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大狐姓氏作為(wei)中國為(wei)數不(bu)多的稀有姓氏之一，它(ta)的淵源、遷徙、分布都是有史可(ke)循，有據可(ke)查的！

姓氏淵源

單一(yi)(yi)淵源：源于姬(ji)姓(xing)(xing)，出(chu)(chu)自(zi)(zi)春(chun)秋時(shi)期(qi)晉國大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)狐(hu)(hu)突，屬于以先祖(zu)(zu)名字為(wei)(wei)氏。大(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)(hu)氏，為(wei)(wei)春(chun)秋時(shi)期(qi)晉國很(hen)早即(ji)出(chu)(chu)現的(de)(de)姓(xing)(xing)氏。宋朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)著名學者鄧名世在(zai)《古今姓(xing)(xing)氏書辯證(zheng)·去(qu)·十四泰》中記載(zai)：“大(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)(hu)，出(chu)(chu)自(zi)(zi)姬(ji)姓(xing)(xing)。晉大(da)(da)(da)夫(fu)狐(hu)(hu)突，字伯行，文公重耳外祖(zu)(zu)父也(ye)(ye)，生(sheng)(sheng)毛及偃，毛生(sheng)(sheng)溱，皆為(wei)(wei)晉卿(qing)，別(bie)為(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)(hu)氏。”姓(xing)(xing)氏學界一(yi)(yi)般認為(wei)(wei)，大(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)(hu)氏本姓(xing)(xing)姬(ji)，因其先祖(zu)(zu)被分封在(zai)狐(hu)(hu)氏大(da)(da)(da)戎(rong)(今山西(xi)交城一(yi)(yi)帶(dai))，故(gu)改(gai)姬(ji)姓(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)(da)狐(hu)(hu)氏。在(zai)史(shi)籍《左傳(chuan)》中記載(zai)，后來晉獻公姬(ji)佹諸(zhu)(公元前(qian)676～前(qian)651年在(zai)位(wei))“又娶二女(nv)于戎(rong)，大(da)(da)(da)戎(rong)狐(hu)(hu)姬(ji)生(sheng)(sheng)重耳，小戎(rong)子(zi)生(sheng)(sheng)夷吾”。漢朝(chao)著名的(de)(de)史(shi)學家司馬遷也(ye)(ye)認為(wei)(wei)，“重耳母，翟之狐(hu)(hu)氏女(nv)也(ye)(ye)”。不過，當時(shi)也(ye)(ye)有其他民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)姬(ji)姓(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)，那么(me)狐(hu)(hu)突的(de)(de)祖(zu)(zu)上是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)姓(xing)(xing)姬(ji)還(huan)(huan)(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)姓(xing)(xing)狐(hu)(hu)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)土著民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)還(huan)(huan)(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)宗周后裔？如果是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)出(chu)(chu)自(zi)(zi)土著民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)，那么(me)到(dao)底是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)戎(rong)還(huan)(huan)(huan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)翟？均(jun)已渺(miao)茫難考了(le)。山西(xi)，為(wei)(wei)上古唐“帝堯初都”之地(di)(di)，又是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)夏王朝(chao)統治時(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)根據地(di)(di)，但(dan)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)到(dao)了(le)商末西(xi)周初，該地(di)(di)區已經基本上是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)戎(rong)、翟(狄)、氐、羌諸(zhu)民(min)(min)族(zu)(zu)(zu)出(chu)(chu)沒游(you)牧的(de)(de)地(di)(di)方了(le)。

據史籍《左(zuo)傳·定公四年》中的記載，周成王(wang)姬誦“分(fen)唐叔(叔虞(yu))以(yi)大(da)路(lu)，密須(xu)之(zhi)鼓(gu)，闕鞏(gong)，沽洗，懷(huai)姓九宗，職(zhi)(zhi)官五正(zheng)。命以(yi)《唐誥》，而封(feng)于夏(xia)虛，啟以(yi)夏(xia)政，疆以(yi)戎索。”這里的“啟以(yi)夏(xia)政，疆以(yi)戎索”，實際上是就(jiu)晉國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)在(zai)(zai)建(jian)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)初(chu)(chu)期的根本治國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)方略，就(jiu)是在(zai)(zai)中央政權的建(jian)設上，堅持(chi)周王(wang)朝比較先進(jin)的政治制(zhi)度，但是在(zai)(zai)地域管理方面又遵循和順(shun)應當地各(ge)(ge)(ge)個(ge)游(you)牧民(min)族(zu)(zu)的風俗。在(zai)(zai)晉國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)立初(chu)(chu)期，真(zhen)正(zheng)的宗周貴族(zu)(zu)是不多的，姬叔虞(yu)當時只(zhi)帶去了“懷(huai)姓九宗，職(zhi)(zhi)官五正(zheng)”等少量姬姓族(zu)(zu)人以(yi)及一軍之(zhi)卒(凡(fan)制(zhi)軍，萬(wan)有(you)二千五百人為一軍)，晉國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的大(da)部分(fen)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人還是當地土著居民(min)。事實上，在(zai)(zai)整個(ge)春(chun)秋(qiu)時期，各(ge)(ge)(ge)諸侯(hou)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)中的晉國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)“胡”風一直是很濃厚的，從西(xi)周初(chu)(chu)期受(shou)封(feng)于唐邑，后改唐為晉，建(jian)立晉國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，晉國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)人與周邊的各(ge)(ge)(ge)個(ge)民(min)族(zu)(zu)通商、通婚的現象一直就(jiu)十分(fen)普遍，就(jiu)連國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)君也不例外，這與燕國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、秦國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的情況大(da)體相(xiang)同。

大(da)狐氏(shi)，歷代皆為晉國重(zhong)臣(chen)，傳到(dao)歷晉文公姬重(zhong)耳(公元(yuan)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)636～前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)628年(nian)在位(wei))、晉襄公姬歡(姬環，公元(yuan)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)627～前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)621年(nian)在位(wei))、晉靈公姬夷皋(公元(yuan)前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)620～前(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)(qian)607年(nian)在位(wei))三(san)朝、史稱晉國“股肱”的大(da)狐射姑(gu)以后(hou)，因(yin)其(qi)封地在賈(jia)(今山西(xi)臨汾(fen))，其(qi)后(hou)裔子孫大(da)多省(sheng)文簡改(gai)為單姓狐氏(shi)、賈(jia)氏(shi)，大(da)狐氏(shi)復姓就(jiu)此在歷史上基本(ben)消(xiao)失了。如今，僅在浙江(jiang)省(sheng)西(xi)南部麗水地區還有極其(qi)稀少的復姓大(da)狐氏(shi)族人，仍以平陽(yang)(今山西(xi)臨汾(fen))為郡(jun)望。

得姓始祖

大狐突(姬狐突)。

郡望堂號

郡望

平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun)：亦(yi)(yi)稱(cheng)(cheng)臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen)郡(jun)(jun)。歷(li)史上的平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun)有二：①即(ji)(ji)今(jin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)省臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen)市。西(xi)(xi)漢初(chu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(己亥(hai)，公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)前202年(nian)(nian)(nian))置平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)，治(zhi)所(suo)在平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(今(jin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen))。三(san)國時(shi)(shi)期曹(cao)魏國正始(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(丁卯(mao)，公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)247年(nian)(nian)(nian))，將河東(dong)郡(jun)(jun)分(fen)出一部分(fen)與平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)合并，設置為平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun)，治(zhi)所(suo)亦(yi)(yi)在平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(今(jin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen))，其時(shi)(shi)轄(xia)地(di)在今(jin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)藿縣(xian)(xian)(xian)以(yi)南(nan)的汾(fen)河流域及其以(yi)西(xi)(xi)地(di)區，境內(nei)(nei)為司州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun)，轄(xia)十縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。西(xi)(xi)晉時(shi)(shi)期仍為平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)郡(jun)(jun)，轄(xia)十二縣(xian)(xian)(xian)。西(xi)(xi)晉永嘉三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(己巳，公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)309年(nian)(nian)(nian))初(chu)，匈奴人劉淵自蒲子城(cheng)(隰縣(xian)(xian)(xian))遷都平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，稱(cheng)(cheng)帝建(jian)漢，境內(nei)(nei)屬(shu)之。東(dong)晉時(shi)(shi)先后屬(shu)并州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)、雍州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)和冀州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)；北魏時(shi)(shi)境內(nei)(nei)為東(dong)雍州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，轄(xia)七(qi)郡(jun)(jun)二十縣(xian)(xian)(xian)；北魏神鹿元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(戊辰，公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)428年(nian)(nian)(nian))始(shi)筑白馬城(cheng)(今(jin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen))，因(yin)魏刑白馬祭祀天地(di)神靈筑城(cheng)而名。孝昌(chang)二年(nian)(nian)(nian)改(gai)置唐州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，治(zhi)所(suo)在平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)故城(cheng)(劉村)；北魏建(jian)義元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(戊申(shen)，公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)528年(nian)(nian)(nian))改(gai)稱(cheng)(cheng)晉州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，移治(zhi)自馬城(cheng)，與郡(jun)(jun)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)同(tong)治(zhi)，沿(yan)(yan)用至今(jin)。②即(ji)(ji)今(jin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)東(dong)省鄒(zou)城(cheng)市。鄒(zou)城(cheng)在春秋戰(zhan)國時(shi)(shi)期古稱(cheng)(cheng)平(ping)(ping)(ping)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)，是“鄒(zou)魯圣(sheng)地(di)”，為中國儒學發源(yuan)地(di)。夏(xia)王朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)期屬(shu)九州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)徐州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)之域，秦(qin)朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)期開始(shi)設置“騶縣(xian)(xian)(xian)”，歷(li)漢、晉、南(nan)北朝(chao)，及唐朝(chao)初(chu)期改(gai)“騶”為“鄒(zou)”，稱(cheng)(cheng)“鄒(zou)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)”，沿(yan)(yan)襲至1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月，撤縣(xian)(xian)(xian)設市，稱(cheng)(cheng)鄒(zou)城(cheng)市。大(da)狐氏(shi)的郡(jun)(jun)望為①即(ji)(ji)今(jin)山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)臨(lin)(lin)汾(fen)。

堂號

平陽堂：以望立堂。

遷徙分布

大狐氏復姓(xing)(xing)是一個非常古老的姓(xing)(xing)氏，但在(zai)今中(zhong)國大陸的姓(xing)(xing)氏排(pai)行榜(bang)上(shang)未列入百(bai)(bai)家姓(xing)(xing)前(qian)一千位，在(zai)臺灣省(sheng)則(ze)沒有。今浙江(jiang)省(sheng)西(xi)南部(bu)的麗水地區(qu)，有零星大狐氏族人(ren)分布，以平(ping)陽(yang)為郡(jun)望。人(ren)口總數(shu)不及一百(bai)(bai)，大概屬于人(ren)口最(zui)稀少的姓(xing)(xing)氏群體之一了。