北京(jing)(jing)有著三千余年(nian)的(de)建(jian)城史(shi)(shi)和(he)八百(bai)五十余年(nian)的(de)建(jian)都(dou)(dou)史(shi)(shi),民(min)國(guo)(guo)時期,稱北平。新中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)成立后,是中(zhong)(zhong)華人民(min)共和(he)國(guo)(guo)的(de)首都(dou)(dou),簡稱“京(jing)(jing)”,現為中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)四個中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)直轄(xia)市(shi)之一,全國(guo)(guo)第二大城市(shi)及(ji)政(zheng)治、交(jiao)(jiao)通和(he)文(wen)化(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)。北京(jing)(jing)是中(zhong)(zhong)華人民(min)共和(he)國(guo)(guo)首都(dou)(dou)、中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)直轄(xia)市(shi)、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)國(guo)(guo)家中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)城市(shi),中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)政(zheng)治、文(wen)化(hua)、教育和(he)國(guo)(guo)際交(jiao)(jiao)流中(zhong)(zhong)心(xin)。