京時間(jian)2015年(nian)5月8日2015福(fu)布斯全球(qiu)企業(ye)2000強榜(bang)(bang)單(dan)(dan)出(chu)爐(lu)。福(fu)布斯全球(qiu)企業(ye)2000強榜(bang)(bang)單(dan)(dan)是一(yi)份(fen)非常全面的榜(bang)(bang)單(dan)(dan),收錄了根據(ju)營收、利潤、資產和市值(zhi)這四(si)大(da)指標(biao)評出(chu)的全球(qiu)規模最大(da)、最有(you)實力的上市公司。
榜(bang)單(dan)使用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)評分(fen)(fen),對上(shang)述四(si)項指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)分(fen)(fen)配了(le)同等(deng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)權(quan)重(zhong),市(shi)值(zhi)(zhi)計(ji)(ji)算截取(qu)自2015年4月(yue)6日的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收盤(pan)價,囊括所有發行在(zai)(zai)外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)普通股。美國(guo)(guo)、加(jia)拿大及(ji)離岸(如百(bai)慕大)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)采用近(jin)12個(ge)(ge)(ge)月(yue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)務(wu)數(shu)(shu)據(銷(xiao)售(shou)額、利(li)潤(run)與資產(chan)),國(guo)(guo)際公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)采用最(zui)近(jin)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)財(cai)(cai)政年度的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)財(cai)(cai)務(wu)數(shu)(shu)據。按照以下(xia)四(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)創(chuang)建(jian)了(le)四(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)獨立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)榜(bang)單(dan):銷(xiao)售(shou)額2000強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),利(li)潤(run)2000強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),資產(chan)2000強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang),市(shi)值(zhi)(zhi)2000強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)。其(qi)中(zhong)每個(ge)(ge)(ge)榜(bang)單(dan)都有一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)條以最(zui)低上(shang)榜(bang)數(shu)(shu)額表示的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)格線(xian):銷(xiao)售(shou)額41.6億美元,利(li)潤(run)2.67億美元,資產(chan)85.7億美元,市(shi)值(zhi)(zhi)54.9億美元。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)必須躋身至(zhi)少一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)分(fen)(fen)榜(bang)單(dan),才有資格加(jia)入全球2000強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)終競逐。今(jin)年四(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)分(fen)(fen)榜(bang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)榜(bang)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)總計(ji)(ji)有3,400家(jia)(jia)(jia),其(qi)中(zhong)每家(jia)(jia)(jia)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)至(zhi)少躋身其(qi)中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)榜(bang)單(dan)。按照在(zai)(zai)分(fen)(fen)榜(bang)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)排(pai)(pai)名(ming),每家(jia)(jia)(jia)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)可(ke)獲得(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)(ge)獨立的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)評分(fen)(fen),若在(zai)(zai)某項指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)2000強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)分(fen)(fen)榜(bang)排(pai)(pai)名(ming)中(zhong)低于合(he)(he)格線(xian),則該(gai)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)在(zai)(zai)這一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)得(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)為零(ling)。四(si)個(ge)(ge)(ge)指(zhi)(zhi)標(biao)(biao)(權(quan)重(zhong)相等(deng))分(fen)(fen)數(shu)(shu)相加(jia),得(de)(de)出每家(jia)(jia)(jia)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)基于銷(xiao)售(shou)額、利(li)潤(run)、資產(chan)與市(shi)值(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)得(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)。綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)得(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)從高到低排(pai)(pai)列,得(de)(de)出全球2000強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)排(pai)(pai)名(ming)。得(de)(de)分(fen)(fen)最(zui)高者排(pai)(pai)名(ming)最(zui)高。財(cai)(cai)務(wu)數(shu)(shu)據由母(mu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)合(he)(he)并(bing)計(ji)(ji)算的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上(shang)市(shi)子公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)被排(pai)(pai)除在(zai)(zai)榜(bang)單(dan)之外。按照大多數(shu)(shu)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會計(ji)(ji)規則,母(mu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)在(zai)(zai)子公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)持(chi)股50%以上(shang)時(shi),子公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)財(cai)(cai)務(wu)可(ke)并(bing)入母(mu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)些國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)會計(ji)(ji)規則允許(xu)母(mu)公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)在(zai)(zai)持(chi)股50%以下(xia)時(shi)合(he)(he)并(bing)計(ji)(ji)算子公(gong)(gong)司(si)(si)(si)(si)(si)財(cai)(cai)務(wu)。
今年登上福(fu)布斯全(quan)球企業2000強榜(bang)單的公司來自61個國家和地區,總(zong)(zong)營(ying)收達到(dao)(dao)了39萬億美元(yuan),總(zong)(zong)利潤3萬億美元(yuan),總(zong)(zong)資(zi)產價值162萬億美元(yuan),總(zong)(zong)市(shi)值48萬億美元(yuan)。受到(dao)(dao)牛市(shi)的推動,入選(xuan)全(quan)球企業2000強的公司的總(zong)(zong)市(shi)值同比增(zeng)長了9%,在四項指(zhi)標中(zhong)增(zeng)幅最大。
榜(bang)(bang)(bang)單(dan)(dan)中(zhong)(zhong)27家(jia)俄羅(luo)斯(si)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司進(jin)入(ru)(ru)該榜(bang)(bang)(bang)單(dan)(dan)。俄羅(luo)斯(si)天(tian)(tian)然(ran)氣工業(ye)股份公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司在(zai)全球(qiu)企(qi)業(ye)2000強中(zhong)(zhong)排(pai)在(zai)第28位,也在(zai)所有(you)入(ru)(ru)榜(bang)(bang)(bang)的俄羅(luo)斯(si)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司中(zhong)(zhong)排(pai)在(zai)第一(yi)(yi)位。此外(wai),進(jin)入(ru)(ru)該榜(bang)(bang)(bang)單(dan)(dan)的俄羅(luo)斯(si)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司還包括俄羅(luo)斯(si)石(shi)油公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司、盧(lu)克(ke)石(shi)油公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司、儲蓄銀(yin)行、蘇爾(er)(er)古特(te)石(shi)油天(tian)(tian)然(ran)氣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司、俄羅(luo)斯(si)石(shi)油運輸公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司、諾里(li)爾(er)(er)斯(si)克(ke)鎳(nie)業(ye)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司、俄羅(luo)斯(si)外(wai)貿(mao)銀(yin)行、韃靼石(shi)油公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司和(he)(he)Novatek天(tian)(tian)然(ran)氣公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司。莫斯(si)科交易所和(he)(he)聯合航(hang)空(kong)制(zhi)造公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司也首次(ci)進(jin)入(ru)(ru)福(fu)布(bu)斯(si)全球(qiu)企(qi)業(ye)2000強榜(bang)(bang)(bang)單(dan)(dan)。日本今(jin)年(nian)滑(hua)落至第三位,有(you)218家(jia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司上榜(bang)(bang)(bang),而(er)英國(guo)保住(zhu)了第四的位置,有(you)95家(jia)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司上榜(bang)(bang)(bang)。今(jin)年(nian)歐(ou)洲總(zong)共失(shi)去了20個(ge)席位,上榜(bang)(bang)(bang)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司總(zong)數為486家(jia),在(zai)按大洲進(jin)行的排(pai)名中(zhong)(zhong),進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)落后于亞洲(691家(jia))和(he)(he)北美(645家(jia))。法國(guo)在(zai)國(guo)家(jia)排(pai)名中(zhong)(zhong)跌出(chu)前五,被韓國(guo)取代。今(jin)年(nian)兩個(ge)國(guo)家(jia)首次(ci)有(you)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司上榜(bang)(bang)(bang),分別是(shi)阿(a)根(gen)廷和(he)(he)塞浦路斯(si)。伯克(ke)希爾(er)(er)-哈撒韋(Berkshire Hathaway)仍然(ran)穩居第五,這家(jia)由沃倫·巴(ba)菲特(te)(Warren Buffet)執(zhi)掌的企(qi)業(ye)集團成(cheng)為今(jin)年(nian)美國(guo)最大的公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)司。