離(li)(li)心(xin)機(ji)是(shi)利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)離(li)(li)心(xin)力(li),分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)液(ye)體與固(gu)(gu)體顆粒或液(ye)體與液(ye)體的混合(he)物中(zhong)(zhong)各組(zu)分(fen)(fen)的機(ji)械。離(li)(li)心(xin)機(ji)主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)于(yu)將懸浮(fu)液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)的固(gu)(gu)體顆粒與液(ye)體分(fen)(fen)開,或將乳濁液(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)兩(liang)種密(mi)(mi)度(du)不(bu)(bu)同(tong),又互(hu)不(bu)(bu)相溶的液(ye)體分(fen)(fen)開(例如(ru)從牛奶中(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)出奶油);它也可用(yong)(yong)于(yu)排除濕固(gu)(gu)體中(zhong)(zhong)的液(ye)體,例如(ru)用(yong)(yong)洗(xi)衣機(ji)甩干濕衣服;特殊(shu)的超速管式(shi)分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)機(ji)還可分(fen)(fen)離(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)密(mi)(mi)度(du)的氣體混合(he)物;利(li)(li)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)密(mi)(mi)度(du)或粒度(du)的固(gu)(gu)體顆粒在液(ye)體中(zhong)(zhong)沉(chen)降速度(du)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的特點,有(you)的沉(chen)降離(li)(li)心(xin)機(ji)還可對固(gu)(gu)體顆粒按密(mi)(mi)度(du)或粒度(du)進(jin)行(xing)分(fen)(fen)級。