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大狐姓(xing)(xing)氏作為中(zhong)國為數不多的稀有姓(xing)(xing)氏之(zhi)一，它的淵(yuan)源、遷徙、分布都是有史可(ke)(ke)循，有據可(ke)(ke)查的！

姓氏淵源

單(dan)一淵(yuan)源：源于姬姓(xing)(xing)，出(chu)自春秋(qiu)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)國大(da)(da)夫(fu)狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)突，屬(shu)于以先(xian)祖名(ming)字為(wei)氏(shi)(shi)。大(da)(da)狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氏(shi)(shi)，為(wei)春秋(qiu)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)國很早即(ji)出(chu)現的(de)姓(xing)(xing)氏(shi)(shi)。宋(song)朝時(shi)期(qi)(qi)著(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)學者鄧名(ming)世在《古今姓(xing)(xing)氏(shi)(shi)書辯證(zheng)·去·十四(si)泰》中記載(zai)：“大(da)(da)狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，出(chu)自姬姓(xing)(xing)。晉(jin)(jin)(jin)大(da)(da)夫(fu)狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)突，字伯行，文公(gong)重耳(er)外祖父也(ye)，生毛(mao)及偃，毛(mao)生溱，皆為(wei)晉(jin)(jin)(jin)卿，別為(wei)大(da)(da)狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氏(shi)(shi)。”姓(xing)(xing)氏(shi)(shi)學界一般(ban)認為(wei)，大(da)(da)狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氏(shi)(shi)本姓(xing)(xing)姬，因(yin)其(qi)先(xian)祖被(bei)分(fen)封(feng)在狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氏(shi)(shi)大(da)(da)戎(今山(shan)西交(jiao)城一帶)，故(gu)改姬姓(xing)(xing)為(wei)大(da)(da)狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氏(shi)(shi)。在史籍《左傳》中記載(zai)，后來晉(jin)(jin)(jin)獻公(gong)姬佹諸(公(gong)元前676～前651年在位)“又(you)娶二女(nv)于戎，大(da)(da)戎狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)姬生重耳(er)，小戎子(zi)生夷吾”。漢朝著(zhu)(zhu)名(ming)的(de)史學家司馬遷也(ye)認為(wei)，“重耳(er)母，翟(zhai)之(zhi)狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)氏(shi)(shi)女(nv)也(ye)”。不過，當(dang)時(shi)也(ye)有其(qi)他(ta)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)姬姓(xing)(xing)的(de)，那么(me)狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)突的(de)祖上是(shi)(shi)(shi)姓(xing)(xing)姬還是(shi)(shi)(shi)姓(xing)(xing)狐(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)土著(zhu)(zhu)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)還是(shi)(shi)(shi)宗周后裔？如果是(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)自土著(zhu)(zhu)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)，那么(me)到(dao)底是(shi)(shi)(shi)戎還是(shi)(shi)(shi)翟(zhai)？均已渺茫難考了。山(shan)西，為(wei)上古唐“帝堯(yao)初(chu)都”之(zhi)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，又(you)是(shi)(shi)(shi)夏王(wang)朝統治時(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)根據(ju)地(di)(di)(di)(di)，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)到(dao)了商末(mo)西周初(chu)，該地(di)(di)(di)(di)區已經基本上是(shi)(shi)(shi)戎、翟(zhai)(狄)、氐、羌(qiang)諸民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)出(chu)沒游牧的(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)方了。

據史籍《左傳·定公四年》中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記載，周(zhou)成(cheng)王姬(ji)誦(song)“分(fen)唐(tang)叔(叔虞)以(yi)(yi)大路，密須之鼓，闕鞏(gong)，沽洗，懷姓九(jiu)(jiu)宗(zong)，職(zhi)官(guan)五正。命以(yi)(yi)《唐(tang)誥(gao)》，而(er)封于夏(xia)虛，啟以(yi)(yi)夏(xia)政(zheng)，疆以(yi)(yi)戎索。”這里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“啟以(yi)(yi)夏(xia)政(zheng)，疆以(yi)(yi)戎索”，實際上(shang)是(shi)就(jiu)晉(jin)(jin)國在(zai)(zai)建(jian)(jian)國初期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)根本治(zhi)國方略，就(jiu)是(shi)在(zai)(zai)中央(yang)政(zheng)權的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設上(shang)，堅持(chi)周(zhou)王朝比較先進(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)治(zhi)制度，但是(shi)在(zai)(zai)地域管理(li)方面又(you)遵(zun)循(xun)和順應當(dang)地各(ge)(ge)個游牧民族的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)俗。在(zai)(zai)晉(jin)(jin)國建(jian)(jian)立(li)初期，真(zhen)正的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宗(zong)周(zhou)貴族是(shi)不(bu)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，姬(ji)叔虞當(dang)時只(zhi)帶去了“懷姓九(jiu)(jiu)宗(zong)，職(zhi)官(guan)五正”等少(shao)量姬(ji)姓族人(ren)以(yi)(yi)及一軍(jun)之卒(凡制軍(jun)，萬有二千五百人(ren)為一軍(jun))，晉(jin)(jin)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大部分(fen)國人(ren)還(huan)是(shi)當(dang)地土著居(ju)民。事實上(shang)，在(zai)(zai)整個春秋(qiu)時期，各(ge)(ge)諸侯國中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)晉(jin)(jin)國“胡(hu)”風(feng)一直(zhi)是(shi)很濃(nong)厚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，從(cong)西周(zhou)初期受封于唐(tang)邑，后改(gai)唐(tang)為晉(jin)(jin)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)晉(jin)(jin)國，晉(jin)(jin)國人(ren)與周(zhou)邊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)(ge)個民族通商、通婚的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)一直(zhi)就(jiu)十分(fen)普遍，就(jiu)連(lian)國君(jun)也不(bu)例外，這與燕(yan)國、秦(qin)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況大體相同。

大(da)(da)狐(hu)氏(shi)，歷代皆為(wei)晉(jin)國重臣(chen)，傳到(dao)歷晉(jin)文(wen)公(gong)(gong)(gong)姬重耳(er)(公(gong)(gong)(gong)元前(qian)(qian)636～前(qian)(qian)628年在(zai)(zai)(zai)位)、晉(jin)襄公(gong)(gong)(gong)姬歡(姬環，公(gong)(gong)(gong)元前(qian)(qian)627～前(qian)(qian)621年在(zai)(zai)(zai)位)、晉(jin)靈公(gong)(gong)(gong)姬夷(yi)皋(gao)(公(gong)(gong)(gong)元前(qian)(qian)620～前(qian)(qian)607年在(zai)(zai)(zai)位)三朝、史稱(cheng)晉(jin)國“股肱”的大(da)(da)狐(hu)射姑以(yi)后，因其(qi)封(feng)地在(zai)(zai)(zai)賈(今山西臨(lin)(lin)汾)，其(qi)后裔子孫大(da)(da)多省文(wen)簡改為(wei)單姓狐(hu)氏(shi)、賈氏(shi)，大(da)(da)狐(hu)氏(shi)復姓就此在(zai)(zai)(zai)歷史上基本消失了。如今，僅在(zai)(zai)(zai)浙江省西南部(bu)麗水地區還有極其(qi)稀少的復姓大(da)(da)狐(hu)氏(shi)族人，仍以(yi)平陽(今山西臨(lin)(lin)汾)為(wei)郡望。

得姓始祖

大狐突(姬狐突)。

郡望堂號

郡望

平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun)：亦(yi)稱臨汾郡(jun)(jun)。歷史上的平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun)有(you)二(er)：①即(ji)(ji)今(jin)(jin)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)省臨汾市。西(xi)漢(han)初年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(己亥(hai)，公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)前202年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))置平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，治(zhi)所(suo)在平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(今(jin)(jin)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)臨汾)。三國(guo)時期曹(cao)魏(wei)(wei)國(guo)正始(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(丁卯，公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)247年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))，將河(he)東(dong)(dong)郡(jun)(jun)分(fen)出一部分(fen)與(yu)(yu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)合并(bing)，設(she)置為(wei)(wei)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun)，治(zhi)所(suo)亦(yi)在平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(今(jin)(jin)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)臨汾)，其時轄(xia)(xia)(xia)地在今(jin)(jin)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)藿縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)以南(nan)(nan)的汾河(he)流域及其以西(xi)地區，境(jing)內為(wei)(wei)司州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun)，轄(xia)(xia)(xia)十(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。西(xi)晉(jin)時期仍為(wei)(wei)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun)，轄(xia)(xia)(xia)十(shi)二(er)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。西(xi)晉(jin)永嘉三年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(己巳(si)，公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)309年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))初，匈奴人劉淵自(zi)蒲子城(cheng)(隰縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian))遷都(dou)平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)，稱帝建(jian)漢(han)，境(jing)內屬(shu)之。東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)時先后屬(shu)并(bing)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、雍(yong)(yong)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)和冀(ji)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)；北魏(wei)(wei)時境(jing)內為(wei)(wei)東(dong)(dong)雍(yong)(yong)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，轄(xia)(xia)(xia)七郡(jun)(jun)二(er)十(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)；北魏(wei)(wei)神鹿(lu)元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(戊(wu)辰，公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)428年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))始(shi)筑白(bai)馬城(cheng)(今(jin)(jin)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)臨汾)，因魏(wei)(wei)刑白(bai)馬祭祀天地神靈筑城(cheng)而名。孝昌(chang)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)改(gai)置唐(tang)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，治(zhi)所(suo)在平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)故城(cheng)(劉村)；北魏(wei)(wei)建(jian)義元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(戊(wu)申，公(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)528年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian))改(gai)稱晉(jin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，移(yi)治(zhi)自(zi)馬城(cheng)，與(yu)(yu)郡(jun)(jun)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)同治(zhi)，沿用至(zhi)今(jin)(jin)。②即(ji)(ji)今(jin)(jin)山(shan)(shan)東(dong)(dong)省鄒(zou)城(cheng)市。鄒(zou)城(cheng)在春秋戰國(guo)時期古(gu)稱平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)，是“鄒(zou)魯圣地”，為(wei)(wei)中國(guo)儒學發源地。夏王(wang)朝(chao)時期屬(shu)九州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)徐州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之域，秦(qin)朝(chao)時期開始(shi)設(she)置“騶縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”，歷漢(han)、晉(jin)、南(nan)(nan)北朝(chao)，及唐(tang)朝(chao)初期改(gai)“騶”為(wei)(wei)“鄒(zou)”，稱“鄒(zou)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)”，沿襲(xi)至(zhi)1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)10月，撤縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)設(she)市，稱鄒(zou)城(cheng)市。大狐氏的郡(jun)(jun)望為(wei)(wei)①即(ji)(ji)今(jin)(jin)山(shan)(shan)西(xi)臨汾。

堂號

平陽堂：以望立堂。

遷徙分布

大狐氏(shi)復(fu)姓(xing)是一個(ge)非常古老的姓(xing)氏(shi)，但在(zai)今中國大陸的姓(xing)氏(shi)排行榜(bang)上未(wei)列入百(bai)家姓(xing)前一千位，在(zai)臺灣省則(ze)沒有。今浙江(jiang)省西南部的麗水地區，有零星大狐氏(shi)族(zu)人(ren)(ren)分布，以(yi)平陽為郡望。人(ren)(ren)口總數不及一百(bai)，大概屬于人(ren)(ren)口最稀(xi)少的姓(xing)氏(shi)群體之一了。