裝(zhuang)修板材有哪(na)些 各(ge)種板材優缺點介紹

板(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)按材(cai)質分類(lei)可分為(wei)實(shi)木板(ban)(ban)(ban)、人造板(ban)(ban)(ban)兩(liang)大類(lei)；按成型分類(lei)可分為(wei)實(shi)心板(ban)(ban)(ban)、夾(jia)板(ban)(ban)(ban)、纖維板(ban)(ban)(ban)、面板(ban)(ban)(ban)、防(fang)火(huo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。具體的裝修板(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)分類(lei)及特征如下：

1、實木板板材

實木板板材

顧名思(si)義，實木(mu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)就是(shi)采(cai)用(yong)完整的木(mu)材(cai)(cai)制成的木(mu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)。這(zhe)些板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)堅固(gu)耐用(yong)、紋(wen)路(lu)天然，是(shi)中優中之選。但(dan)因為此板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)造價高，而且施(shi)工(gong)工(gong)藝(yi)要求高，在(zai)中使(shi)(shi)用(yong)反而并(bing)未幾。實木(mu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)一(yi)般(ban)按照板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)實質名稱(cheng)分(fen)類，沒有同(tong)一(yi)的尺度(du)規格。目前除了地板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和門扇會使(shi)(shi)用(yong)實木(mu)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)外(wai)，一(yi)般(ban)我們所(suo)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)的板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)(cai)都是(shi)人(ren)工(gong)加工(gong)出來的人(ren)造板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。

2、夾板板材

夾板板材

夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，也(ye)稱(cheng)膠(jiao)(jiao)合板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、行內俗(su)稱(cheng)細芯板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。由三層或多層一毫米厚的(de)(de)單(dan)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)或薄(bo)(bo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)膠(jiao)(jiao)貼熱壓制(zhi)而成(cheng)。是(shi)目前手工(gong)制(zhi)作家具最常(chang)用的(de)(de)材料(liao)。夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)一般分為(wei)3厘(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、5厘(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、9厘(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、12厘(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、15厘(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和18厘(li)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)六種規格。面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)，俗(su)稱(cheng)飾面(mian)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)。是(shi)將實(shi)木板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)精密刨切成(cheng)厚度為(wei)0.2mm左右的(de)(de)菲薄(bo)(bo)單(dan)薄(bo)(bo)木皮，以(yi)夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)為(wei)基材，經由膠(jiao)(jiao)粘工(gong)藝制(zhi)做成(cheng)的(de)(de)具有單(dan)面(mian)作用的(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)材。它是(shi)夾板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)存在的(de)(de)特殊(shu)方式，厚度為(wei)3厘(li)。

3、細木工板板材

細木工板板材

細木工(gong)板(ban)，俗(su)稱。是由兩片單板(ban)中間粘壓拼接木板(ban)而成。的價(jia)格比細芯板(ban)要便宜，其豎向抗彎壓強度差，但橫向抗彎壓強度較(jiao)高。

4、刨花板板材

刨花板板材

刨(bao)(bao)花板(ban)是(shi)(shi)用(yong)木(mu)材(cai)碎(sui)料(liao)為主要(yao)原料(liao)，再滲加(jia)膠水，添加(jia)劑經壓(ya)制(zhi)而成的薄(bo)型板(ban)材(cai)。按(an)壓(ya)制(zhi)方(fang)法(fa)可分為擠壓(ya)刨(bao)(bao)花板(ban)、平(ping)壓(ya)刨(bao)(bao)花板(ban)二類。此類板(ban)材(cai)主要(yao)長處是(shi)(shi)價格(ge)極其(qi)便(bian)宜。其(qi)缺點也很顯著：強度(du)極差(cha)。一般不相宜制(zhi)作較(jiao)大型或(huo)者有力學(xue)要(yao)求的家(jia)私。

5、密度板板材

密度板板材

密(mi)度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)，也稱纖維板(ban)(ban)(ban)。是以木質纖維或(huo)其他植物(wu)纖維為原料，施加脲醛樹脂或(huo)其他合用的膠粘劑制成的人造板(ban)(ban)(ban)材，按其密(mi)度(du)(du)的不(bu)同，分為高密(mi)度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)、中密(mi)度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)、低密(mi)度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)。密(mi)度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)因為質軟耐沖(chong)擊，也輕易再加工。在(zai)國(guo)外，密(mi)度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)是制作(zuo)家私的一種(zhong)良好材料，但因為國(guo)家關于高度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的尺度(du)(du)比國(guo)際的尺度(du)(du)低數倍，所以，密(mi)度(du)(du)板(ban)(ban)(ban)在(zai)我國(guo)的使用質量(liang)還有待進步。

6、防火板板材

高壓防火板板材

防火(huo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)是(shi)采用(yong)硅(gui)質(zhi)(zhi)材(cai)料或鈣質(zhi)(zhi)材(cai)料為(wei)主要(yao)原料，與一定(ding)比例的(de)(de)纖維材(cai)料、輕質(zhi)(zhi)骨料、黏合劑和(he)化學添加劑混(hun)合，經蒸壓技(ji)術制成的(de)(de)板(ban)(ban)(ban)材(cai)。是(shi)目前越來越多使用(yong)的(de)(de)一種新型材(cai)料，其(qi)使用(yong)不僅(jin)僅(jin)是(shi)由(you)于(yu)防火(huo)的(de)(de)因素。防火(huo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)施工(gong)對于(yu)粘貼膠(jiao)水的(de)(de)要(yao)求比較(jiao)高，質(zhi)(zhi)量較(jiao)好的(de)(de)防火(huo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)價格比面板(ban)(ban)(ban)也要(yao)貴。防火(huo)板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)厚度一般為(wei)0.8mm、1mm和(he)1.2mm。

7、三聚氰胺板材

三聚氰胺板板材

三聚氰(qing)胺板(ban)(ban)，全稱是三聚氰(qing)胺浸漬膠膜(mo)紙(zhi)飾(shi)面(mian)人(ren)造板(ban)(ban)，是一(yi)種墻(qiang)面(mian)材料(liao)。其制造過程(cheng)是將(jiang)帶(dai)有不同顏(yan)色或(huo)紋理的紙(zhi)放(fang)入三聚氰(qing)胺樹脂膠粘(zhan)劑中浸泡(pao)，然后干燥(zao)到一(yi)定固化程(cheng)度，將(jiang)其鋪(pu)裝在刨花板(ban)(ban)、中密度纖(xian)維(wei)板(ban)(ban)或(huo)硬質纖(xian)維(wei)板(ban)(ban)表面(mian)，經熱壓而成的板(ban)(ban)。

8、亞力克板材

亞力克板材

亞力(li)克板材是一種經過特(te)殊(shu)加工(gong)的(de)有機玻璃，它有著“塑(su)料皇后”之美譽。它有著良好的(de)色(se)(se)澤，透明度高(gao)。其優點是出(chu)色(se)(se)的(de)耐候性(xing)、良好的(de)透明性(xing)能(neng)、可塑(su)性(xing)良好。缺點是硬度低、耐熱性(xing)差、延伸性(xing)較低，因此易裂、易碎、易變形，且顏色(se)(se)不穩定，在(zai)使用過程(cheng)中(zhong)容易發生起(qi)毛現象。另外，還(huan)含有對人體有害的(de)物質。