一、電子膨脹閥的結構組成

空調系統設(she)計中(zhong)，電子(zi)膨脹閥(fa)作為電子(zi)控制元(yuan)件，因其(qi)精度高，動作快速、準確、節能效果(guo)明顯等優點(dian)，應用廣泛，那么電子(zi)膨脹閥(fa)由(you)什么組成呢？

電子膨脹閥有步(bu)進電(dian)機(ji)型(xing)和(he)電(dian)磁線圈型(xing)兩種結構形(xing)式，電(dian)磁線圈型(xing)嚴格地說是(shi)一種電(dian)磁膨脹閥(fa)，家用空調、冰箱等制冷(leng)設(she)備中常說的(de)電(dian)子膨脹閥(fa)通常指的(de)是(shi)步(bu)進電(dian)機(ji)型(xing)，由(you)閥(fa)體、閥(fa)芯、波紋(wen)管、脈沖步(bu)進電(dian)機(ji)和(he)傳動機(ji)構等部分組(zu)成：

1、閥(fa)體(ti)是指膨脹閥(fa)本身，由針閥(fa)、磁體(ti)及上下蓋等部件組成，針閥(fa)的開(kai)度(du)大小靠回氣(qi)過熱(re)度(du)（通過回氣(qi)溫度(du)和壓力檢測(ce)得到）控(kong)制，過熱(re)度(du)越大開(kai)度(du)越大，過熱(re)度(du)越小開(kai)度(du)也就越小。

2、波紋管將制冷劑(ji)通(tong)道與運動部件隔(ge)開(kai)，以防(fang)制冷劑(ji)泄漏。

3、脈(mo)沖步進電機(ji)是驅動機(ji)構，主要由線圈、支架(jia)、連接件等組(zu)成。

4、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)的(de)作(zuo)用(yong)是將電機(ji)的(de)旋轉(zhuan)運動(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)變為(wei)閥(fa)芯的(de)往復運動(dong)(dong)。傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)有(you)兩(liang)種，減速(su)式傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)包(bao)括齒(chi)輪副（兩(liang)個相(xiang)嚙合的(de)齒(chi)輪組成(cheng)的(de)基本(ben)結(jie)構(gou)）、羅紋副（利用(yong)螺紋旋合實(shi)現連(lian)接作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)機(ji)械(xie)組合）、傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)桿等。直動(dong)(dong)式傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)構(gou)沒有(you)齒(chi)輪副。

二、電子膨脹閥的工作原理是什么

電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)膨脹(zhang)閥是(shi)按照預設程序調節蒸發器供液(ye)量，因屬于(yu)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)式(shi)調節模式(shi)，故(gu)稱為電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)膨脹(zhang)閥，它適應(ying)了制冷機電(dian)(dian)一(yi)體化的(de)發展(zhan)要(yao)求，是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)很(hen)有發展(zhan)前途的(de)自控(kong)節能元件。目前電(dian)(dian)子(zi)(zi)(zi)膨脹(zhang)閥主(zhu)要(yao)有電(dian)(dian)磁式(shi)膨脹(zhang)閥和電(dian)(dian)動(dong)式(shi)膨脹(zhang)閥兩(liang)種(zhong)，兩(liang)者的(de)工作原理有些(xie)不同：

1、電磁式電子膨脹閥內部具有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)，通(tong)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)作為媒介來(lai)控制(zhi)系統流(liu)量。在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi)前(qian)，閥針處(chu)于開(kai)啟狀態，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)之(zhi)后，閥針的(de)(de)開(kai)啟程度由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓來(lai)控制(zhi)，由此，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)線(xian)(xian)圈(quan)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓就控制(zhi)了膨脹閥的(de)(de)流(liu)量。

2、電動式(shi)電子(zi)膨脹閥(fa)就是(shi)利用步(bu)(bu)進(jin)電機(ji)驅動的，該裝(zhuang)置通過給步(bu)(bu)進(jin)電機(ji)提供的邏輯(ji)數字(zi)信號(hao)來(lai)控(kong)制進(jin)內部的螺紋驅動閥(fa)針運(yun)動，由此實(shi)現閥(fa)門流(liu)量與面(mian)積的控(kong)制。