松(song)時涂(tu)點松(song)香(xiang)。