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源于媯姓，出自戰(zhan)國時期(qi)齊(qi)國大(da)將田(tian)單(dan)(dan)(dan)守(shou)(shou)邑，屬于以(yi)封邑名稱為氏。據(ju)史籍《晏子(zi)春(chun)秋·內篇(pian)問》記載(zai)：“即(ji)墨(mo)氏，據(ju)齊(qi)將田(tian)單(dan)(dan)(dan)守(shou)(shou)即(ji)墨(mo)，支孫氏焉(yan)。”在史籍《風俗通義(yi)·佚文》中引《姓解》記載(zai)：“即(ji)墨(mo)氏，漢(han)有即(ji)墨(mo)威為咸陽令……漢(han)有單(dan)(dan)(dan)父(fu)令即(ji)費，其(qi)先(xian)食采即(ji)墨(mo)，因以(yi)命氏。”在史籍《漢(han)書·儒林傳》也記載(zai)：“戰(zhan)國城陽相即(ji)墨(mo)成，齊(qi)國人(ren)。”

基本介紹

即墨[即墨，讀音作jí mò(ㄐㄧˊㄇㄛˋ)]

姓氏淵源

第一個淵源

源(yuan)于(yu)媯(gui)姓，出(chu)(chu)自戰(zhan)(zhan)國(guo)(guo)晚期齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)大(da)(da)將田(tian)(tian)單(dan)守邑(yi)(yi)，屬于(yu)以(yi)封(feng)邑(yi)(yi)名稱(cheng)為(wei)(wei)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)。據(ju)史籍《晏子春秋(qiu)·內篇問(wen)》記(ji)(ji)載(zai)：“即墨(mo)(mo)(mo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)，據(ju)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)將田(tian)(tian)單(dan)守即墨(mo)(mo)(mo)，支孫氏(shi)(shi)(shi)焉。”在史籍《風(feng)俗通義·佚文》中(zhong)(zhong)引《姓解》記(ji)(ji)載(zai)：“即墨(mo)(mo)(mo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)，漢(han)(han)有即墨(mo)(mo)(mo)威為(wei)(wei)咸(xian)陽(yang)令……漢(han)(han)有單(dan)父令即費，其先食采即墨(mo)(mo)(mo)，因(yin)以(yi)命氏(shi)(shi)(shi)。”在史籍《漢(han)(han)書·儒林傳》也記(ji)(ji)載(zai)：“戰(zhan)(zhan)國(guo)(guo)城陽(yang)相即墨(mo)(mo)(mo)成，齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)人。”田(tian)(tian)單(dan)，是(shi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)王(wang)(wang)族田(tian)(tian)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)家(jia)族的(de)遠房支親，山東淄博臨淄人。齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)湣王(wang)(wang)田(tian)(tian)地執(zhi)政時(shi)期(公元前323～前283年在位(wei)(wei))，田(tian)(tian)單(dan)出(chu)(chu)任齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)都城臨淄的(de)市掾(管(guan)理商(shang)貿市場的(de)官員(yuan))，是(shi)一(yi)位(wei)(wei)資(zi)歷淺、爵位(wei)(wei)低、名氣微的(de)小吏(li)。但是(shi)，田(tian)(tian)單(dan)善于(yu)學習，頗愛兵法，對戰(zhan)(zhan)略戰(zhan)(zhan)術有過精心研究(jiu)，后(hou)率軍駐守即墨(mo)(mo)(mo)(今(jin)山東青島即墨(mo)(mo)(mo))。在燕軍伐齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)戰(zhan)(zhan)爭中(zhong)(zhong)，以(yi)奇計制勝，大(da)(da)敗燕軍，表(biao)現了一(yi)位(wei)(wei)軍事家(jia)的(de)非凡(fan)才能，被田(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)襄王(wang)(wang)封(feng)為(wei)(wei)安平君，是(shi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)軍家(jia)的(de)后(hou)起(qi)之秀。戰(zhan)(zhan)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)期，列國(guo)(guo)爭雄，頻繁的(de)掠奪戰(zhan)(zhan)爭，給(gei)人民造成了無窮的(de)災難。

周慎靚王(wang)(wang)姬(ji)(ji)定三(san)年(nian)(燕(yan)王(wang)(wang)姬(ji)(ji)噲(kuai)三(san)年(nian)，田(tian)齊(qi)(qi)宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)田(tian)辟疆三(san)年(nian)，公元前(qian)318年(nian))，燕(yan)王(wang)(wang)姬(ji)(ji)噲(kuai)將王(wang)(wang)位禪讓給姬(ji)(ji)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，實行政治改革。姬(ji)(ji)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)行王(wang)(wang)事三(san)年(nian)，與反對(dui)改革的勢力(li)發生矛盾，燕(yan)國(guo)大將市被與太(tai)子(zi)姬(ji)(ji)平起兵反叛，雙方(fang)激(ji)戰數月(yue)，死者數萬，燕(yan)國(guo)大亂(luan)，市被及太(tai)子(zi)姬(ji)(ji)平被姬(ji)(ji)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)攻(gong)殺。這時，齊(qi)(qi)宣(xuan)王(wang)(wang)田(tian)辟疆在孟(meng)柯(ke)的勸說(shuo)下(xia)，乘燕(yan)國(guo)危機之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時出兵伐燕(yan)國(guo)，僅五十天即攻(gong)破燕(yan)國(guo)都城，燕(yan)王(wang)(wang)姬(ji)(ji)噲(kuai)和姬(ji)(ji)子(zi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)皆被齊(qi)(qi)軍(jun)所殺。中山國(guo)也趁此(ci)機會奪占了燕(yan)國(guo)大片土地(di)，燕(yan)國(guo)幾乎亡國(guo)。

周赧王(wang)姬延三(san)年(nian)(趙(zhao)武(wu)靈王(wang)趙(zhao)雍十(shi)四年(nian)，公元前312年(nian))，秦、魏、韓(han)三(san)國(guo)(guo)(guo)聯軍救燕(yan)(yan)，擊敗齊軍于濮水之上。第二年(nian)，趙(zhao)武(wu)靈王(wang)派兵將流亡在韓(han)國(guo)(guo)(guo)的燕(yan)(yan)公子姬職護送回燕(yan)(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)，立(li)為(wei)(wei)燕(yan)(yan)昭(zhao)王(wang)。燕(yan)(yan)昭(zhao)王(wang)立(li)志(zhi)報仇雪恨，卑身厚幣(bi)，高筑黃金臺，招聚(ju)天下賢士，得(de)樂毅等人(ren)相助(zhu)，勵精圖(tu)治，燕(yan)(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)從此(ci)強大(da)起來。這一(yi)段歷史(shi)時期(qi)，燕(yan)(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)北破東胡(hu)，將領土(tu)擴大(da)到遼(liao)東地區，設置了上古、漁陽、右北平、遼(liao)西、遼(liao)東五郡，疆域有今滹沱以北的河(he)北中部、遼(liao)寧(ning)大(da)部、山西一(yi)部，再次成為(wei)(wei)一(yi)方強國(guo)(guo)(guo)。

周(zhou)赧王(wang)三(san)十(shi)一年(田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)湣(min)王(wang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地(di)十(shi)七年，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)昭王(wang)姬職二十(shi)八(ba)年，公元(yuan)前284年)，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)昭王(wang)以(yi)樂毅(yi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)上(shang)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)，聯(lian)合了(le)(le)(le)秦、楚、趙、魏、韓五國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共同伐齊(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)湣(min)王(wang)因(yin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)力(li)不足(zu)(zu)，已毫無(wu)應(ying)戰(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)力(li)量，只(zhi)(zhi)得棄都(dou)南逃莒(ju)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)偏(pian)安一時(shi)。因(yin)此(ci)，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)長驅(qu)直(zhi)入，連下齊(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)七十(shi)余城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)在(zai)(zai)臨(lin)(lin)淄擊(ji)殺田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)湣(min)王(wang)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)齊(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)只(zhi)(zhi)剩下了(le)(le)(le)高大(da)堅(jian)固的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)莒(ju)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(今(jin)(jin)(jin)山(shan)東(dong)日照莒(ju)縣)和(he)(he)(he)即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(今(jin)(jin)(jin)山(shan)東(dong)平(ping)度(du))這兩座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池(chi)，使(shi)齊(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)處在(zai)(zai)危亡的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵時(shi)刻。燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)攻破臨(lin)(lin)淄后(hou)(hou)，又東(dong)渡淄河進取(qu)安平(ping)。安平(ping)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(又名(ming)(ming)酃城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、石槽城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng))位(wei)于(yu)(yu)(yu)淄水東(dong)岸，這時(shi)，早(zao)從(cong)臨(lin)(lin)淄退(tui)守安平(ping)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)正(zheng)在(zai)(zai)積極(ji)籌劃拒敵方略。為(wei)(wei)(wei)使(shi)戰(zhan)(zhan)車(che)進退(tui)方便，避免撞(zhuang)擊(ji)，他(ta)命(ming)(ming)令宗(zong)人(ren)(ren)部(bu)下疾速斷去(qu)車(che)軸(zhou)長頭，并固上(shang)鐵籠，當(dang)(dang)(dang)時(shi)許多齊(qi)(qi)兵都(dou)笑話他(ta)。但當(dang)(dang)(dang)安平(ping)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)失守時(shi)，許多齊(qi)(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)兵將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)在(zai)(zai)撤(che)退(tui)時(shi)因(yin)車(che)軸(zhou)相撞(zhuang)，戰(zhan)(zhan)車(che)被(bei)毀(hui)(hui)，紛紛落入燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)手做了(le)(le)(le)俘(fu)虜，唯獨田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)宗(zong)人(ren)(ren)及部(bu)下安然退(tui)居即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨。車(che)軸(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)改革和(he)(he)(he)巧(qiao)勝樂毅(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)謀略，使(shi)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)在(zai)(zai)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)氏宗(zong)人(ren)(ren)中名(ming)(ming)聲(sheng)(sheng)大(da)振(zhen)，威(wei)望更高。在(zai)(zai)即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨大(da)夫(fu)戰(zhan)(zhan)死疆場后(hou)(hou)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)便被(bei)宗(zong)族(zu)及部(bu)下們推為(wei)(wei)(wei)拒燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)統帥(shuai)。足(zu)(zu)智(zhi)(zhi)多謀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)，并沒有(you)(you)因(yin)暫(zan)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)失利(li)而氣(qi)餒(nei)，他(ta)肩負(fu)眾托(tuo)，決心復(fu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，從(cong)而細心分析戰(zhan)(zhan)爭發展(zhan)變化的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)勢(shi)，窺測出(chu)戰(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)良機。就在(zai)(zai)這個時(shi)候(hou)，傳來(lai)了(le)(le)(le)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)昭王(wang)病死，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)王(wang)即(ji)(ji)(ji)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)息。于(yu)(yu)(yu)是，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)利(li)用燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)王(wang)與樂毅(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系有(you)(you)裂隙(xi)，派人(ren)(ren)去(qu)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)王(wang)面(mian)前讒言挑(tiao)撥(bo)，進一步激(ji)(ji)化了(le)(le)(le)君(jun)(jun)臣間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)矛盾，致使(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)王(wang)猜(cai)忌樂毅(yi)，很快就改用騎(qi)劫(jie)為(wei)(wei)(wei)統帥(shuai)。燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)惠(hui)(hui)(hui)王(wang)自(zi)毀(hui)(hui)長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，撤(che)換了(le)(le)(le)智(zhi)(zhi)勇雙全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)樂毅(yi)，樂毅(yi)后(hou)(hou)來(lai)怒(nu)而棄燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，奔赴趙國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。在(zai)(zai)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)變更領軍(jun)(jun)(jun)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)帥(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)抓住燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)驕傲的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)弱點，用以(yi)金錢(qian)賄賂，渙散燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)紀，進一步使(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)放松(song)戒備。而自(zi)己卻積極(ji)作應(ying)戰(zhan)(zhan)計劃和(he)(he)(he)出(chu)擊(ji)準(zhun)備。他(ta)還集田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)氏宗(zong)人(ren)(ren)登城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，親眼目睹(du)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)對齊(qi)(qi)人(ren)(ren)燒(shao)掠、削(xue)鼻(bi)屠殺和(he)(he)(he)掘墳辱尸的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)殘(can)無(wu)人(ren)(ren)道的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)暴行，從(cong)而激(ji)(ji)發了(le)(le)(le)齊(qi)(qi)兵同仇敵愾、收復(fu)失地(di)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)士(shi)氣(qi)。之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)組織老弱女子乘(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，以(yi)示(shi)降燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，同時(shi)組織甲卒精兵埋(mai)伏于(yu)(yu)(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內四周(zhou)，又將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內千余頭牛(niu)，雙角(jiao)裝上(shang)鋒利(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)匕首，身著畫(hua)有(you)(you)龍紋圖案的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)五彩繒衣，尾束(shu)灌足(zu)(zu)脂油的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蘆葦(wei)，后(hou)(hou)隨(sui)精甲壯士(shi)五千余人(ren)(ren)，布下了(le)(le)(le)火牛(niu)陣。當(dang)(dang)(dang)夜深人(ren)(ren)靜燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)酣(han)睡之(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭鑼鼓齊(qi)(qi)嗚(wu)，火燒(shao)牛(niu)尾，數千頭火牛(niu)四面(mian)奔出(chu)，直(zhi)沖(chong)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)大(da)營(ying)，齊(qi)(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)士(shi)則在(zai)(zai)吶喊(han)聲(sheng)(sheng)中隨(sui)牛(niu)沖(chong)殺，頓時(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)大(da)亂，統帥(shuai)騎(qi)劫(jie)一命(ming)(ming)鳴乎。齊(qi)(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)乘(cheng)勝直(zhi)追，一連串地(di)取(qu)得了(le)(le)(le)敗燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)復(fu)齊(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)部(bu)勝利(li)。之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)返回營(ying)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(今(jin)(jin)(jin)山(shan)東(dong)東(dong)營(ying)廣(guang)饒)，于(yu)(yu)(yu)周(zhou)赧王(wang)三(san)十(shi)二年(田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)襄(xiang)王(wang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)法章元(yuan)年，公元(yuan)前283年)迎田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)襄(xiang)王(wang)還都(dou)臨(lin)(lin)淄。“火牛(niu)那(nei)可問，風雨夜燒(shao)青，巌巌七十(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，一夜息金刁！”田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)因(yin)復(fu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)功(gong)，被(bei)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)襄(xiang)王(wang)封任為(wei)(wei)(wei)相國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、安平(ping)君(jun)(jun)。在(zai)(zai)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)逝(shi)世后(hou)(hou)安葬于(yu)(yu)(yu)安平(ping)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(今(jin)(jin)(jin)山(shan)東(dong)淄博臨(lin)(lin)淄區皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)村(cun)東(dong)南部(bu))。

春秋戰國時(shi)期，齊國以邑為姓氏(shi)者有(you)即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)氏(shi)、崔(cui)氏(shi)、盧氏(shi)、鮑氏(shi)、來氏(shi)、棠(tang)氏(shi)、檀(tan)氏(shi)、晏氏(shi)、梁邱氏(shi)等二十三氏(shi)。即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)氏(shi)族(zu)人大(da)多是(shi)田(tian)單(dan)的庶支子孫(sun)，以先祖(zu)守即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)而(er)得姓，后有(you)省文簡化為單(dan)姓即(ji)(ji)(ji)氏(shi)、墨(mo)氏(shi)者，皆(jie)世代相傳。即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)氏(shi)以及(ji)分衍的即(ji)(ji)(ji)氏(shi)、墨(mo)氏(shi)族(zu)人，大(da)多尊奉田(tian)單(dan)為得姓始祖(zu)。

第二個淵源

源于(yu)(yu)姬姓，出(chu)自東漢(han)初(chu)期著名大將(jiang)賈(jia)復之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)子(zi)賈(jia)宗，屬于(yu)(yu)以(yi)封(feng)邑名稱(cheng)為(wei)氏。賈(jia)復，公元？～55年(nian)待考(kao)，字(zi)君(jun)文(wen)，南陽冠(guan)軍(jun)人(ren)。少好(hao)學(xue)，通習(xi)《尚書》。開始(shi)事從舞陰李生(sheng)(sheng)，李生(sheng)(sheng)奇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，對自己的門人(ren)說：“賈(jia)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)容(rong)貌志氣如此，而(er)勤(qin)于(yu)(yu)學(xue)，將(jiang)相之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)器也(ye)。”王莽末期，賈(jia)復為(wei)縣掾，即管理市(shi)場的小(xiao)官(guan)。不(bu)久，下(xia)江、新市(shi)兵起(qi)，賈(jia)復也(ye)聚眾(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)百人(ren)于(yu)(yu)羽山，自號(hao)將(jiang)軍(jun)。漢(han)更(geng)始(shi)帝立，賈(jia)復率其部眾(zhong)(zhong)歸漢(han)中(zhong)(zhong)王劉嘉，官(guan)為(wei)校(xiao)尉(wei)。不(bu)久，賈(jia)復見漢(han)更(geng)始(shi)帝政權混亂，諸將(jiang)放縱，乃(nai)對漢(han)中(zhong)(zhong)王說：“臣(chen)聞圖堯、舜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事而(er)不(bu)能(neng)至者，湯、武是(shi)(shi)也(ye)；圖湯、武之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事而(er)不(bu)能(neng)至者，桓、文(wen)是(shi)(shi)也(ye)；圖桓、文(wen)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)事而(er)不(bu)能(neng)至者，六國是(shi)(shi)也(ye)；定六國之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)規，欲(yu)安守之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)而(er)不(bu)能(neng)至者，亡六國是(shi)(shi)也(ye)。今漢(han)室(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)興，大王以(yi)親(qin)戚為(wei)籓輔(fu)，天下(xia)未(wei)定而(er)安守所保，所保得無不(bu)可保乎？”漢(han)中(zhong)(zhong)王感嘆道：“卿言大，非(fei)吾任也(ye)。大司馬劉公在河北，必能(neng)相施，第持我書往(wang)。”賈(jia)復遂(sui)辭(ci)別漢(han)中(zhong)(zhong)王，受書北度(du)河。

及(ji)至(zhi)漢(han)(han)光武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)起兵(bing)，鄧(deng)禹向(xiang)劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)推薦(jian)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)見到賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)后(hou)(hou)奇(qi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，鄧(deng)禹亦稱(cheng)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)有(you)(you)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)帥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)節，于(yu)是(shi)劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)任命賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)為(wei)破(po)虜將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)督盜賊。賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)迅速平(ping)定(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)當地的(de)(de)盜賊，劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)以(yi)(yi)(yi)左驂賜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。當吏部以(yi)(yi)(yi)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)后(hou)(hou)來而好(hao)陵(ling)折(zhe)等輩，調補(bu)其(qi)為(wei)鄗(hao)尉，劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)馬上制(zhi)止說：“賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)督有(you)(you)折(zhe)沖(chong)千里之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威，方(fang)(fang)任以(yi)(yi)(yi)職(zhi)，勿得(de)擅(shan)除(chu)。”后(hou)(hou)劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)至(zhi)信都(dou)(今(jin)(jin)河(he)(he)北(bei)冀縣(xian))，以(yi)(yi)(yi)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)為(wei)偏將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。不(bu)(bu)久(jiu)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)率軍(jun)(jun)(jun)攻克邯鄲，遷(qian)升都(dou)護將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。在一(yi)次跟隨劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)擊(ji)(ji)青犢于(yu)射犬時(shi)(shi)，雙方(fang)(fang)大(da)戰至(zhi)中午，敵(di)(di)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)首領(ling)陳堅(jian)(jian)堅(jian)(jian)守不(bu)(bu)退。劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)傳召(zhao)(zhao)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)：“吏士皆(jie)(jie)饑(ji)，可且朝(chao)(chao)飯。”賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)卻(que)回答：“先(xian)破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，然后(hou)(hou)食耳！”于(yu)是(shi)被羽先(xian)登(deng)，所向(xiang)皆(jie)(jie)靡(mi)，陳堅(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)敵(di)(di)而潰(kui)敗。諸(zhu)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)皆(jie)(jie)佩服賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勇(yong)。之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)又在北(bei)方(fang)(fang)與五校(xiao)戰于(yu)真定(ding)(ding)(今(jin)(jin)河(he)(he)北(bei)正定(ding)(ding))，大(da)破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。但賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也(ye)受(shou)了(le)(le)重(zhong)(zhong)傷(shang)(shang)。當時(shi)(shi)劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)得(de)知賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)重(zhong)(zhong)傷(shang)(shang)后(hou)(hou)大(da)驚：“我(wo)所以(yi)(yi)(yi)不(bu)(bu)令賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)別將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)者，為(wei)其(qi)輕(qing)敵(di)(di)也(ye)。果(guo)然，失吾名將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)。聞其(qi)婦有(you)(you)孕，生女邪(xie)(xie)，我(wo)子(zi)娶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，生男邪(xie)(xie)，我(wo)女嫁之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不(bu)(bu)令其(qi)憂妻子(zi)也(ye)。”誰(shui)知賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)很快就(jiu)傷(shang)(shang)愈，一(yi)好(hao)就(jiu)立即(ji)追到薊(ji)縣(xian)去(qu)見劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)。劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)見到賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)沒(mei)事了(le)(le)，“甚歡，大(da)饗(xiang)士卒(zu)，令復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)居前，擊(ji)(ji)鄴(ye)賊，破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”劉(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)(xiu)即(ji)位為(wei)漢(han)(han)光武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，拜賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)為(wei)執金(jin)吾，封(feng)冠軍(jun)(jun)(jun)侯。之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)先(xian)領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)度(du)河(he)(he)攻朱(zhu)鮪于(yu)洛陽(yang)(yang)，再(zai)與白虎(hu)公陳僑(qiao)鏖戰，連(lian)破(po)降之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。東漢(han)(han)建武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)二(er)年(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)26年(nian)(nian))，益(yi)封(feng)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)穰(今(jin)(jin)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)鄧(deng)州)、朝(chao)(chao)陽(yang)(yang)二(er)縣(xian)。當時(shi)(shi)漢(han)(han)更始帝(di)(di)(di)的(de)(de)屬(shu)下(xia)郾(yan)王(wang)尹尊(zun)(zun)及(ji)諸(zhu)大(da)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)在南(nan)(nan)方(fang)(fang)未(wei)降者尚多，漢(han)(han)光武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)召(zhao)(zhao)集諸(zhu)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)議兵(bing)事。當時(shi)(shi)大(da)家竇不(bu)(bu)說話(hua)言，沉吟久(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，漢(han)(han)光武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)(yi)檄叩(kou)地曰：“郾(yan)最強，宛(wan)為(wei)次，誰(shui)當擊(ji)(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？”賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)率然回答：“臣(chen)請擊(ji)(ji)郾(yan)。”漢(han)(han)光武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)一(yi)見賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，就(jiu)笑了(le)(le)：“執金(jin)吾擊(ji)(ji)郾(yan)，吾復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)何憂！卿謀略過(guo)人，今(jin)(jin)則其(qi)以(yi)(yi)(yi)便宜(yi)從(cong)(cong)事，勿復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)先(xian)請。”遂派(pai)遣賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)與騎都(dou)尉陰(yin)識、驍騎將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)劉(liu)(liu)植南(nan)(nan)度(du)五社津(今(jin)(jin)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)鞏縣(xian)北(bei)部)出擊(ji)(ji)郾(yan)王(wang)尹尊(zun)(zun)，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)連(lian)連(lian)破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。一(yi)個來月，郾(yan)王(wang)尹尊(zun)(zun)歸降，盡定(ding)(ding)其(qi)地。之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)(hou)，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)再(zai)引軍(jun)(jun)(jun)東擊(ji)(ji)漢(han)(han)更始帝(di)(di)(di)屬(shu)下(xia)的(de)(de)淮(huai)陽(yang)(yang)太守暴汜，暴汜也(ye)歸降，屬(shu)縣(xian)悉(xi)定(ding)(ding)。到了(le)(le)秋(qiu)天，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)再(zai)次領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)南(nan)(nan)擊(ji)(ji)召(zhao)(zhao)陵(ling)(今(jin)(jin)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)漯(luo)河(he)(he)召(zhao)(zhao)陵(ling))、新息(今(jin)(jin)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)息縣(xian))，皆(jie)(jie)平(ping)定(ding)(ding)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。東漢(han)(han)建武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)三年(nian)(nian)(公元(yuan)27年(nian)(nian))春季，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)因功官(guan)遷(qian)左將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)，再(zai)領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)出擊(ji)(ji)赤眉于(yu)新城(今(jin)(jin)湖北(bei)大(da)悟)、澠(min)池(chi)(今(jin)(jin)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)澠(min)池(chi))之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間，連(lian)破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。不(bu)(bu)久(jiu)與漢(han)(han)光武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)會(hui)師于(yu)宜(yi)陽(yang)(yang)(今(jin)(jin)河(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)洛陽(yang)(yang)宜(yi)陽(yang)(yang))，降服了(le)(le)所有(you)(you)的(de)(de)赤眉軍(jun)(jun)(jun)，完(wan)全(quan)穩定(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)東漢(han)(han)王(wang)朝(chao)(chao)。賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)生征戰，從(cong)(cong)未(wei)又敗績，他數次解除(chu)了(le)(le)諸(zhu)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)潰(kui)圍解急，曾身受(shou)十二(er)次重(zhong)(zhong)傷(shang)(shang)。漢(han)(han)光武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)(yi)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)善用兵(bing)、敢深入，凡沒(mei)把握(wo)的(de)(de)遠征之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戰，皆(jie)(jie)帶著賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)而壯(zhuang)其(qi)勇(yong)節，常自從(cong)(cong)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故而賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)直沒(mei)有(you)(you)什么單方(fang)(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)特殊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勛。后(hou)(hou)來諸(zhu)將(jiang)(jiang)(jiang)每論功自伐，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)未(wei)嘗有(you)(you)言。漢(han)(han)光武(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)卻(que)說：“賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)君(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功，我(wo)自知之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”

東(dong)漢建武(wu)十(shi)(shi)三(san)年(nian)(公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元37年(nian))，定封(feng)膠東(dong)侯，食郁(yu)秩、壯武(wu)、下(xia)密(mi)、即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨、梃、觀陽，凡六縣(xian)。賈(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)深知(zhi)漢光(guang)(guang)武(wu)帝(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)直欲偃干戈，修文德，不(bu)欲功臣擁眾京(jing)師，乃與(yu)(yu)高密(mi)侯鄧禹并(bing)(bing)剽甲兵，敦儒學。漢光(guang)(guang)武(wu)帝(di)(di)深然之，遂罷左右將軍。賈(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)以(yi)列侯就第，加位特進。賈(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)人剛毅方(fang)(fang)(fang)直，多大(da)節。既(ji)還(huan)私(si)第，闔門(men)養威(wei)重。漢光(guang)(guang)武(wu)帝(di)(di)最信任的(de)同窗朱祐大(da)力推薦賈(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)宜為(wei)(wei)(wei)宰(zai)相，漢光(guang)(guang)武(wu)帝(di)(di)方(fang)(fang)(fang)以(yi)吏事責(ze)三(san)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，故功臣并(bing)(bing)不(bu)用。是時，列侯中惟高密(mi)、固始、膠東(dong)三(san)侯與(yu)(yu)公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)卿參(can)議(yi)(yi)國家大(da)事，恩遇甚厚。東(dong)漢建武(wu)三(san)十(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)(公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元55年(nian))，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)逝世，賜謚“剛侯”。到(dao)了東(dong)漢漢章帝(di)(di)劉(liu)炟即(ji)(ji)(ji)位(公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元76～87年(nian)在(zai)(zai)位)，封(feng)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)的(de)兒(er)子賈(jia)(jia)(jia)邯(han)為(wei)(wei)(wei)膠東(dong)侯，封(feng)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)邯(han)的(de)弟(di)弟(di)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)宗(zong)(zong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨侯，各(ge)領一(yi)(yi)縣(xian)。即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨侯賈(jia)(jia)(jia)宗(zong)(zong)，字武(wu)孺，少有操行，多智略(lve)。初拜郎中，稍遷，東(dong)漢建初五年(nian)(公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)元80年(nian))為(wei)(wei)(wei)朔方(fang)(fang)(fang)太守(shou)。舊內郡徙人在(zai)(zai)邊者(zhe)，率多貧(pin)弱，為(wei)(wei)(wei)居(ju)人所仆役(yi)，不(bu)得為(wei)(wei)(wei)吏。賈(jia)(jia)(jia)宗(zong)(zong)擢用其任職者(zhe)，與(yu)(yu)邊吏參(can)選(xuan)，轉(zhuan)相監司，以(yi)揭發其奸，或以(yi)功次補長(chang)吏，故各(ge)愿盡(jin)死(si)。匈奴當時十(shi)(shi)分懼怕(pa)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)宗(zong)(zong)，不(bu)敢入(ru)塞。后征為(wei)(wei)(wei)長(chang)水校尉。賈(jia)(jia)(jia)宗(zong)(zong)還(huan)精通儒術，每(mei)宴見，常使(shi)與(yu)(yu)少府(fu)丁鴻等(deng)論議(yi)(yi)于前。

東(dong)漢章和二年(公元(yuan)88年)，賈宗逝(shi)世(shi)(shi)，東(dong)漢朝廷(ting)上下都為(wei)他的(de)去世(shi)(shi)而十分(fen)愍惜。賈宗的(de)兒子叫賈參(can)。在賈參(can)的(de)庶支子孫中，有以(yi)先(xian)祖爵號“即墨(mo)(mo)侯”為(wei)姓氏(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)，稱即墨(mo)(mo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)，后有一(yi)部分(fen)人省(sheng)文(wen)簡(jian)改(gai)為(wei)單姓墨(mo)(mo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)，一(yi)部分(fen)復為(wei)賈氏(shi)(shi)(shi)，皆世(shi)(shi)代相(xiang)傳至今。

得姓始祖

田單、賈復。

遷徙分布

即墨氏(shi)復姓是(shi)非常古老的(de)姓氏(shi)之一，但今已經多省(sheng)文(wen)簡(jian)改為單姓即氏(shi)、墨氏(shi)，即墨氏(shi)復姓反而難(nan)見(jian)了。

郡望堂號

郡望

膠(jiao)(jiao)東郡：西漢時(shi)期設置膠(jiao)(jiao)東郡，之后有時(shi)是(shi)國(guo)，治(zhi)所(suo)在(zai)即墨(今山東平度(du))。

即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)：春秋、戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)屬(shu)齊(qi)國(guo)(guo)。秦朝時(shi)期(qi)(qi)設即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，屬(shu)齊(qi)郡。西漢(han)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)，即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)城(cheng)同時(shi)為(wei)膠東(dong)(dong)王國(guo)(guo)都城(cheng)。東(dong)(dong)漢(han)及兩(liang)晉(jin)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)屬(shu)青(qing)州(zhou)。隋(sui)、唐、明、清(qing)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)均屬(shu)萊(lai)州(zhou)。民(min)國(guo)(guo)三十二(er)年(nian)(nian)(癸未(wei)，公元(yuan)1943年(nian)(nian))分設即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)東(dong)(dong)、即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)兩(liang)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，民(min)國(guo)(guo)三十三年(nian)(nian)(甲申，公元(yuan)1944年(nian)(nian))4月即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)東(dong)(dong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)并入即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，民(min)國(guo)(guo)三十四年(nian)(nian)(乙酉，公元(yuan)1945年(nian)(nian))7月，恢復即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)東(dong)(dong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。中華人民(min)共(gong)和國(guo)(guo)建國(guo)(guo)初期(qi)(qi)，屬(shu)膠州(zhou)專(zhuan)區。1956年(nian)(nian)3月即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)東(dong)(dong)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)并入即(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，改(gai)屬(shu)萊(lai)陽專(zhuan)區。1958年(nian)(nian)10月改(gai)屬(shu)青(qing)島市(shi)(shi)。1961年(nian)(nian)3月，改(gai)屬(shu)煙臺(tai)專(zhuan)區。1978年(nian)(nian)12月改(gai)屬(shu)青(qing)島市(shi)(shi)。1989年(nian)(nian)9月撤縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)設市(shi)(shi)。

堂號

膠東堂：以望立堂。

即墨堂：以望立堂。

歷史名人

即(ji)墨威(wei)：(生卒年待考)，山東即(ji)墨人。著名漢朝咸陽(yang)令。