【什(shen)么(me)是(shi)刨花板】刨花板是(shi)什(shen)么(me) 密度板和刨花板的區別有哪些(xie)嗎
密(mi)(mi)(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)表面光滑平整(zheng)、材質細密(mi)(mi)(mi)、性(xing)(xing)(xing)能穩定、邊緣牢固,而且板(ban)(ban)(ban)材表面的(de)(de)裝飾(shi)性(xing)(xing)(xing)好(hao),不足(zu)之處是(shi)密(mi)(mi)(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)耐潮性(xing)(xing)(xing)較(jiao)(jiao)差(cha)(cha),且相比之下,密(mi)(mi)(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)握釘力(li)較(jiao)(jiao)刨花板(ban)(ban)(ban)差(cha)(cha),螺釘旋緊后(hou)如果發生松動,由(you)于密(mi)(mi)(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)強度不高再(zai)固,很(hen)難定。刨花板(ban)(ban)(ban)主(zhu)要優點是(shi)價格(ge)極其便宜,但是(shi)其缺點也很(hen)明(ming)顯:強度極差(cha)(cha),一(yi)般不適宜制作較(jiao)(jiao)大型(xing)或者有力(li)學要求的(de)(de)家私。下面我(wo)們來一(yi)一(yi)細看密(mi)(mi)(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)和刨花板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)優點和缺點。
一、密度板
密(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)也稱纖維(wei)板(ban)(ban),是(shi)以(yi)木(mu)質纖維(wei)或(huo)其他植物纖維(wei)為原料(liao),施(shi)加(jia)脲醛樹(shu)脂(zhi)或(huo)其他適用的(de)膠粘劑制成的(de)人造板(ban)(ban)材。按(an)其額度(du)(du)的(de)不(bu)同,分為高密(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)、中密(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)、低密(mi)(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)。
二、密度板的規格厚度
按密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)的不同,可分為高密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)板、中密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)板、低(di)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)板(中密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)板密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)為450公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)-600公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/立(li)方米,高密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)板密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)≥600公(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/立(li)方米以(yi)上(shang))。常用規格有1220*2440mm和1525*2440mm兩種。
厚度有:3mm、5mm、9mm、12mm、15mm、16mm、18mm、20mm、25mm、30mm。
三、主要用途
主要用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)強化木地板(ban)(ban)(ban)、門板(ban)(ban)(ban)、隔(ge)墻、家具等(deng),密(mi)(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)在家裝(zhuang)中(zhong)主要用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)混油工藝的(de)表(biao)面處理;一般做(zuo)(zuo)家具用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)中(zhong)密(mi)(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban),因(yin)為高密(mi)(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)密(mi)(mi)度太高,很容易(yi)開裂,所以沒有辦(ban)法做(zuo)(zuo)家具。一般高密(mi)(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來做(zuo)(zuo)室內外裝(zhuang)潢、辦(ban)公和民用(yong)(yong)(yong)家具、音(yin)響、車輛內部裝(zhuang)飾,還可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)作(zuo)計算(suan)機房抗靜電地板(ban)(ban)(ban)、護(hu)墻板(ban)(ban)(ban)、防盜門、墻板(ban)(ban)(ban)、隔(ge)板(ban)(ban)(ban)等(deng)的(de)制作(zuo)材料。它還是(shi)(shi)包裝(zhuang)的(de)良(liang)好材料。未(wei)來更(geng)是(shi)(shi)作(zuo)為基材用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)制作(zuo)強化木地板(ban)(ban)(ban)等(deng)。
四、選購技巧
環保
根據國家標(biao)準,密度板按(an)照其游離甲(jia)醛含量(liang)的多(duo)少可(ke)分為(wei)E0級、E1級、E2級。E2級甲(jia)醛釋放(fang)(fang)量(liang)為(wei)≤5mg/L;E1級甲(jia)醛釋放(fang)(fang)量(liang)為(wei)≤1.5mg/L,可(ke)直接用(yong)于室內裝修;E0級甲(jia)醛釋放(fang)(fang)量(liang)為(wei)≤0.5mg/L。消費者在選購密度板時,應盡量(liang)購買甲(jia)醛釋放(fang)(fang)量(liang)低(di)的商(shang)品(pin),這(zhe)類商(shang)品(pin)更安全。
密(mi)度板(ban)的(de)甲醛含量相對(dui)較高,家里(li)如果有(you)密(mi)度板(ban)的(de)材料,建(jian)議使用光觸媒或液體瑪雅藍處(chu)理。
質量
表(biao)(biao)面清(qing)潔(jie)度:表(biao)(biao)面清(qing)潔(jie)度好(hao)的密(mi)度板表(biao)(biao)面應無明顯的顆粒。顆粒是壓制(zhi)過程中帶入雜(za)質造成的,不僅(jin)影(ying)響美觀,而且使漆膜容易剝(bo)落。 密(mi)度板。
表面(mian)光滑度:用手撫摸表面(mian)時應(ying)有(you)光滑感覺(jue),如感覺(jue)較澀則(ze)說明(ming)加工不到(dao)位。
表(biao)面平整(zheng)度:密度板表(biao)面應光亮平整(zheng),如從側面看去表(biao)面不平整(zheng),則說明材料或涂料工藝有問(wen)題(ti)。
整體彈性:較硬的板子(zi)一定是劣(lie)質產品。
密度板的優點:
1、密度(du)板變(bian)形(xing)小,翹(qiao)曲小。
2、密度(du)板有較高的抗彎強度(du)和(he)沖(chong)擊(ji)強度(du)。
3、密度板(ban)很容易進行涂(tu)飾加工(gong)。各種(zhong)涂(tu)料、油漆類均可均勻的(de)涂(tu)在密度板(ban)上,是(shi)做油漆效果的(de)首選基材。
4、密度板又是一種美(mei)觀的裝飾板材(cai)。
5、密度板各種木皮(pi)、膠(jiao)紙薄膜、飾面(mian)板、輕金屬薄板等材料均可膠(jiao)貼在(zai)密度板表(biao)面(mian)上。
6、硬質(zhi)密(mi)度板(ban)(ban)經沖(chong)制(zhi),鉆孔,還可(ke)制(zhi)成吸(xi)聲板(ban)(ban),應(ying)用于建筑的裝飾工程中。
7、物理性能極好(hao),材(cai)質均勻,不存(cun)在脫水問題。中密度板(ban)的(de)(de)性能接近(jin)于天然木(mu)材(cai),但無天然木(mu)材(cai)的(de)(de)缺陷。
密度板的缺點:
1、密度板的握釘力較差(cha)。
2、重量比(bi)較大,刨切較難(nan)。
3、密度(du)板的(de)最大(da)的(de)缺點就是不防潮,見水就發脹。在用(yong)密度(du)踢腳板,門套板,窗臺板時應該(gai)注意六面都刷漆,這樣才(cai)不會變形。
二、刨花板
刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)板(ban)又(you)叫微(wei)粒板(ban)、蔗渣板(ban),由木材或其他木質(zhi)纖維素材料(liao)制成的(de)碎(sui)(sui)料(liao),施加膠粘劑(ji)后在熱力和壓力作(zuo)用(yong)下膠合成的(de)人造板(ban),又(you)稱碎(sui)(sui)料(liao)板(ban)。按壓制方法可分為擠壓刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)板(ban)、平壓刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)板(ban)二類,主要(yao)用(yong)于(yu)家具和建筑工業及(ji)火(huo)車、汽(qi)車車廂制造。
刨花板的優點:
1、有(you)良(liang)好的吸音、隔音性能。
2、易于(yu)實現自動化、連續化生產(chan),便(bian)于(yu)儲(chu)存。
3、表面平整,厚度誤(wu)差小,耐污染(ran)、耐老化,可進行(xing)油漆和各種貼面。
4、價格便宜。
刨花板的缺點:
1、在裁板時容易(yi)造成暴齒現(xian)(xian)象,所以(yi)部分工藝對加(jia)工設備(bei)要求高,不易(yi)現(xian)(xian)場制作。
2、強(qiang)度極差(cha)。一般不適宜做較大(da)型或者有(you)力學(xue)要(yao)求的家(jia)私。
3、內部為顆粒(li)狀(zhuang)結構,不(bu)易于(yu)銑型(xing)。
密度板和刨花板的區別
1.結構
刨花板(ban)(ban)屬于多層結(jie)(jie)構,表面與(yu)密度(du)板(ban)(ban)相(xiang)當,致密程(cheng)度(du)好;內部是保留了纖維(wei)結(jie)(jie)構的(de)層片(pian)狀木屑(xie),以特定工藝保持層片(pian)結(jie)(jie)構,非常接近于天然實木板(ban)(ban)材的(de)結(jie)(jie)構。
2.用材
密(mi)度板使用林工(gong)產(chan)業(ye)最(zui)末端的鋸(ju)末,材料(liao)本身已完(wan)全不具備纖維(wei)結(jie)構(gou)。刨花板使用的層片狀木(mu)屑保留了纖維(wei)結(jie)構(gou),是(shi)由(you)不成材的樹(shu)木(mu)枝杈經機械專門加工(gong)而成,而非下腳料(liao)。
3.加工工藝
由于(yu)密度(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)原料(liao)接(jie)近粉末狀,相同體積(ji)的(de)材(cai)料(liao),其表面積(ji)遠(yuan)遠(yuan)大于(yu)刨花板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)使用的(de)層片狀木(mu)屑。板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)粘接(jie)成型(xing)所消耗的(de)粘接(jie)劑(ji)也遠(yuan)遠(yuan)超(chao)過(guo)刨花板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),這(zhe)決定了密度(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)價格(ge)(ge)、密度(du)(比重)、甲醛含(han)量均高(gao)于(yu)刨花板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。由此可(ke)知(zhi),密度(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)價格(ge)(ge)高(gao)是因(yin)為成本高(gao)而非性能高(gao)。
現代的刨花板(ban)(ban)生產(chan)(chan)工藝采用(yong)空中霧化噴粘接劑及(ji)分層工藝,使粘接劑用(yong)量(liang)更低(di),板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)結構(gou)更合理,因(yin)而質量(liang)更佳。我公司采用(yong)的板(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)就是(shi)此(ci)種(zhong)工藝生產(chan)(chan)的。
4.適用范圍
密(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)由(you)(you)于(yu)內部結(jie)構(gou)均勻(yun)細膩,在家(jia)具行業(ye)(ye)中,廣(guang)泛用(yong)于(yu)替代(dai)木材(cai)加(jia)工花線、雕(diao)刻(ke)類產品,如歐式家(jia)具門(men)板(ban)(ban)(ban)、帽子(zi)、裝飾柱(zhu)等。刨花板(ban)(ban)(ban)由(you)(you)于(yu)不(bu)易(yi)彎(wan)曲變形(xing)、強重比高、握釘(ding)力好、甲醛含量低而(er)廣(guang)泛用(yong)于(yu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)式家(jia)具行業(ye)(ye)。國(guo)際頂級品牌和國(guo)內知名企業(ye)(ye)大多(duo)選(xuan)擇(ze)優質刨花板(ban)(ban)(ban)。
5.防潮性
密度板是木粉(fen)末經壓(ya)制后成型,表(biao)(biao)面(mian)平(ping)整度較好,所以(yi)當表(biao)(biao)面(mian)需(xu)要鏤(lou)銑、成型,而粘貼表(biao)(biao)面(mian)又為較軟(ruan)質地時(如鏤(lou)花(hua)吸塑(su)板),常(chang)使用(yong)中(zhong)密度板以(yi)保證覆膜后表(biao)(biao)面(mian)平(ping)整。但由(you)于原(yuan)料全部是極細的木粉(fen)末,從防潮性能看,若(ruo)將(jiang)刨花(hua)板浸(jin)泡在(zai)水中(zhong),因(yin)刨花(hua)板中(zhong)有木質長纖(xian)維,更多的保留了木材的結構,所以(yi)刨花(hua)板膨脹到一定(ding)程度將(jiang)不再膨脹(8%-10%)。因(yin)此(ci)防潮綜合性能可以(yi)說(shuo)刨花(hua)板優(you)于密度板。因(yin)此(ci)歐(ou)美家具廚柜公司(si)沒(mei)有較普遍使用(yong)密度板為箱體材料有一定(ding)的道理。
6.環保性
日前(qian)歐(ou)美(mei)幾乎(hu)所(suo)(suo)有的(de)家具(ju)(ju)、廚柜(ju)廠(chang)都(dou)使(shi)用刨(bao)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),如德國(guo)久負盛名的(de) BERLONIROSSI、S-BEKA等都(dou)使(shi)用刨(bao)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),國(guo)內幾家大廠(chang)由于(yu)使(shi)用全套進口設備(投資在(zai)2億元以(yi)(yi)上),也能生產出(chu)分(fen)子(zi)結構緊(jin)密(mi)(mi)、抗(kang)彎強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)的(de)刨(bao)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)來說,如果(guo)表面裝飾面為(wei)德國(guo)進口的(de),大多為(wei)大廠(chang)生產,且(qie)用于(yu)高(gao)檔家具(ju)(ju),買家與(yu)供應(ying)商都(dou)比較(jiao)重視(shi)市場信譽(yu),所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)出(chu)問題的(de)較(jiao)少(shao)(shao)(shao)。只是(shi)目前(qian)有一(yi)(yi)些國(guo)內小(xiao)廠(chang)只能生產一(yi)(yi)些普通(tong)常見(jian)的(de)白光板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、櫸木紋板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),由于(yu)設備、生產工藝落后(hou)(hou)(hou),生產的(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)在(zai)承重及(ji)抗(kang)彎曲、變形強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)方(fang)面都(dou)較(jiao)差,制做的(de)家具(ju)(ju)緊(jin)固后(hou)(hou)(hou)容易松(song)動,松(song)動后(hou)(hou)(hou)再緊(jin)固強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du)不(bu)(bu)足,遇水(shui)后(hou)(hou)(hou)迅速膨脹。并(bing)且(qie)甲(jia)醛(quan)(quan)含(han)量(liang)(liang)極高(gao),超過(guo)(guo)國(guo)家標準(zhun)幾十(shi)倍(bei),對(dui)人體危害很(hen)大。正是(shi)此種板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)的(de)品(pin)質(zhi)玷污了刨(bao)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)聲譽(yu),而使(shi)消費者誤認為(wei)刨(bao)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)品(pin)質(zhi)低劣(lie)。而密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)有于(yu)歷史的(de)時(shi)間不(bu)(bu)是(shi)很(hen)長,在(zai)原始的(de)樹木越來越稀少(shao)(shao)(shao),所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)需要一(yi)(yi)種板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)來替代。所(suo)(suo)以(yi)(yi)就有密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)出(chu)來,但是(shi)由于(yu)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)生產過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中會使(shi)用大量(liang)(liang)的(de)膠水(shui),如果(guo)這些膠水(shui)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)不(bu)(bu)過(guo)(guo)關(guan),或者不(bu)(bu)穩定會造成(cheng)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)甲(jia)醛(quan)(quan)過(guo)(guo)高(gao),密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)主要檢測甲(jia)醛(quan)(quan)釋(shi)(shi)放量(liang)(liang)和結構強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)(du),密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)按(an)甲(jia)醛(quan)(quan)釋(shi)(shi)放量(liang)(liang)分(fen)E1級(ji)和E2級(ji),甲(jia)醛(quan)(quan)釋(shi)(shi)放量(liang)(liang)超過(guo)(guo)30mg/100g不(bu)(bu)合格(ge)。一(yi)(yi)般(ban)講,上規模的(de)生產廠(chang)家的(de)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)大部分(fen)都(dou)合格(ge)。市場上的(de)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)大部分(fen)是(shi)E2級(ji)的(de),E1級(ji)的(de)少(shao)(shao)(shao),從整體上來說,刨(bao)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)環(huan)保系(xi)數相對(dui)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)要高(gao)很(hen)多。而且(qie)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)多用于(yu)門(men)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)或者做造型,并(bing)不(bu)(bu)實用于(yu)做柜(ju)體。
7.握釘性
密度(du)板是由粉(fen)末(mo)狀組成的,遇水易膨(peng)脹。故不(bu)能做箱體,又因它的吃釘(ding)性比較(jiao)差,一(yi)(yi)般(ban)情況(kuang)下密度(du)板釘(ding)子打到(dao)面再拔出來,這樣反(fan)復(fu)不(bu)了(le)5次,就不(bu)可以用了(le)。但是刨花(hua)板是由木(mu)質木(mu)片,,經壓制成板,具有木(mu)材(cai)的特性,有一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的握釘(ding)力,一(yi)(yi)般(ban)情況(kuang)下可以反(fan)復(fu)10次左(zuo)右。
8.抗壓性
刨花板中(zhong)間層為木(mu)質長(chang)纖維,兩邊(bian)為組織細密的(de)木(mu)質纖維,經壓制成板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。分(fen)子結構緊(jin)密,抗彎強度(du)(du)高。我們做過同(tong)樣(yang)(yang)的(de)實(shi)驗選用一(yi)樣(yang)(yang)厚度(du)(du)和密度(du)(du)的(de)中(zhong)纖板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和顆粒(li)(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)同(tong)樣(yang)(yang)負重(zhong)50公斤(jin),在2個月后,中(zhong)纖板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)嚴重(zhong)變(bian)形(xing),而顆粒(li)(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)輕微(wei)變(bian)形(xing))。刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)由(you)(you)于(yu)硬度(du)(du)強、握釘能(neng)力強、橫向承(cheng)重(zhong)能(neng)力好,所以適合做柜(ju)體和層板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)連(lian)接,目(mu)前歐美所有的(de)櫥(chu)柜(ju)廠都使用刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),國內(nei)知名的(de)櫥(chu)柜(ju)也基本(ben)上都使用刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)做為柜(ju)體。而密度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)由(you)(you)于(yu)密度(du)(du)比(bi)較均勻,所以適合做門(men)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。有些品(pin)牌他們將柜(ju)體做成全是刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)或是密度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),這(zhe)是不科學的(de),時間長(chang)了就很容(rong)易變(bian)形(xing)。