裝修板材有哪些 各種板材優(you)缺點介紹
板(ban)(ban)材(cai)按材(cai)質分(fen)(fen)類可分(fen)(fen)為(wei)實木板(ban)(ban)、人(ren)造(zao)板(ban)(ban)兩大(da)類;按成型分(fen)(fen)類可分(fen)(fen)為(wei)實心板(ban)(ban)、夾板(ban)(ban)、纖維板(ban)(ban)、面板(ban)(ban)、防(fang)火板(ban)(ban)等等。具體(ti)的裝修(xiu)板(ban)(ban)材(cai)分(fen)(fen)類及特征(zheng)如下:
1、實木板板材
實木板板材
顧名思(si)義,實(shi)木(mu)板就是采用(yong)完(wan)整的(de)(de)木(mu)材(cai)制成的(de)(de)木(mu)板材(cai)。這些(xie)板材(cai)堅固耐用(yong)、紋路天然,是中優(you)中之選。但(dan)因(yin)為此板材(cai)造價高(gao),而且施工工藝要求高(gao),在中使用(yong)反(fan)而并未幾。實(shi)木(mu)板一般按照板材(cai)實(shi)質(zhi)名稱分(fen)類,沒有同一的(de)(de)尺度規格。目前除(chu)了地(di)板和門扇會(hui)使用(yong)實(shi)木(mu)板外,一般我們所使用(yong)的(de)(de)板材(cai)都是人工加(jia)工出來的(de)(de)人造板。
2、夾板板材
夾板板材
夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),也稱膠(jiao)合板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、行內俗(su)稱細芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。由(you)(you)三層(ceng)或多層(ceng)一(yi)毫米厚的(de)(de)單板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)或薄(bo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)膠(jiao)貼熱壓制而(er)成。是目前手工制作(zuo)家具最常用的(de)(de)材料。夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)一(yi)般(ban)分(fen)為3厘(li)(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、5厘(li)(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、9厘(li)(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、12厘(li)(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、15厘(li)(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和18厘(li)(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)六種規(gui)格。面板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),俗(su)稱飾面板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。是將(jiang)實木(mu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)精密刨切成厚度為0.2mm左右的(de)(de)菲(fei)薄(bo)單薄(bo)木(mu)皮,以(yi)夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)為基材,經由(you)(you)膠(jiao)粘工藝制做成的(de)(de)具有單面作(zuo)用的(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材。它是夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)存在的(de)(de)特殊方(fang)式,厚度為3厘(li)(li)。
3、細木工板板材
細木工板板材
細木工板,俗稱。是由(you)兩片單板中間(jian)粘壓拼接木板而成。的(de)價(jia)格比細芯板要便宜(yi),其豎向(xiang)(xiang)抗彎(wan)壓強度(du)差,但橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)抗彎(wan)壓強度(du)較高。
4、刨花板板材
刨花板板材
刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)板是用(yong)木材碎料為主要原料,再滲加(jia)膠(jiao)水(shui),添加(jia)劑經壓制而成的薄型板材。按壓制方法可分為擠壓刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)板、平壓刨(bao)(bao)花(hua)板二類。此類板材主要長處是價格極(ji)其(qi)便宜。其(qi)缺點也很顯(xian)著:強度極(ji)差(cha)。一般不(bu)相宜制作較大型或者有力學要求的家私(si)。
5、密度板板材
密度板板材
密(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban),也稱纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。是(shi)以木質纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)或(huo)其他植物(wu)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)為原(yuan)料,施加脲(niao)醛樹(shu)脂或(huo)其他合用的(de)(de)(de)膠(jiao)粘劑制(zhi)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)造板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材,按其密(mi)度的(de)(de)(de)不同,分為高密(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、中密(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、低密(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。密(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)因為質軟耐沖擊,也輕易再加工。在(zai)國外(wai),密(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)是(shi)制(zhi)作家私(si)的(de)(de)(de)一種良好材料,但因為國家關于高度板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)尺度比國際(ji)的(de)(de)(de)尺度低數(shu)倍,所以,密(mi)度板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)在(zai)我國的(de)(de)(de)使用質量還有待進(jin)步。
6、防火板板材
高壓防火板板材
防(fang)火(huo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)是采用硅質(zhi)材料(liao)或鈣(gai)質(zhi)材料(liao)為主要(yao)原料(liao),與(yu)一定比(bi)例的(de)(de)(de)纖維(wei)材料(liao)、輕質(zhi)骨料(liao)、黏合劑和化學(xue)添(tian)加(jia)劑混合,經蒸壓(ya)技術(shu)制(zhi)成的(de)(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)材。是目前越(yue)(yue)來越(yue)(yue)多使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)一種新型材料(liao),其使(shi)用不僅(jin)(jin)僅(jin)(jin)是由(you)于防(fang)火(huo)的(de)(de)(de)因素。防(fang)火(huo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)對(dui)于粘(zhan)貼膠水的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求比(bi)較(jiao)(jiao)高,質(zhi)量(liang)較(jiao)(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)火(huo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)價格比(bi)面板(ban)(ban)(ban)也要(yao)貴。防(fang)火(huo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)厚(hou)度一般為0.8mm、1mm和1.2mm。
7、三聚氰胺板材
三聚氰胺板板材
三聚(ju)(ju)氰(qing)胺板(ban)(ban),全(quan)稱(cheng)是(shi)三聚(ju)(ju)氰(qing)胺浸(jin)漬膠膜紙飾面(mian)人造(zao)板(ban)(ban),是(shi)一(yi)種墻面(mian)材料。其(qi)制造(zao)過程是(shi)將(jiang)帶(dai)有不(bu)同顏(yan)色(se)或紋理的(de)紙放入三聚(ju)(ju)氰(qing)胺樹脂膠粘(zhan)劑中浸(jin)泡,然后干燥到一(yi)定固(gu)化程度(du),將(jiang)其(qi)鋪裝在(zai)刨花板(ban)(ban)、中密度(du)纖維(wei)板(ban)(ban)或硬(ying)質(zhi)纖維(wei)板(ban)(ban)表面(mian),經(jing)熱壓而成的(de)板(ban)(ban)。
8、亞力克板材
亞力克板材
亞(ya)力克板材是(shi)一種經過特殊加(jia)工的有(you)機玻璃(li),它(ta)有(you)著“塑(su)料皇后”之(zhi)美(mei)譽(yu)。它(ta)有(you)著良(liang)(liang)好(hao)的色澤,透明度(du)高。其優點(dian)是(shi)出(chu)色的耐(nai)候(hou)性(xing)(xing)、良(liang)(liang)好(hao)的透明性(xing)(xing)能、可塑(su)性(xing)(xing)良(liang)(liang)好(hao)。缺點(dian)是(shi)硬度(du)低(di)、耐(nai)熱性(xing)(xing)差、延伸性(xing)(xing)較(jiao)低(di),因此易(yi)(yi)裂、易(yi)(yi)碎、易(yi)(yi)變(bian)形,且顏(yan)色不穩定(ding),在使用過程中容易(yi)(yi)發生起毛現象。另(ling)外,還含有(you)對人體有(you)害的物質。