【國?名】大韓(han)民(min)國(Republic of Korea)。
【面?積】10.329萬平(ping)方公里。
【人?口】截至2023年,韓國人口(kou)約5143.9萬(wan)。為單一民族(zu),通(tong)用韓國語(yu),50%左(zuo)右的人口(kou)信(xin)奉佛教(jiao)、基督教(jiao)、天主教(jiao)等宗(zong)教(jiao)。
【首?都】首爾(Seoul),人口約942.8萬(截至2023年(nian)),面積605平方公里,年(nian)均氣(qi)溫(wen)11.6℃。
【國家元首】總統尹錫悅(Yoon Suk Yeol),2022年3月當選,2022年5月上(shang)任。
【重要節日】春節:陰(yin)歷正(zheng)(zheng)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)初(chu)一;元旦:1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri);獨立(li)運動紀(ji)念日(ri)(ri):3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)1日(ri)(ri);佛誕日(ri)(ri):陰(yin)歷四月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)初(chu)八;顯忠日(ri)(ri):6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)6日(ri)(ri);制憲節:7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)17日(ri)(ri);光復節:8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)15日(ri)(ri),紀(ji)念從(cong)日(ri)(ri)本殖民(min)統治下光復(1945年)和大韓民(min)國(guo)政府(fu)成(cheng)立(li)(1948年);中(zhong)秋(qiu)節:陰(yin)歷八月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)十五(wu);開天節:10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)3日(ri)(ri),傳說中(zhong)的古朝鮮建國(guo)日(ri)(ri);韓文節:10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)9日(ri)(ri),為(wei)紀(ji)念《訓民(min)正(zheng)(zheng)音》頒布(bu)而設立(li);圣誕節:12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)25日(ri)(ri)。
【簡?況】位(wei)于亞洲大(da)陸東北部朝鮮(xian)半島南(nan)半部。東、南(nan)、西三面環海。屬溫帶季(ji)風氣(qi)候,年均(jun)氣(qi)溫13℃-14℃,年均(jun)降水量(liang)約1300毫米(mi)-1500毫米(mi)。
【憲?法】1987年10月(yue)全民投票通(tong)過現(xian)行憲法,1988年2月(yue)25日(ri)生效。憲法規定,總統享有作為國家元首、政(zheng)府首腦和武裝力量總司令(ling)的權(quan)力,任期(qi)5年,不得連任。
【議?會】國(guo)會(hui),立法機構。主要(yao)職能包括:審議(yi)各項法案(an);審議(yi)國(guo)家預決算(suan);監察政府工作;批準對外條約以及同意宣戰或媾和、彈劾(he)總統和主要(yao)政府官員、否決總統的緊急命令等。實行一院制,共(gong)300個(ge)議(yi)席,議(yi)員任(ren)期4年。第21屆國(guo)會(hui)2020年4月選(xuan)出。國(guo)會(hui)設1名議(yi)長和2名副(fu)議(yi)長,由議(yi)員投票(piao)選(xuan)舉(ju)產生(sheng),現任(ren)議(yi)長金(jin)振杓,副(fu)議(yi)長鄭宇澤、金(jin)榮珠。
【政?府】設18部(bu)(bu)(bu)、5處、18廳,總(zong)統兼(jian)任(ren)政(zheng)府首腦,國(guo)(guo)務總(zong)理(li)輔助總(zong)統工作(zuo)。現任(ren)總(zong)理(li)韓德洙,2022年5月就(jiu)任(ren)。現任(ren)內閣主(zhu)要成員有(you):經濟副總(zong)理(li)兼(jian)企劃(hua)財政(zheng)部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)秋慶鎬(hao)、社會(hui)副總(zong)理(li)兼(jian)教(jiao)育部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)李(li)(li)周浩、科學(xue)技術信息通(tong)信部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)李(li)(li)宗昊(hao)、外(wai)交部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)樸振、統一(yi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)權(quan)寧世、法(fa)務部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)韓東勛、國(guo)(guo)防部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)李(li)(li)鐘(zhong)燮(xie)、行政(zheng)安(an)全部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)李(li)(li)祥敏(min)、文(wen)化(hua)體育觀光(guang)部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)樸普(pu)均、農林畜產(chan)食品部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)鄭煌根、產(chan)業通(tong)商資(zi)源部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)李(li)(li)昌(chang)洋(yang)、保健福祉部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)曺圭鴻、環(huan)境部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)韓和真(zhen)、雇傭勞動部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)李(li)(li)正(zheng)植(zhi)、女性家族部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)金(jin)賢淑(shu)、國(guo)(guo)土交通(tong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)元喜龍、海洋(yang)水產(chan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)趙承煥、中小(xiao)風險企業部(bu)(bu)(bu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)官(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)李(li)(li)永。
【行政區劃】全(quan)國(guo)劃分為(wei)1個(ge)特(te)別(bie)(bie)市(shi)(shi)(shi):首(shou)爾(er)特(te)別(bie)(bie)市(shi)(shi)(shi);2個(ge)特(te)別(bie)(bie)自治市(shi)(shi)(shi)(道(dao)(dao)):世宗特(te)別(bie)(bie)自治市(shi)(shi)(shi)、濟(ji)州(zhou)特(te)別(bie)(bie)自治道(dao)(dao);8個(ge)道(dao)(dao):京畿道(dao)(dao)、江原道(dao)(dao)、忠(zhong)清北(bei)道(dao)(dao)、忠(zhong)清南道(dao)(dao)、全(quan)羅(luo)北(bei)道(dao)(dao)、全(quan)羅(luo)南道(dao)(dao)、慶(qing)尚北(bei)道(dao)(dao)、慶(qing)尚南道(dao)(dao);6個(ge)廣域市(shi)(shi)(shi):釜山、大邱、仁(ren)川、光州(zhou)、大田(tian)、蔚(yu)山。
【司法機構】審判(pan)機關有(you)大法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)、高(gao)等(deng)法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)、地(di)方法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)和家庭法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)。大法(fa)(fa)院(yuan)是最高(gao)審判(pan)機關,院(yuan)長(chang)由(you)總統任命(ming),須(xu)經國會同(tong)意,任期6年,不(bu)得(de)連任,現(xian)任院(yuan)長(chang)金命(ming)洙。另設有(you)憲法(fa)(fa)裁判(pan)所,現(xian)任所長(chang)劉南碩。
檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機關有大檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)廳(ting)(ting)、高等檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)廳(ting)(ting)和地方檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)廳(ting)(ting),隸屬法務部(bu)。大檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)廳(ting)(ting)是(shi)最高檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)機關,檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)總長由總統任命,無需國會同(tong)意。現任檢(jian)(jian)察(cha)總長李沅?。
【主要政黨】國(guo)(guo)民力量黨(dang)(dang):前身為(wei)(wei)1990年(nian)成立的民主(zhu)自由黨(dang)(dang),1995年(nian)改名(ming)為(wei)(wei)新(xin)韓國(guo)(guo)黨(dang)(dang),1997年(nian)新(xin)韓國(guo)(guo)黨(dang)(dang)和韓國(guo)(guo)民主(zhu)黨(dang)(dang)合并(bing),改稱大(da)國(guo)(guo)家黨(dang)(dang)。2012年(nian)2月(yue)(yue)改名(ming)為(wei)(wei)新(xin)國(guo)(guo)家黨(dang)(dang),2016年(nian)12月(yue)(yue)該(gai)(gai)黨(dang)(dang)部(bu)分議員退黨(dang)(dang),2017年(nian)2月(yue)(yue)更名(ming)為(wei)(wei)自由韓國(guo)(guo)黨(dang)(dang),2020年(nian)2月(yue)(yue)更名(ming)為(wei)(wei)未來統合黨(dang)(dang),同年(nian)9月(yue)(yue)更名(ming)為(wei)(wei)國(guo)(guo)民力量黨(dang)(dang)。2022年(nian)3月(yue)(yue),該(gai)(gai)黨(dang)(dang)候選(xuan)人尹(yin)錫(xi)悅贏(ying)得大(da)選(xuan)。
共(gong)同民(min)(min)主(zhu)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang):前身為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)金大中(zhong)領導的(de)新政(zheng)治(zhi)國(guo)民(min)(min)會議。1997年金大中(zhong)當選總(zong)統,該黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)執政(zheng)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)。2003年分裂為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)開放國(guo)民(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)和民(min)(min)主(zhu)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang),2008年2月(yue)(yue)合(he)(he)并為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)統合(he)(he)民(min)(min)主(zhu)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang),7月(yue)(yue)更(geng)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)民(min)(min)主(zhu)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)。2011年12月(yue)(yue),民(min)(min)主(zhu)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)與(yu)(yu)市民(min)(min)統合(he)(he)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)、韓國(guo)勞動組(zu)(zu)合(he)(he)總(zong)聯(lian)盟合(he)(he)并為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)民(min)(min)主(zhu)統合(he)(he)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)。2013年5月(yue)(yue)更(geng)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)民(min)(min)主(zhu)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)。2014年3月(yue)(yue)與(yu)(yu)以安哲秀為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)代表的(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)力量聯(lian)合(he)(he)組(zu)(zu)成新政(zheng)治(zhi)民(min)(min)主(zhu)聯(lian)合(he)(he)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)。2015年12月(yue)(yue)更(geng)名(ming)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)共(gong)同民(min)(min)主(zhu)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)。
【重要人物】尹錫悅:總統(tong)。1960年(nian)出(chu)生,首爾大學法(fa)學系畢業,長期(qi)在檢察(cha)系統(tong)工作,2019年(nian)任檢察(cha)總長,2021年(nian)辭(ci)去檢察(cha)總長職務,6月宣布參加總統(tong)選舉,7月加入國(guo)民(min)力量黨,11月當選該黨總統(tong)候選人(ren)。2022年(nian)3月10日,當選韓國(guo)第20屆總統(tong)。5月10日就職,任期(qi)5年(nian),不能連任。
【經?濟】20世紀(ji)60年(nian)(nian)代,韓國(guo)經濟開(kai)始起(qi)步。70年(nian)(nian)代以(yi)來,持續(xu)高速增長,人均國(guo)民生產總值從1962年(nian)(nian)的(de)87美元增至1996年(nian)(nian)的(de)10548美元,創(chuang)造了“漢(han)江(jiang)奇跡”。1996年(nian)(nian)加入經濟合作(zuo)與發展組織(OECD),同年(nian)(nian)成為世界貿(mao)易(yi)組織(WTO)創(chuang)始國(guo)之一。1997年(nian)(nian)亞洲金融危機(ji)后,韓國(guo)經濟進入中(zhong)速增長期(qi)。
產(chan)(chan)業(ye)以(yi)制(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)和服務業(ye)為(wei)主(zhu),造(zao)船、汽車、電子、鋼(gang)鐵、紡織等產(chan)(chan)業(ye)產(chan)(chan)量均(jun)進入世界前10名。大(da)企(qi)業(ye)集團(tuan)在韓國經濟中占有十分重要(yao)的地(di)位,目前主(zhu)要(yao)大(da)企(qi)業(ye)集團(tuan)有三星、現(xian)代汽車、SK、LG等。
2008年,受國(guo)(guo)際金融(rong)危機影響(xiang),韓(han)(han)國(guo)(guo)經濟(ji)明(ming)顯下滑。韓(han)(han)國(guo)(guo)政(zheng)(zheng)府迅速采(cai)取包括大規模財政(zheng)(zheng)刺(ci)激等一系列政(zheng)(zheng)策,金融(rong)市場全面回暖,實體(ti)經濟(ji)企穩回升,企業和消費者(zhe)信(xin)心不斷增強,成為經濟(ji)合作(zuo)與發展組織成員國(guo)(guo)中(zhong)率(lv)先走出(chu)谷底(di)的國(guo)(guo)家。
2022年主要經濟數據如下:
國內生產總值:1.66萬億美元。
人均國民(min)收(shou)入:3.3萬(wan)美元(yuan)。
經濟(ji)增長率:2.6%。
貨幣名稱:韓元。
匯率:1美(mei)元≈1332韓元(實行浮動匯率制)。
【資?源】礦(kuang)產資(zi)源(yuan)較(jiao)少(shao),已發(fa)現的(de)礦(kuang)物(wu)有280多種,其中有經濟(ji)價(jia)值的(de)50多種。有開采利用(yong)價(jia)值的(de)礦(kuang)物(wu)有鐵、無煙煤、鉛、鋅、鎢(wu)等,但儲量不大。自然資(zi)源(yuan)匱乏,主要工業原料均依賴進口。
【工?業】工礦(kuang)業產值占GDP的28.1%。
【農?業】現(xian)有(you)耕(geng)地面積156.5萬(wan)公(gong)頃,主要分(fen)布(bu)在西部和(he)(he)南部平(ping)原、丘陵地區。農(nong)業(ye)人(ren)口約占(zhan)總人(ren)口的4.2%。農(nong)業(ye)產值(含漁業(ye)和(he)(he)林業(ye))占(zhan)GDP的1.8%。
【旅游業】韓國(guo)(guo)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)業(ye)較為發(fa)達。近年來,韓政府將旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)業(ye)確定為戰(zhan)略產業(ye),積(ji)極鼓勵和發(fa)展旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)業(ye),通過對外(wai)宣傳(chuan)“韓流”文化、簡化熱點旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)地區入境(jing)手(shou)續、完善國(guo)(guo)內(nei)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)市場、改善國(guo)(guo)內(nei)旅(lv)(lv)游(you)(you)硬件(jian)設施、提(ti)升相關(guan)服務水平,吸引國(guo)(guo)外(wai)游(you)(you)客(ke)(ke)。據(ju)韓方統(tong)計,2019年訪韓外(wai)國(guo)(guo)游(you)(you)客(ke)(ke)1700余萬人次,創歷史最高(gao)。2022年,訪韓外(wai)國(guo)(guo)游(you)(you)客(ke)(ke)319.8萬人次。
【交通運輸】陸、海(hai)、空(kong)交通(tong)運輸(shu)均較(jiao)發達。全國已(yi)建(jian)成鐵路網和高速(su)公路網。
鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)(lu):鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)(lu)總長(chang)約4200公里。2004年3月,首爾(er)-釜山高(gao)速(su)鐵(tie)(tie)路(lu)(lu)開通(tong),全長(chang)412公里,最高(gao)時速(su)300公里。
公(gong)路(lu)(lu):公(gong)路(lu)(lu)總長(chang)約(yue)(yue)11.43萬(wan)公(gong)里,其中高速公(gong)路(lu)(lu)約(yue)(yue)4500公(gong)里。登記的汽車有2300多萬(wan)輛。
水運(yun)(yun):以(yi)海運(yun)(yun)為主。主要港口(kou)有:釜(fu)山、浦項(xiang)、仁川、群(qun)山、木(mu)浦、濟(ji)州(zhou)、麗(li)水等。
空運:現(xian)有8個(ge)國(guo)際機場:仁川、金浦、濟州、金海、清州、大邱、襄(xiang)陽(yang)、務安。
【財政金融】2022年(nian)韓(han)國財政(zheng)收(shou)支情況(kuang):財政(zheng)收(shou)入(ru)約(yue)617.8萬億(yi)(yi)(yi)韓(han)元,財政(zheng)支出約(yue)682.4萬億(yi)(yi)(yi)韓(han)元。截至(zhi)2022年(nian)12月底,韓(han)國外匯儲備約(yue)為4231.6億(yi)(yi)(yi)美元。
【對外貿易】2022年外貿(mao)總(zong)額1.42萬億(yi)美(mei)(mei)元,貿(mao)易逆(ni)差472.3億(yi)美(mei)(mei)元。其中,出口6839.5億(yi)美(mei)(mei)元,較(jiao)上(shang)(shang)年增(zeng)長6.1%;進口7311.8億(yi)美(mei)(mei)元,較(jiao)上(shang)(shang)年增(zeng)長18.9%。和(he)(he)世界上(shang)(shang)180多個國(guo)家(jia)和(he)(he)地區(qu)有經(jing)貿(mao)關系(xi),中國(guo)、美(mei)(mei)國(guo)、越南是韓國(guo)前(qian)三大貿(mao)易伙伴(ban)國(guo)。
主(zhu)要進口產品有(you)原油、半(ban)導體(ti)、天然氣、石油制品、半(ban)導體(ti)零部件、鋼板(ban)、煤炭、通(tong)訊器材(cai)(cai)、電(dian)纜等。主(zhu)要出口產品有(you)汽(qi)車(che)及零部件、半(ban)導體(ti)、有(you)線無線通(tong)訊器材(cai)(cai)、船(chuan)舶、石油制品、平板(ban)液晶顯示器、個(ge)人(ren)電(dian)腦、影視器材(cai)(cai)等。
【經濟團體】大韓商工會(hui)(hui)議所(KCCI):1948年7月(yue)正(zheng)式成立。是韓國最大的(de)(de)民(min)間(jian)經(jing)濟團(tuan)體(ti),現有正(zheng)式會(hui)(hui)員企(qi)業5.5萬(wan)家(jia),在韓國內有71家(jia)分支機(ji)構。主(zhu)要職(zhi)能是:調(diao)查了解企(qi)業情況,向(xiang)政府提出(chu)政策性意見和建議。作(zuo)(zuo)為民(min)間(jian)團(tuan)體(ti),對國內生產(chan)、物價(jia)等(deng)進行(xing)統計(ji)調(diao)查;組織、領導(dao)會(hui)(hui)員企(qi)業的(de)(de)技(ji)工培訓和技(ji)術交流(liu)活(huo)動(dong);負責與(yu)國外經(jing)濟團(tuan)體(ti)的(de)(de)交流(liu)與(yu)合作(zuo)(zuo);負責發放原產(chan)地證明等(deng)。1992年8月(yue)成立韓中民(min)間(jian)經(jing)濟協議會(hui)(hui),在北京設(she)有代表(biao)處(chu)。會(hui)(hui)長崔泰源。
韓(han)國貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)協會(KITA):成立于1946年(nian)。有會員企業(ye)8.6萬家。主要職(zhi)能(neng)是:研究韓(han)國的貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)政(zheng)策,向(xiang)政(zheng)府提(ti)出(chu)意(yi)見和(he)建議(yi);向(xiang)會員企業(ye)提(ti)供各種貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)咨(zi)詢和(he)信息服務,促進(jin)與(yu)世界各國的貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)合作,代培貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)業(ye)人(ren)員。多次協助中方在韓(han)舉辦貿(mao)(mao)易(yi)(yi)展,并組(zu)織(zhi)韓(han)企業(ye)赴(fu)華考察,組(zu)派采購(gou)團,在北京設(she)有國際事務支部(bu)。會長(chang)具滋烈。
全(quan)國(guo)(guo)經(jing)濟人聯(lian)合(he)會(hui)(FKI):成立于1961年(nian)。由制造(zao)業(ye)、貿易、金(jin)融、建設等各(ge)(ge)行(xing)業(ye)67個團體、韓國(guo)(guo)具有代(dai)表性的431家大(da)企業(ye)及4個名譽會(hui)員(yuan)組成。主要職能(neng)是:代(dai)表大(da)企業(ye)向(xiang)政府提出政策性意見和(he)建議;協助會(hui)員(yuan)企業(ye)加強與(yu)國(guo)(guo)際(ji)經(jing)濟組織和(he)國(guo)(guo)外企業(ye)的聯(lian)系;研(yan)究交(jiao)流經(jing)營(ying)理論和(he)經(jing)營(ying)方法;調(diao)查(cha)研(yan)究國(guo)(guo)內外經(jing)濟動向(xiang);加強與(yu)社(she)會(hui)各(ge)(ge)界的聯(lian)系,組織會(hui)員(yuan)企業(ye)開展各(ge)(ge)項公益(yi)事(shi)業(ye)。設有中國(guo)(guo)委(wei)員(yuan)會(hui),2003年(nian)5月成立全(quan)經(jing)聯(lian)中國(guo)(guo)論壇。會(hui)長(chang)許昌秀。
中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)中(zhong)央會(KBIZ):成(cheng)立于1962年。由中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)行業(ye)協會組(zu)成(cheng),2006年改用現名,有500多家注(zhu)冊(ce)會員(yuan)企(qi)業(ye)。主要(yao)職能是:維(wei)護中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)利益,代表(biao)中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)向政(zheng)府提(ti)出政(zheng)策性建議;通過下屬行業(ye)組(zu)織指導中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)發展,開展中(zhong)小(xiao)(xiao)企(qi)業(ye)經(jing)營研(yan)究,向會員(yuan)企(qi)業(ye)提(ti)供各種信息和咨詢;管理赴韓(han)外國勞工事(shi)務。會長(chang)金基文(wen)。
【教?育】1953年(nian)(nian)起實行小學(xue)六年(nian)(nian)制義務(wu)教育,從1993年(nian)(nian)起普(pu)及(ji)初(chu)中三年(nian)(nian)義務(wu)教育。高等教育機(ji)構80%為(wei)私立。2023年(nian)(nian)教育預算約(yue)96.3萬億(yi)韓元,較上(shang)年(nian)(nian)增(zeng)長14.4%。
全國(guo)各類學(xue)校(公立、私立)2萬余(yu)所(suo)。著名大(da)學(xue)有首爾大(da)學(xue)、延世大(da)學(xue)、高麗大(da)學(xue)等。
【新聞出版】新聞出版業(ye)發達。共有新聞機(ji)構230多(duo)家(jia),從業(ye)人(ren)員4萬多(duo)人(ren)。報(bao)社(she)120多(duo)家(jia),雜志(zhi)種類繁多(duo)。《朝鮮日(ri)報(bao)》(1920年3月創刊)、《中(zhong)央日(ri)報(bao)》(1965年9月創刊)、《東亞日(ri)報(bao)》(1920年4月創刊)是三大全國性日(ri)報(bao)。
通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)(xun)社(she):聯合通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)(xun)社(she),1980年由合同(tong)(tong)通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)(xun)社(she)和東洋通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)(xun)社(she)合并(bing)而成,1999年兼并(bing)內(nei)外通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)(xun)社(she)。該通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)(xun)社(she)在北京、華盛頓、紐(niu)約、洛杉磯、東京、巴(ba)黎(li)、倫(lun)敦、曼谷、莫斯(si)科等(deng)地設有分社(she),同(tong)(tong)40多家外國通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)(xun)社(she)簽(qian)有新聞交(jiao)換協定或合作協議。
主要廣播公司有:
韓國(guo)廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)公(gong)司(KBS):1927年開(kai)始(shi)試播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo),自1953年開(kai)始(shi)對外廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)。政府控股廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)公(gong)司,擁有全國(guo)性廣(guang)播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)網,目(mu)前用(yong)韓、英、漢、法(fa)、日等11種語言播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)音(yin)。電視(shi)(shi)臺成立于1961年12月。自1996年7月起(qi)開(kai)通(tong)多頻道衛星(xing)電視(shi)(shi)節目(mu),主要以數字信號播(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)(bo)放(fang)。
文化廣播(bo)公司(si)(MBC):1961年12月開辦,擁有(you)全(quan)國(guo)性廣播(bo)網。電(dian)視臺成立于(yu)1969年8月,在各(ge)大城市有(you)衛星(xing)轉播(bo)站。
首(shou)爾(er)廣播(bo)公(gong)司(SBS):1991年12月開播(bo)。
【韓朝關系】朝(chao)鮮(xian)戰爭停戰后(hou),朝(chao)鮮(xian)半(ban)島長期(qi)處于政治(zhi)對立(li)、軍事(shi)對峙、經濟隔絕狀態。1990年9月至1991年12月,韓(han)朝(chao)先后(hou)舉行5次(ci)總理會談(tan),簽署《南北和解、互(hu)不侵犯及(ji)交流(liu)合(he)作協議(yi)書》,發表《朝(chao)鮮(xian)半(ban)島無(wu)核化共同宣言(yan)》,韓(han)朝(chao)關(guan)系有所改善。此后(hou)受金日成逝世及(ji)朝(chao)鮮(xian)半(ban)島核等問題影響,韓(han)朝(chao)關(guan)系趨冷。
1998至2008年(nian)(nian),韓(han)國金(jin)(jin)大中(zhong)和(he)盧武(wu)(wu)鉉(xuan)兩(liang)任政府分別奉行(xing)對朝(chao)“陽光政策”及“和(he)平與(yu)繁榮政策”,推(tui)進南北和(he)解合(he)作。2000年(nian)(nian)6月和(he)2007年(nian)(nian)10月,金(jin)(jin)大中(zhong)、盧武(wu)(wu)鉉(xuan)分別訪朝(chao),同金(jin)(jin)正(zheng)日舉行(xing)首腦(nao)會晤,發表《南北共同宣(xuan)言》和(he)《南北關系發展與(yu)和(he)平繁榮宣(xuan)言》。其間韓(han)朝(chao)舉行(xing)多次官方會談和(he)一系列(lie)民間交(jiao)流活動,簽署多項合(he)作協議(yi)。
2008年至2016年李明博、樸槿惠任韓(han)國總(zong)統期間,南北關系(xi)時有起伏。2014年2月雙方舉(ju)行高級(ji)別會(hui)談和離散親屬會(hui)面。2015年8月和10月,雙方先后舉(ju)行高級(ji)別磋商和離散親屬會(hui)面。2016年2月韓(han)方關閉開城工業園。
2018年韓朝(chao)關系取得積極進展。1月,雙(shuang)方重啟(qi)板(ban)門(men)店熱線(xian)、西海軍事(shi)熱線(xian),舉行(xing)高級(ji)別(bie)會(hui)(hui)(hui)談(tan)。2月,朝(chao)方派高級(ji)別(bie)代表團赴韓出席平(ping)昌冬奧會(hui)(hui)(hui)開(kai)、閉(bi)幕式。文(wen)(wen)在(zai)寅(yin)(yin)總統特使訪朝(chao),金正(zheng)恩(en)委(wei)員長(chang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)見。4月,文(wen)(wen)在(zai)寅(yin)(yin)總統同金正(zheng)恩(en)委(wei)員長(chang)在(zai)板(ban)門(men)店舉行(xing)首次(ci)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤,發表《板(ban)門(men)店宣言》。5月雙(shuang)方再次(ci)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤。9月,文(wen)(wen)在(zai)寅(yin)(yin)總統訪朝(chao),雙(shuang)方第三次(ci)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤,簽署《9月平(ping)壤共同宣言》。
2019年6月,文(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅總(zong)統陪同美國總(zong)統特朗普訪問韓朝非(fei)軍事區(qu),在(zai)(zai)板門(men)店同金正(zheng)恩委員長再(zai)次(ci)會(hui)面。8月,文(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅總(zong)統發表“光復節”講話(hua),呼吁推進南北對(dui)話(hua)與和(he)解合(he)作。11月,文(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅總(zong)統邀(yao)請(qing)金正(zheng)恩委員長參加韓國—東盟特別(bie)峰會(hui),朝方(fang)拒絕。
2020年(nian)3月,文(wen)在寅總統(tong)同金(jin)正恩委員長就抗擊(ji)新冠肺炎疫情(qing)互(hu)致信函。
2020年5月,韓“脫(tuo)北者”團體在軍(jun)分線附近向(xiang)朝(chao)大量空飄(piao)傳單,朝(chao)反應強烈。6月,金正恩委(wei)員(yuan)長(chang)主持召開朝(chao)黨中央軍(jun)事委(wei)員(yuan)會會議,決定擱置對韓軍(jun)事行動計劃,韓朝(chao)緊張(zhang)關系(xi)有所(suo)緩和。
2020年9月,文(wen)在(zai)寅總統同金正恩委員(yuan)長就疫情(qing)、臺(tai)風(feng)、暴(bao)風(feng)雨等(deng)災害互(hu)致慰(wei)問函電。10月,金正恩委員(yuan)長在(zai)朝建黨75周年閱兵式(shi)講話中表(biao)示,期(qi)待朝韓再次早日握手。
2021年(nian)1月,金(jin)正恩委(wei)員長(chang)(chang)在朝(chao)黨(dang)八大上(shang)(shang)發表(biao)(biao)講話表(biao)(biao)示(shi),北南關系能否改善取決于南方態度。文在寅(yin)總統在新年(nian)記(ji)者會上(shang)(shang)表(biao)(biao)示(shi),愿隨(sui)時同金(jin)正恩委(wei)員長(chang)(chang)會面。7月,朝(chao)韓同時宣布,即日(ri)起恢復(fu)所有通訊(xun)聯絡(luo)線路(lu)。
2022年4月,文在寅總統(tong)即將離任之(zhi)際,朝韓領(ling)導(dao)人互致親(qin)筆信。5月,尹錫悅總統(tong)發表就職演講,表示將為(wei)和(he)平解(jie)決(jue)朝鮮半島核(he)問題打開對(dui)話(hua)之(zhi)門(men)。
【對外關系】二次大(da)戰后,韓國長期以對美(mei)外交為主。20世紀70年(nian)代(dai)初(chu)開始推(tui)行(xing)門戶開放政策(ce)。1988年(nian)盧泰愚(yu)政府上臺后,大(da)力推(tui)行(xing)“北方(fang)外交”,發展(zhan)與(yu)社會(hui)主義國家關系。其后歷(li)屆政府均推(tui)行(xing)積(ji)極(ji)外交政策(ce),近年(nian)來基本(ben)形(xing)成(cheng)了以韓美(mei)同盟為基軸、加(jia)強美(mei)、中、日、俄四大(da)國外交、積(ji)極(ji)參與(yu)地區與(yu)國際事(shi)務的多層次、全方(fang)位外交格局。
韓國與(yu)191個國家建立了(le)外交(jiao)關系,駐外外交(jiao)機構166個。
【同美國的關系】韓(han)(han)(han)(han)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)1949年(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)建交(jiao)。1953年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)韓(han)(han)(han)(han)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)簽署《韓(han)(han)(han)(han)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)防(fang)御條(tiao)約》,確(que)立(li)軍(jun)(jun)事同(tong)(tong)盟關系(xi)。目前(qian)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)在(zai)韓(han)(han)(han)(han)國(guo)有(you)2.85萬駐(zhu)軍(jun)(jun),掌握(wo)韓(han)(han)(han)(han)軍(jun)(jun)戰(zhan)時指揮權,對(dui)韓(han)(han)(han)(han)國(guo)負有(you)安全防(fang)衛義務。2017年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文在(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訪美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),特(te)朗(lang)(lang)普總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訪韓(han)(han)(han)(han)。2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)副(fu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)彭(peng)斯參加(jia)平(ping)昌冬奧會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)開幕式(shi),美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)顧(gu)問伊萬卡·特(te)朗(lang)(lang)普參加(jia)平(ping)昌冬奧會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)閉幕式(shi)。2018年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)、9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文在(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)兩次訪美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文在(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)APEC領導(dao)人非正式(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)議(yi)(yi)期間(jian)同(tong)(tong)彭(peng)斯副(fu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)晤。2019年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文在(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訪美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)。6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),特(te)朗(lang)(lang)普總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訪韓(han)(han)(han)(han)。9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文在(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)赴(fu)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)出(chu)席(xi)第74屆聯大(da)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)議(yi)(yi),并同(tong)(tong)特(te)朗(lang)(lang)普總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)晤。2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)1月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文在(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)致電(dian)祝賀拜(bai)登(deng)(deng)就(jiu)任美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文在(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)同(tong)(tong)拜(bai)登(deng)(deng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)通(tong)電(dian)話(hua)。5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文在(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訪美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)同(tong)(tong)拜(bai)登(deng)(deng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)談。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),尹(yin)錫悅(yue)當(dang)選(xuan)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)同(tong)(tong)拜(bai)登(deng)(deng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)通(tong)電(dian)話(hua)。2022年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),拜(bai)登(deng)(deng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訪韓(han)(han)(han)(han)。6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),尹(yin)錫悅(yue)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)出(chu)席(xi)北約領導(dao)人峰會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui),同(tong)(tong)拜(bai)登(deng)(deng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)舉(ju)(ju)行雙(shuang)邊會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)晤,韓(han)(han)(han)(han)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)日(ri)三國(guo)首(shou)(shou)腦舉(ju)(ju)行會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)談。8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)眾議(yi)(yi)長(chang)佩(pei)洛西訪韓(han)(han)(han)(han)。9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),尹(yin)錫悅(yue)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)赴(fu)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)出(chu)席(xi)聯大(da),期間(jian)同(tong)(tong)拜(bai)登(deng)(deng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)簡(jian)短交(jiao)談。同(tong)(tong)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),哈里斯副(fu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)訪韓(han)(han)(han)(han)。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),尹(yin)錫悅(yue)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)出(chu)席(xi)東亞(ya)系(xi)列(lie)峰會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui),同(tong)(tong)拜(bai)登(deng)(deng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)舉(ju)(ju)行雙(shuang)邊會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)晤,韓(han)(han)(han)(han)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)日(ri)三國(guo)首(shou)(shou)腦舉(ju)(ju)行會(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)(hui)談。2023年(nian)(nian)(nian)4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),尹(yin)錫悅(yue)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)對(dui)美(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)國(guo)進行國(guo)事訪問。
2022年(nian),韓自美(mei)進口(kou)(kou)額為817.8億美(mei)元,對美(mei)出口(kou)(kou)額為1098.2億美(mei)元,韓方順差280.4億美(mei)元。
【同日本的關系】韓(han)日(ri)1965年(nian)建交。兩國(guo)(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)各領(ling)域(yu)有著廣泛的(de)交流與合作,但歷史等問(wen)題仍(reng)是干擾兩國(guo)(guo)(guo)關系的(de)因素(su)。2017年(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)特使訪問(wen)日(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)。7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)德國(guo)(guo)(guo)漢堡同(tong)(tong)安(an)倍(bei)(bei)晉(jin)(jin)三首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。2018年(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),安(an)倍(bei)(bei)晉(jin)(jin)三首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)赴(fu)韓(han)出席(xi)平昌冬奧會(hui)(hui)(hui)開幕式,文(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)同(tong)(tong)其會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)赴(fu)日(ri)出席(xi)第七(qi)次(ci)中日(ri)韓(han)領(ling)導人(ren)會(hui)(hui)(hui)議(yi)期間(jian)(jian)同(tong)(tong)安(an)倍(bei)(bei)晉(jin)(jin)三首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。2019年(nian)7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),日(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)對(dui)3種半導體核心原料加(jia)強對(dui)韓(han)出口管制。8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),日(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)決定將韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)剔(ti)除出享受(shou)(shou)出口管理優惠待遇的(de)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家“白(bai)名單”。10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)總(zong)(zong)理李(li)洛淵(yuan)赴(fu)日(ri)參加(jia)新天(tian)皇即位慶典,同(tong)(tong)安(an)倍(bei)(bei)晉(jin)(jin)三首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)同(tong)(tong)安(an)倍(bei)(bei)晉(jin)(jin)三首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)在(zai)(zai)東(dong)亞(ya)系列峰(feng)會(hui)(hui)(hui)期間(jian)(jian)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。12月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)來華(hua)出席(xi)第八(ba)次(ci)中日(ri)韓(han)領(ling)導人(ren)會(hui)(hui)(hui)議(yi)期間(jian)(jian)同(tong)(tong)安(an)倍(bei)(bei)晉(jin)(jin)三首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。2020年(nian)9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),文(wen)(wen)(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)同(tong)(tong)日(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)新任(ren)首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)菅義(yi)偉(wei)通(tong)電(dian)話并(bing)互致信(xin)函(han)。2022年(nian)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),尹錫(xi)悅(yue)當(dang)選總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)同(tong)(tong)岸(an)(an)(an)田(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)雄首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)通(tong)電(dian)話。7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)長樸振訪日(ri),同(tong)(tong)日(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben)外(wai)(wai)相(xiang)林芳正舉(ju)行會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu),拜(bai)會(hui)(hui)(hui)岸(an)(an)(an)田(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)雄首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)。9月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),韓(han)德洙總(zong)(zong)理率團訪日(ri),出席(xi)安(an)倍(bei)(bei)晉(jin)(jin)三前首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)國(guo)(guo)(guo)葬,并(bing)同(tong)(tong)岸(an)(an)(an)田(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)雄首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),尹錫(xi)悅(yue)總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)同(tong)(tong)岸(an)(an)(an)田(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)雄首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)通(tong)電(dian)話。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),尹錫(xi)悅(yue)總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)出席(xi)東(dong)亞(ya)系列峰(feng)會(hui)(hui)(hui),同(tong)(tong)岸(an)(an)(an)田(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)雄首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)舉(ju)行雙邊會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。2023年(nian)3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)長樸振公布韓(han)方(fang)解決強征(zheng)勞工受(shou)(shou)害者賠償問(wen)題的(de)方(fang)案。3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),尹錫(xi)悅(yue)總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)訪問(wen)日(ri)本(ben)(ben)(ben),同(tong)(tong)岸(an)(an)(an)田(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)雄首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)舉(ju)行會(hui)(hui)(hui)談。5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),尹錫(xi)悅(yue)總(zong)(zong)統(tong)(tong)接(jie)待來訪的(de)岸(an)(an)(an)田(tian)文(wen)(wen)(wen)雄首(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)(shou)相(xiang)。7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),雙方(fang)在(zai)(zai)北約峰(feng)會(hui)(hui)(hui)期間(jian)(jian)再次(ci)會(hui)(hui)(hui)面。
2022年,韓國自(zi)日進(jin)口(kou)額為547億(yi)(yi)美(mei)元,對(dui)日出口(kou)額為306.3億(yi)(yi)美(mei)元,韓方逆差240.7億(yi)(yi)美(mei)元。
【同俄羅斯的關系】韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)與前蘇聯1990年(nian)9月(yue)(yue)建交(jiao)。前蘇聯解(jie)體后,韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)同俄(e)(e)羅(luo)斯繼續保(bao)持外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)交(jiao)關系。2017年(nian)7月(yue)(yue),文(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)同普(pu)京(jing)(jing)總(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)德國(guo)(guo)(guo)漢堡會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。9月(yue)(yue),文(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)訪俄(e)(e),同普(pu)京(jing)(jing)總(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。2018年(nian)6月(yue)(yue),文(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)訪俄(e)(e),同普(pu)京(jing)(jing)總(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。11月(yue)(yue),文(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)在(zai)(zai)APEC領(ling)導人非(fei)正式(shi)會(hui)(hui)(hui)議期(qi)間(jian)同普(pu)京(jing)(jing)總(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。2019年(nian)6月(yue)(yue),韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)交(jiao)部(bu)長官康京(jing)(jing)和在(zai)(zai)莫斯科同俄(e)(e)羅(luo)斯外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)長拉夫羅(luo)夫舉(ju)行會(hui)(hui)(hui)談。2020年(nian)9月(yue)(yue),文(wen)在(zai)(zai)寅(yin)總(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)同普(pu)京(jing)(jing)總(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)就韓(han)俄(e)(e)建交(jiao)30周(zhou)年(nian)通電話并互致賀電。2022年(nian)7至8月(yue)(yue),韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)交(jiao)部(bu)長官樸(pu)振與俄(e)(e)羅(luo)斯外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)長拉夫羅(luo)夫在(zai)(zai)二十(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)集團(G20)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)長會(hui)(hui)(hui)及(ji)東(dong)(dong)亞(ya)(ya)峰(feng)會(hui)(hui)(hui)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)長會(hui)(hui)(hui)期(qi)間(jian)會(hui)(hui)(hui)晤(wu)。2023年(nian)3月(yue)(yue),韓(han)因(yin)跟隨(sui)美歐(ou)對俄(e)(e)制(zhi)裁(cai),被俄(e)(e)列為不友(you)好國(guo)(guo)(guo)家。2023年(nian)7月(yue)(yue),尹錫悅總(zong)統(tong)(tong)(tong)出(chu)(chu)席(xi)北約峰(feng)會(hui)(hui)(hui)后訪問烏克(ke)蘭,同月(yue)(yue)韓(han)、俄(e)(e)外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)長在(zai)(zai)印尼出(chu)(chu)席(xi)東(dong)(dong)亞(ya)(ya)合作系列外(wai)(wai)(wai)(wai)長會(hui)(hui)(hui)期(qi)間(jian)會(hui)(hui)(hui)面。
2022年,韓國自俄(e)進口額(e)為(wei)148.2億美(mei)元,對俄(e)出口額(e)為(wei)63.3億美(mei)元,韓方逆差84.9億美(mei)元。(資(zi)料來源(yuan):中國外(wai)交部網站(zhan))