一、鋰電池電芯由什么構成
鋰電池主要由電芯和(he)(he)保護板兩(liang)部(bu)分組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。PCM動力(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)一般(ban)稱為電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)管(guan)理系統BMS。電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的心臟,管(guan)理系統相當于鋰(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的大(da)腦(nao),電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)主要(yao)由正(zheng)極構成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。目前市(shi)場上的鋰(li)(li)離子(zi)二次電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液主要(yao)由碳酸鹽類有機溶劑(ji)六氟磷酸鋰(li)(li)和(he)(he)一些添加劑(ji)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。電(dian)(dian)芯主要(yao)由正(zheng)極板、隔膜、負(fu)極板電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。層(ceng)壓、封裝、填(tian)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)液、封裝。
而鋰(li)(li)離子電池(chi)電芯由(you)正(zheng)極、負(fu)極、隔膜、電解(jie)液、外(wai)殼(ke)(ke)五部分組成。正(zheng)極活性物質為(wei)鈷(gu)酸(suan)鋰(li)(li)或其他鋰(li)(li)氧化物,如錳酸(suan)鋰(li)(li)三元材(cai)料等(deng),負(fu)極石墨(mo)電解(jie)液為(wei)六氟磷(lin)酸(suan)鋰(li)(li)溶(rong)解(jie)于多種混合溶(rong)劑,制成隔膜PPPE材(cai)質,外(wai)殼(ke)(ke)一般有(you)鋁殼(ke)(ke)和鋼殼(ke)(ke)。
二、鋰電池電芯是什么材料
鋰電(dian)池電(dian)芯(xin)具(ju)有高能量密度(du)、長壽命(ming)、環保(bao)等特點,廣泛應(ying)用于移(yi)動電(dian)源、儲能系(xi)統、智能終端(duan)等領域(yu)。鋰電(dian)池電(dian)芯(xin)的材料(liao)類型如下(xia):
1、正極材料
鋰電池電芯的(de)正極材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)一般為鈷(gu)酸(suan)鋰、三元(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)或鐵鋰材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)。其中,鈷(gu)酸(suan)鋰材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)能(neng)夠提供(gong)較(jiao)高的(de)放(fang)電電壓和能(neng)量密(mi)度,但(dan)價格較(jiao)貴;三元(yuan)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)價格適中,能(neng)夠提供(gong)較(jiao)好的(de)性能(neng)表(biao)現;鐵鋰材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)價格相對便宜,但(dan)能(neng)量密(mi)度較(jiao)低(di)。
2、負極材料
鋰電池電芯的(de)負極材料一般為石墨材料。石墨材料具有較(jiao)好的(de)導(dao)電性(xing)能(neng)和(he)(he)穩(wen)定性(xing),能(neng)夠承(cheng)受較(jiao)大的(de)電化(hua)學反(fan)應,但在高溫環境下(xia)易發生導(dao)電性(xing)能(neng)下(xia)降和(he)(he)容量衰減等問題。
3、電解液
鋰電(dian)(dian)池電(dian)(dian)芯的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)解液一般為有機(ji)液體(ti)電(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)、聚合(he)物(wu)(wu)電(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)或無(wu)(wu)機(ji)固體(ti)電(dian)(dian)解體(ti)。有機(ji)液體(ti)電(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)具(ju)有良(liang)好的(de)(de)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)和電(dian)(dian)化(hua)學穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)性(xing),但(dan)在高溫環(huan)境下易燃易爆;聚合(he)物(wu)(wu)電(dian)(dian)解質(zhi)的(de)(de)熱穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)性(xing)和電(dian)(dian)化(hua)學穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)性(xing)較強,但(dan)導(dao)電(dian)(dian)性(xing)能(neng)較差(cha);無(wu)(wu)機(ji)固體(ti)電(dian)(dian)解體(ti)具(ju)有較強的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)導(dao)率和穩(wen)(wen)定(ding)性(xing),但(dan)價格較高。