汽車喇叭聲音時響時不響故障檢修方法
先來看(kan)看(kan)喇叭(ba)是(shi)如何工作的(de)(de)。當(dang)按下方(fang)向盤上或其他位置的(de)(de)喇叭(ba)按鈕時,來自蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)會(hui)通過回路(lu)流(liu)到(dao)喇叭(ba)繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)線圈(quan)(quan)上,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)線圈(quan)(quan)吸(xi)引繼(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)(de)動觸點開關閉合,電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)就(jiu)會(hui)流(liu)到(dao)喇叭(ba)處。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)使喇叭(ba)內部(bu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)鐵(tie)工作,從(cong)而(er)使振動膜振動而(er)發出聲(sheng)音。
線路故障主要為線路虛接,如:喇叭插頭端子松動、喇叭繼電器觸點燒蝕、方向盤處喇叭開關接觸不良等。但在很多喇叭故障中,尤其冬季出現問(wen)題較多的(de)是喇叭本身的(de)故(gu)障。
汽車喇叭不響怎么回事
結合我們的使用環(huan)境等因素,喇(la)叭本(ben)身的故障主要(yao)為以(yi)下幾個原因:
1、觸(chu)點燒蝕:如果長時(shi)(shi)間按喇(la)叭(ba)易造成(cheng)喇(la)叭(ba)觸(chu)點燒蝕而產生阻抗,流過電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)線圈的(de)電(dian)(dian)流減(jian)弱,電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)吸力下降(jiang)無法吸引銜(xian)鐵帶動(dong)膜片正常振動(dong),導(dao)致發(fa)音(yin)沙啞、甚(shen)至不(bu)響(xiang)。但(dan)不(bu)斷按喇(la)叭(ba)時(shi)(shi),若(ruo)瞬間強電(dian)(dian)流通過阻抗依然能正常工作,所(suo)以(yi)會汽車喇(la)叭(ba)時(shi)(shi)響(xiang)時(shi)(shi)不(bu)響(xiang)。
2、密(mi)封不嚴易受(shou)潮:雖然喇叭內部是密(mi)閉的,但如果密(mi)封不嚴洗(xi)車時進入霧氣(qi)或內部空(kong)間空(kong)氣(qi)中有水蒸氣(qi),水蒸氣(qi)很容易導致觸點受(shou)潮無(wu)法正(zheng)常(chang)工(gong)作。
3、電磁線圈端(duan)子(zi)接(jie)觸不(bu)(bu)良:有些喇(la)(la)叭(ba)內部電磁線圈漆(qi)包線端(duan)子(zi)接(jie)頭是鋁金屬鉚釘壓接(jie)連接(jie)的,非牢靠焊(han)接(jie)連接(jie),如果端(duan)頭漆(qi)包線上的絕緣漆(qi)處理不(bu)(bu)凈或鉚釘壓接(jie)不(bu)(bu)牢靠很容易產生虛接(jie)故(gu)障,導致喇(la)(la)叭(ba)工作(zuo)不(bu)(bu)良。此(ci)種故(gu)障是喇(la)(la)叭(ba)質量原因,無法(fa)修(xiu)復(fu),只能更換新件。
汽車喇叭不響怎么辦
1、檢(jian)查(cha)火(huo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)是(shi)否(fou)有(you)(you)(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian)。用(yong)旋具(ju)將喇(la)叭(ba)(ba)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)”接線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)柱(zhu)(zhu)與接地(di)搭鐵刮(gua)火(huo)。若無火(huo)花,則說明(ming)火(huo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)中有(you)(you)(you)(you)斷路(lu),應檢(jian)查(cha)蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)熔斷器(qi)至喇(la)叭(ba)(ba)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)”接線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)柱(zhu)(zhu)之間線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)無斷路(lu)。若火(huo)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)(you)(you)(you)電(dian)(dian)(dian),再用(yong)旋具(ju)將喇(la)叭(ba)(ba)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)“電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)”與“喇(la)叭(ba)(ba)”兩接線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)柱(zhu)(zhu)短(duan)接。若喇(la)叭(ba)(ba)仍不響說明(ming)是(shi)喇(la)叭(ba)(ba)有(you)(you)(you)(you)故(gu)障。若喇(la)叭(ba)(ba)響說明(ming)是(shi)喇(la)叭(ba)(ba)繼電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)或(huo)按鈕有(you)(you)(you)(you)故(gu)障。
2、按喇叭按鈕(niu),傾(qing)聽繼(ji)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)內有無聲(sheng)響(xiang)。若有“咯咯”聲(sheng)(觸(chu)(chu)點閉合),但(dan)喇叭不(bu)響(xiang)說明(ming)繼(ji)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)觸(chu)(chu)點氧化或燒蝕。若繼(ji)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)內無“咯咯”聲(sheng)反應,再用旋(xuan)具(ju)將喇叭按鈕(niu)接線(xian)柱與接地搭鐵短接,此(ci)時(shi)如(ru)果繼(ji)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)觸(chu)(chu)點閉合。喇叭響(xiang)則(ze)說明(ming)是按鈕(niu)氧化銹蝕或臟污(wu)而接觸(chu)(chu)不(bu)良。若繼(ji)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)觸(chu)(chu)點仍不(bu)能閉合,喇叭依然不(bu)響(xiang),那(nei)就說明(ming)繼(ji)電器(qi)(qi)(qi)線(xian)圈中有斷路。
3、按(an)(an)下按(an)(an)鈕,喇(la)叭(ba)只發(fa)出“嗬”的一聲后就不響了。此故障(zhang)在喇(la)叭(ba)內部(bu),可拆下喇(la)叭(ba)蓋再按(an)(an)下按(an)(an)鈕,觀察喇(la)叭(ba)觸(chu)點是否打開(kai)。若不能打開(kai)應重(zhong)新調整(zheng);若能打開(kai)則應檢(jian)查(cha)觸(chu)點間隙以及電容器(qi)或滅(mie)弧電阻是否短路(lu)。
4、若按(an)下(xia)按(an)鈕喇(la)叭不(bu)響,檢(jian)查(cha)電路發現保險跳開(或熔(rong)(rong)絲熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)),首先應檢(jian)查(cha)電路中(zhong)是否有搭(da)鐵(tie)(tie)等短路故障。方(fang)法是在斷(duan)開的熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)兩(liang)端串上一(yi)試(shi)燈(deng),若試(shi)燈(deng)亮(liang)為(wei)熔(rong)(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)至喇(la)叭繼電器(qi)這(zhe)一(yi)段電路中(zhong)有搭(da)鐵(tie)(tie)處(chu)。若試(shi)燈(deng)不(bu)亮(liang)可再按(an)下(xia)按(an)鈕,若此時試(shi)燈(deng)再亮(liang),為(wei)繼電器(qi)至電喇(la)叭這(zhe)一(yi)段電路有搭(da)鐵(tie)(tie)處(chu),再用(yong)斷(duan)路法找到(dao)搭(da)鐵(tie)(tie)部(bu)位加以排(pai)查(cha)。
建議汽車喇叭使用中的注意事項
1、洗車時切記(ji)防(fang)止喇叭被淋濕,發現(xian)喇叭進水盡快用風槍(qiang)吹(chui)干。
2、盡量不(bu)要總是長(chang)時間按喇叭,這樣容(rong)易(yi)造成(cheng)喇叭觸點過早燒蝕。
3、喇叭出現故障盡量尋求專(zhuan)業維修(xiu)技師幫(bang)助,不要(yao)盲目(mu)更換喇叭,容易造成不必要(yao)的(de)浪費。