一、堿性干電池和碳性干電池有什么區別

干電池按照電解質性質不同，可分為堿性和碳性兩種，它們雖然都是干電池，但(dan)在很多方(fang)面有(you)所不(bu)同(tong)，堿(jian)性干電池和碳性干電池的區別主要有(you)：

1、結構原理不同

碳性干電池(chi)和(he)堿性干電池(chi)的(de)結構和(he)原理都(dou)是(shi)(shi)基于(yu)鋅(xin)-錳體系，但是(shi)(shi)有一些不(bu)同(tong)之處。碳性干電池(chi)的(de)正(zheng)極(ji)是(shi)(shi)由二氧化錳和(he)石(shi)墨組成(cheng)的(de)炭棒，負(fu)極(ji)是(shi)(shi)由鋅(xin)皮制成(cheng)的(de)外殼，電解質是(shi)(shi)含(han)有氯化銨和(he)氯化鋅(xin)的(de)水(shui)溶液(ye)。

堿性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)正極(ji)是由(you)二氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)錳(meng)和(he)碳粉組成的(de)環形極(ji)片，負極(ji)是由(you)鋅粉和(he)添(tian)加劑(ji)制成的(de)鋅膏，電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質是含有(you)氫(qing)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)鉀的(de)水溶(rong)液。碳性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)和(he)堿性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)放電(dian)(dian)(dian)反應(ying)都是鋅和(he)二氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)錳(meng)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)質中發(fa)生(sheng)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)化(hua)還原反應(ying)，產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓。

2、電池容量不同

碳(tan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)和堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)輸(shu)出電(dian)(dian)壓都是1.5伏，但是它(ta)們的(de)容(rong)量卻有很大(da)的(de)差別(bie)，堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)容(rong)量是碳(tan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)4-7倍，這意味著堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)可以持(chi)續使用(yong)的(de)時(shi)間更長，或者可以為更大(da)功(gong)率(lv)的(de)電(dian)(dian)器提(ti)供電(dian)(dian)能。堿性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)容(rong)量會(hui)隨著放(fang)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)流的(de)增加而減小，但是仍然高于碳(tan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。

3、重量不同

由于堿性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電池的(de)內部材料和(he)結構比碳性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電池更復雜，堿性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電池的(de)重量一(yi)般比碳性(xing)(xing)干(gan)(gan)電池重。

4、價格不同

堿性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)價(jia)格(ge)也比(bi)碳性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池高(gao)，一(yi)般是碳性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)1.5-2倍，不過(guo)堿性(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)使用(yong)壽命通常要更長一(yi)些，性(xing)價(jia)比(bi)還是比(bi)較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)。

5、適用范圍不同

碳性干電(dian)(dian)池(chi)適合(he)用于低(di)電(dian)(dian)流和低(di)功(gong)率的(de)電(dian)(dian)器(qi)，如(ru)手電(dian)(dian)筒、收音機、遙控器(qi)、鐘表等。這(zhe)些電(dian)(dian)器(qi)的(de)特點是用電(dian)(dian)量小(xiao)，對電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)性能要求不高，使用碳性干電(dian)(dian)池(chi)可以(yi)滿(man)足基本的(de)需求。

堿性干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)適合(he)用于高(gao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)和高(gao)功率的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器，如數碼(ma)相機、閃光燈、電(dian)(dian)(dian)動玩具、剃(ti)須(xu)刀、無線鼠(shu)標等。這些電(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)特點是用電(dian)(dian)(dian)量大，對電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)性能(neng)要求(qiu)高(gao)，使用堿性干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)可以(yi)保證電(dian)(dian)(dian)器的(de)正常工作和良(liang)好的(de)性能(neng)。

6、保質期和自放電不同

保(bao)質(zhi)期是(shi)指(zhi)電池(chi)在(zai)未使用(yong)的(de)(de)情況下，能夠保(bao)持一定的(de)(de)電量和性能的(de)(de)時間。自放電是(shi)指(zhi)電池(chi)在(zai)未使用(yong)的(de)(de)情況下，由于(yu)內(nei)部(bu)化學反應而逐漸損失電量的(de)(de)現象。

一般來說，堿性(xing)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的保質期(qi)要遠(yuan)遠(yuan)超過(guo)碳(tan)性(xing)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的保質期(qi)。碳(tan)性(xing)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的保質期(qi)一般為(wei)1-2年，而(er)堿性(xing)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的保質期(qi)一般為(wei)5-10年，甚(shen)至更長(chang)。堿性(xing)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)也比碳(tan)性(xing)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池低，一般為(wei)每(mei)年2-3%，而(er)碳(tan)性(xing)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的自放電(dian)(dian)(dian)一般為(wei)每(mei)年10-15%。這意味(wei)著堿性(xing)干電(dian)(dian)(dian)池可以更長(chang)時間地(di)保存和使(shi)用，不會(hui)因為(wei)時間過(guo)長(chang)而(er)失效。

7、環保性不同

碳性(xing)干電池(chi)中(zhong)含有(you)重金屬(shu)鎘和(he)水(shui)銀，這些物質對(dui)人體(ti)和(he)環(huan)境都有(you)危害，如果(guo)不經過回收處(chu)理(li)，就直接(jie)丟棄，會污(wu)染(ran)土壤和(he)水(shui)源，影(ying)響生態平衡。堿性(xing)干電池(chi)中(zhong)不含重金屬(shu)鎘和(he)水(shui)銀，相對(dui)來說要環(huan)保(bao)一些。

二、堿性干電池和碳性干電池哪個好

堿性(xing)(xing)干(gan)電(dian)池和碳(tan)(tan)性(xing)(xing)干(gan)電(dian)池對(dui)比起來，在很(hen)多方面都有所區別，不(bu)過并不(bu)一定(ding)堿性(xing)(xing)干(gan)電(dian)池就更好，或(huo)者碳(tan)(tan)性(xing)(xing)干(gan)電(dian)池更好，要根據設備功率(lv)需求、使用時間和環境(jing)考慮選擇：

一般來說，堿性(xing)干電(dian)池通常具(ju)有更高的(de)能量密度和(he)較長的(de)壽(shou)命，適合高耗能設備(bei)；而碳(tan)性(xing)干電(dian)池價格便宜，適用(yong)于低功率設備(bei)。

三、堿性干電池和碳性干電池可以共用嗎

堿性干電池和碳性干(gan)電池很多在外表(biao)上并(bing)沒有(you)多大區別(bie)，有(you)用(yong)戶可能會(hui)混用(yong)，不(bu)過一般這(zhe)兩種(zhong)干(gan)電池是不(bu)建議共用(yong)的(de)。

由于(yu)堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)和碳(tan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)正(zheng)極、負極及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解質均不(bu)同，因此他們的(de)操(cao)作電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和儲電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量都有所(suo)不(bu)同，一般來說，堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)容量是碳(tan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)的(de)五到(dao)六倍，而電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)也(ye)(ye)比碳(tan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)要(yao)大，混(hun)用的(de)話(hua)可能影(ying)響(xiang)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)；而且碳(tan)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)(chi)(chi)會更早用完(wan)，頻繁更換也(ye)(ye)麻(ma)煩(fan)，因此一般建(jian)議不(bu)要(yao)混(hun)用。