裝(zhuang)修板材有哪些 各種板材優(you)缺點介紹

板(ban)(ban)(ban)材按(an)材質分(fen)類(lei)可分(fen)為(wei)實木板(ban)(ban)(ban)、人造板(ban)(ban)(ban)兩大類(lei)；按(an)成型(xing)分(fen)類(lei)可分(fen)為(wei)實心板(ban)(ban)(ban)、夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)、纖維板(ban)(ban)(ban)、面板(ban)(ban)(ban)、防火板(ban)(ban)(ban)等(deng)等(deng)。具(ju)體的裝修板(ban)(ban)(ban)材分(fen)類(lei)及特征如下：

1、實木板板材

實木板板材

顧名思義，實木(mu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)就是采用(yong)完整的(de)(de)木(mu)材(cai)(cai)制成的(de)(de)木(mu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)。這(zhe)些板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)堅(jian)固耐用(yong)、紋路天(tian)然，是中優中之選。但因為此板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)造(zao)價高，而且施工工藝要求高，在(zai)中使(shi)用(yong)反而并未幾。實木(mu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)一般(ban)(ban)按照板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)實質名稱分類，沒有同一的(de)(de)尺(chi)度(du)規格。目前除了地板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)門扇會使(shi)用(yong)實木(mu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)外(wai)，一般(ban)(ban)我們(men)所使(shi)用(yong)的(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)都是人工加工出來(lai)的(de)(de)人造(zao)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。

2、夾板板材

夾板板材

夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，也稱(cheng)膠(jiao)合板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、行(xing)內俗稱(cheng)細芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。由三層(ceng)或(huo)多層(ceng)一毫米厚的(de)單板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)或(huo)薄板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)膠(jiao)貼熱(re)壓(ya)制而成(cheng)。是(shi)目前(qian)手工(gong)制作家具最常用(yong)的(de)材(cai)料。夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)一般(ban)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)3厘板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、5厘板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、9厘板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、12厘板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、15厘板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和(he)18厘板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)六種規格。面(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，俗稱(cheng)飾面(mian)(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。是(shi)將實(shi)木(mu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)精密刨切成(cheng)厚度為(wei)(wei)0.2mm左右(you)的(de)菲薄單薄木(mu)皮，以(yi)夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)為(wei)(wei)基(ji)材(cai)，經由膠(jiao)粘工(gong)藝(yi)制做(zuo)成(cheng)的(de)具有單面(mian)(mian)作用(yong)的(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)。它是(shi)夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)存(cun)在的(de)特殊(shu)方式，厚度為(wei)(wei)3厘。

3、細木工板板材

細木工板板材

細木工板，俗稱。是由(you)兩片(pian)單(dan)板中間粘壓拼(pin)接木板而成。的價格比細芯(xin)板要便宜(yi)，其豎向抗(kang)彎壓強(qiang)度差，但橫向抗(kang)彎壓強(qiang)度較高。

4、刨花板板材

刨花板板材

刨(bao)花(hua)(hua)板(ban)(ban)是用木(mu)材碎料為主(zhu)要原料，再滲加膠水(shui)，添加劑經(jing)壓(ya)(ya)制(zhi)而成的薄型板(ban)(ban)材。按壓(ya)(ya)制(zhi)方法可(ke)分(fen)為擠壓(ya)(ya)刨(bao)花(hua)(hua)板(ban)(ban)、平壓(ya)(ya)刨(bao)花(hua)(hua)板(ban)(ban)二類。此(ci)類板(ban)(ban)材主(zhu)要長處是價(jia)格極其便宜。其缺點也很顯著：強度極差。一般(ban)不相宜制(zhi)作(zuo)較大型或者(zhe)有力學要求的家私。

5、密度板板材

密度板板材

密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)，也(ye)稱纖(xian)維(wei)板(ban)(ban)。是以(yi)木(mu)質(zhi)纖(xian)維(wei)或其(qi)他植物纖(xian)維(wei)為原料，施加(jia)脲(niao)醛樹脂(zhi)或其(qi)他合用(yong)的(de)(de)膠粘劑制成的(de)(de)人造板(ban)(ban)材，按其(qi)密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)不(bu)同(tong)，分為高密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)、中密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)、低密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)。密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)因為質(zhi)軟(ruan)耐沖擊，也(ye)輕(qing)易再加(jia)工。在國(guo)外，密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)是制作家私的(de)(de)一種良(liang)好材料，但因為國(guo)家關于高度(du)(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)尺(chi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)比(bi)國(guo)際的(de)(de)尺(chi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)低數(shu)倍(bei)，所以(yi)，密(mi)(mi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)在我(wo)國(guo)的(de)(de)使用(yong)質(zhi)量還有待進步(bu)。

6、防火板板材

高壓防火板板材

防(fang)火(huo)板(ban)是(shi)(shi)采用硅質(zhi)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)或鈣質(zhi)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)為主(zhu)要原(yuan)料(liao)(liao)(liao)，與一(yi)定(ding)比(bi)例的(de)(de)纖維材料(liao)(liao)(liao)、輕(qing)質(zhi)骨料(liao)(liao)(liao)、黏合劑(ji)和化學添加劑(ji)混合，經蒸(zheng)壓技術(shu)制成的(de)(de)板(ban)材。是(shi)(shi)目前(qian)越來越多使用的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)新型材料(liao)(liao)(liao)，其使用不(bu)僅(jin)僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)由(you)于防(fang)火(huo)的(de)(de)因(yin)素(su)。防(fang)火(huo)板(ban)的(de)(de)施工對于粘貼膠水(shui)的(de)(de)要求(qiu)比(bi)較(jiao)高，質(zhi)量較(jiao)好的(de)(de)防(fang)火(huo)板(ban)價格(ge)比(bi)面板(ban)也要貴。防(fang)火(huo)板(ban)的(de)(de)厚度一(yi)般為0.8mm、1mm和1.2mm。

7、三聚氰胺板材

三聚氰胺板板材

三(san)(san)聚氰(qing)胺板(ban)，全(quan)稱是(shi)三(san)(san)聚氰(qing)胺浸漬膠膜紙飾面(mian)人造板(ban)，是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)墻(qiang)面(mian)材料。其制造過程是(shi)將帶有不(bu)同顏色或(huo)紋理的紙放入三(san)(san)聚氰(qing)胺樹脂(zhi)膠粘劑(ji)中浸泡，然(ran)后干燥到(dao)一(yi)定固化程度，將其鋪裝在刨花板(ban)、中密(mi)度纖維(wei)板(ban)或(huo)硬質纖維(wei)板(ban)表(biao)面(mian)，經(jing)熱壓而成的板(ban)。

8、亞力克板材

亞力克板材

亞力克板材是(shi)一種(zhong)經過特殊加(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)機玻璃，它有(you)(you)著“塑(su)料皇后”之美譽(yu)。它有(you)(you)著良(liang)好的(de)(de)色澤，透明(ming)度(du)高。其優點是(shi)出(chu)色的(de)(de)耐(nai)候性(xing)(xing)、良(liang)好的(de)(de)透明(ming)性(xing)(xing)能、可塑(su)性(xing)(xing)良(liang)好。缺點是(shi)硬度(du)低、耐(nai)熱性(xing)(xing)差、延伸(shen)性(xing)(xing)較低，因(yin)此易裂、易碎、易變形，且顏色不穩定(ding)，在使用過程中容易發(fa)生(sheng)起毛現象。另外(wai)，還含有(you)(you)對人體有(you)(you)害(hai)的(de)(de)物(wu)質。