芒果视频下载

源(yuan)于媯姓(xing)，出自戰國時期齊(qi)國大(da)將田單守邑，屬于以封邑名稱為氏(shi)。據史(shi)(shi)籍(ji)《晏子春(chun)秋·內篇(pian)問》記載(zai)(zai)：“即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)氏(shi)，據齊(qi)將田單守即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)，支孫氏(shi)焉。”在史(shi)(shi)籍(ji)《風俗通義·佚文》中(zhong)引《姓(xing)解》記載(zai)(zai)：“即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)氏(shi)，漢有即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)威為咸(xian)陽令(ling)……漢有單父令(ling)即(ji)(ji)(ji)費(fei)，其先(xian)食(shi)采(cai)即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)，因(yin)以命氏(shi)。”在史(shi)(shi)籍(ji)《漢書(shu)·儒(ru)林(lin)傳》也記載(zai)(zai)：“戰國城陽相即(ji)(ji)(ji)墨(mo)成，齊(qi)國人。”

基本介紹

即墨[即墨，讀音作jí mò(ㄐㄧˊㄇㄛˋ)]

姓氏淵源

第一個淵源

源于(yu)媯姓，出自(zi)戰國(guo)(guo)(guo)晚期齊(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)大將田(tian)單(dan)守邑，屬于(yu)以(yi)(yi)封邑名稱為(wei)氏。據史籍《晏(yan)子春(chun)秋(qiu)·內篇問》記載(zai)：“即(ji)墨(mo)氏，據齊(qi)(qi)(qi)將田(tian)單(dan)守即(ji)墨(mo)，支(zhi)孫氏焉。”在(zai)史籍《風俗通義·佚(yi)文》中引《姓解》記載(zai)：“即(ji)墨(mo)氏，漢(han)有即(ji)墨(mo)威為(wei)咸陽令(ling)……漢(han)有單(dan)父(fu)令(ling)即(ji)費，其先食(shi)采即(ji)墨(mo)，因(yin)以(yi)(yi)命氏。”在(zai)史籍《漢(han)書·儒林傳(chuan)》也記載(zai)：“戰國(guo)(guo)(guo)城(cheng)陽相即(ji)墨(mo)成(cheng)，齊(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)人。”田(tian)單(dan)，是(shi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)王族田(tian)氏家族的(de)遠房支(zhi)親(qin)，山東淄(zi)(zi)博(bo)臨淄(zi)(zi)人。齊(qi)(qi)(qi)湣王田(tian)地執政(zheng)時(shi)期(公元前323～前283年在(zai)位)，田(tian)單(dan)出任(ren)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)都城(cheng)臨淄(zi)(zi)的(de)市(shi)掾(管理商(shang)貿市(shi)場(chang)的(de)官員)，是(shi)一(yi)位資(zi)歷淺、爵位低、名氣(qi)微的(de)小吏(li)。但是(shi)，田(tian)單(dan)善于(yu)學習(xi)，頗愛兵(bing)法(fa)，對戰略戰術有過(guo)精心研究，后(hou)(hou)率軍(jun)駐守即(ji)墨(mo)(今山東青(qing)島即(ji)墨(mo))。在(zai)燕軍(jun)伐齊(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)戰爭中，以(yi)(yi)奇計制勝，大敗燕軍(jun)，表現了(le)一(yi)位軍(jun)事家的(de)非凡才能(neng)，被田(tian)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)襄(xiang)王封為(wei)安平君(jun)，是(shi)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)軍(jun)家的(de)后(hou)(hou)起之秀。戰國(guo)(guo)(guo)時(shi)期，列國(guo)(guo)(guo)爭雄，頻繁的(de)掠奪戰爭，給(gei)人民(min)造成(cheng)了(le)無窮的(de)災難。

周慎靚王(wang)(wang)(wang)姬(ji)定(ding)三年(nian)(nian)(燕(yan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)姬(ji)噲(kuai)三年(nian)(nian)，田齊宣王(wang)(wang)(wang)田辟疆三年(nian)(nian)，公元前318年(nian)(nian))，燕(yan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)姬(ji)噲(kuai)將王(wang)(wang)(wang)位禪讓給姬(ji)子(zi)之(zhi)，實(shi)行政治改革。姬(ji)子(zi)之(zhi)行王(wang)(wang)(wang)事三年(nian)(nian)，與反(fan)(fan)對改革的勢力(li)發生矛盾(dun)，燕(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)大將市被(bei)與太子(zi)姬(ji)平起兵反(fan)(fan)叛(pan)，雙方(fang)激戰數(shu)月，死者數(shu)萬，燕(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)大亂，市被(bei)及太子(zi)姬(ji)平被(bei)姬(ji)子(zi)之(zhi)攻(gong)殺(sha)。這時，齊宣王(wang)(wang)(wang)田辟疆在(zai)孟(meng)柯的勸說下，乘燕(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)危機之(zhi)時出(chu)兵伐燕(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)，僅五十天即攻(gong)破燕(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)都城，燕(yan)王(wang)(wang)(wang)姬(ji)噲(kuai)和姬(ji)子(zi)之(zhi)皆被(bei)齊軍所殺(sha)。中山國(guo)(guo)(guo)也趁此(ci)機會奪占了燕(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)大片(pian)土(tu)地，燕(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)幾(ji)乎亡國(guo)(guo)(guo)。

周(zhou)赧王姬(ji)延三年(nian)(nian)(趙武靈王趙雍(yong)十四年(nian)(nian)，公元前(qian)312年(nian)(nian))，秦、魏、韓三國聯軍救燕(yan)，擊敗(bai)齊軍于濮(pu)水之上。第二年(nian)(nian)，趙武靈王派(pai)兵(bing)將流亡在韓國的(de)燕(yan)公子姬(ji)職護(hu)送(song)回燕(yan)國，立為燕(yan)昭王。燕(yan)昭王立志報(bao)仇(chou)雪恨(hen)，卑身厚幣，高筑黃金(jin)臺，招聚天下賢士(shi)，得樂(le)毅等人相助，勵精圖治，燕(yan)國從此強大(da)起來。這一(yi)段歷(li)史時期，燕(yan)國北(bei)破東(dong)胡，將領土擴大(da)到遼(liao)(liao)東(dong)地(di)區，設置(zhi)了上古、漁陽、右北(bei)平、遼(liao)(liao)西(xi)、遼(liao)(liao)東(dong)五郡(jun)，疆域有今滹沱以北(bei)的(de)河(he)北(bei)中(zhong)部(bu)(bu)、遼(liao)(liao)寧大(da)部(bu)(bu)、山西(xi)一(yi)部(bu)(bu)，再次成為一(yi)方強國。

周(zhou)赧王(wang)(wang)三十(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)湣王(wang)(wang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)地十(shi)七年(nian)(nian)，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)昭王(wang)(wang)姬職二十(shi)八年(nian)(nian)，公(gong)元(yuan)前284年(nian)(nian))，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)昭王(wang)(wang)以樂(le)毅(yi)(yi)為(wei)上將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，聯合了(le)(le)(le)(le)秦、楚、趙、魏、韓五國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共(gong)同(tong)(tong)伐齊(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)湣王(wang)(wang)因國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)力不足(zu)，已毫無(wu)(wu)應(ying)戰的(de)(de)(de)(de)力量，只得(de)棄(qi)都(dou)南逃莒城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)偏安(an)(an)(an)(an)一(yi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。因此(ci)，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)長驅(qu)直入，連(lian)(lian)下齊(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)七十(shi)余城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)在(zai)(zai)(zai)臨(lin)(lin)淄(zi)擊殺(sha)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)湣王(wang)(wang)。當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)只剩下了(le)(le)(le)(le)高(gao)大(da)堅固的(de)(de)(de)(de)莒城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(今山東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)日照(zhao)莒縣)和(he)即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(今山東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)平(ping)(ping)度)這兩座城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)池，使齊(qi)(qi)(qi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)處在(zai)(zai)(zai)危亡(wang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)刻。燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)攻破臨(lin)(lin)淄(zi)后(hou)，又東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)渡淄(zi)河進取安(an)(an)(an)(an)平(ping)(ping)。安(an)(an)(an)(an)平(ping)(ping)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(又名酃城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、石槽城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng))位于(yu)淄(zi)水東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)岸，這時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，早(zao)從臨(lin)(lin)淄(zi)退(tui)(tui)守安(an)(an)(an)(an)平(ping)(ping)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)正在(zai)(zai)(zai)積極籌劃(hua)拒敵方略。為(wei)使戰車(che)(che)進退(tui)(tui)方便(bian)，避免撞(zhuang)擊，他(ta)(ta)命令宗(zong)人部下疾速斷去車(che)(che)軸(zhou)長頭(tou)(tou)，并(bing)固上鐵籠，當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)許多齊(qi)(qi)(qi)兵都(dou)笑話他(ta)(ta)。但當(dang)安(an)(an)(an)(an)平(ping)(ping)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)失守時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，許多齊(qi)(qi)(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)兵將(jiang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)撤退(tui)(tui)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)因車(che)(che)軸(zhou)相撞(zhuang)，戰車(che)(che)被毀，紛紛落入燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)之(zhi)(zhi)手做(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)(le)俘虜，唯獨田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)宗(zong)人及(ji)(ji)部下安(an)(an)(an)(an)然退(tui)(tui)居(ju)即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)。車(che)(che)軸(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)改(gai)革(ge)和(he)巧勝(sheng)樂(le)毅(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)謀略，使田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)氏(shi)宗(zong)人中(zhong)名聲(sheng)大(da)振，威望更高(gao)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)大(da)夫(fu)戰死(si)疆場后(hou)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)便(bian)被宗(zong)族(zu)及(ji)(ji)部下們推為(wei)拒燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)統(tong)帥(shuai)。足(zu)智多謀的(de)(de)(de)(de)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)，并(bing)沒有因暫時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)失利(li)(li)而氣(qi)餒，他(ta)(ta)肩負眾托，決心復國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，從而細心分析戰爭(zheng)發展變(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)形勢，窺測(ce)出(chu)(chu)戰的(de)(de)(de)(de)良機。就在(zai)(zai)(zai)這個時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)候，傳來了(le)(le)(le)(le)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)昭王(wang)(wang)病(bing)死(si)，燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)惠王(wang)(wang)即(ji)(ji)位的(de)(de)(de)(de)消息(xi)(xi)。于(yu)是，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)利(li)(li)用燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)惠王(wang)(wang)與樂(le)毅(yi)(yi)之(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)關系有裂隙(xi)，派人去燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)惠王(wang)(wang)面前讒言挑撥，進一(yi)步激(ji)化了(le)(le)(le)(le)君臣間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)矛盾，致(zhi)使燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)惠王(wang)(wang)猜忌樂(le)毅(yi)(yi)，很快(kuai)就改(gai)用騎劫(jie)(jie)為(wei)統(tong)帥(shuai)。燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)惠王(wang)(wang)自(zi)毀長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，撤換了(le)(le)(le)(le)智勇(yong)雙全的(de)(de)(de)(de)樂(le)毅(yi)(yi)，樂(le)毅(yi)(yi)后(hou)來怒而棄(qi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)，奔(ben)赴趙國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)變(bian)更領軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)將(jiang)帥(shuai)之(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)抓住燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)將(jiang)驕傲(ao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)弱(ruo)(ruo)點，用以金錢賄賂，渙散燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)紀，進一(yi)步使燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)放松戒備(bei)。而自(zi)己卻積極作應(ying)戰計劃(hua)和(he)出(chu)(chu)擊準備(bei)。他(ta)(ta)還(huan)集田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)氏(shi)宗(zong)人登城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，親眼目(mu)睹燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)對齊(qi)(qi)(qi)人燒掠(lve)、削鼻屠殺(sha)和(he)掘墳辱尸的(de)(de)(de)(de)殘無(wu)(wu)人道的(de)(de)(de)(de)暴(bao)行，從而激(ji)發了(le)(le)(le)(le)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)兵同(tong)(tong)仇敵愾、收復失地的(de)(de)(de)(de)士(shi)(shi)氣(qi)。之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)組織老弱(ruo)(ruo)女子乘(cheng)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，以示降燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)，同(tong)(tong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)組織甲卒精(jing)兵埋伏于(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內四周(zhou)，又將(jiang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內千余頭(tou)(tou)牛(niu)，雙角裝(zhuang)上鋒利(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)匕首，身著(zhu)畫有龍紋圖案的(de)(de)(de)(de)五彩(cai)繒衣(yi)，尾束(shu)灌(guan)足(zu)脂油的(de)(de)(de)(de)蘆葦(wei)，后(hou)隨精(jing)甲壯士(shi)(shi)五千余人，布(bu)下了(le)(le)(le)(le)火牛(niu)陣。當(dang)夜(ye)深人靜燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)酣睡之(zhi)(zhi)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)頭(tou)(tou)鑼鼓齊(qi)(qi)(qi)嗚，火燒牛(niu)尾，數千頭(tou)(tou)火牛(niu)四面奔(ben)出(chu)(chu)，直沖燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)大(da)營(ying)，齊(qi)(qi)(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)將(jiang)士(shi)(shi)則在(zai)(zai)(zai)吶喊聲(sheng)中(zhong)隨牛(niu)沖殺(sha)，頓時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)大(da)亂，統(tong)帥(shuai)騎劫(jie)(jie)一(yi)命鳴(ming)乎。齊(qi)(qi)(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)乘(cheng)勝(sheng)直追，一(yi)連(lian)(lian)串地取得(de)了(le)(le)(le)(le)敗燕(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)復齊(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)全部勝(sheng)利(li)(li)。之(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)，田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)返回(hui)營(ying)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(今山東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)營(ying)廣饒)，于(yu)周(zhou)赧王(wang)(wang)三十(shi)二年(nian)(nian)(田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)襄王(wang)(wang)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)法章元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)，公(gong)元(yuan)前283年(nian)(nian))迎田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)襄王(wang)(wang)還(huan)都(dou)臨(lin)(lin)淄(zi)。“火牛(niu)那可(ke)問，風雨夜(ye)燒青(qing)，巌巌七十(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，一(yi)夜(ye)息(xi)(xi)金刁(diao)！”田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)因復國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)之(zhi)(zhi)功，被田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)齊(qi)(qi)(qi)襄王(wang)(wang)封任為(wei)相國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)、安(an)(an)(an)(an)平(ping)(ping)君。在(zai)(zai)(zai)田(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)單(dan)(dan)逝世后(hou)安(an)(an)(an)(an)葬(zang)于(yu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)平(ping)(ping)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)內(今山東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)淄(zi)博臨(lin)(lin)淄(zi)區(qu)皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉(xiang)皇(huang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)村(cun)東(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)南部)。

春秋戰國時期，齊國以(yi)邑(yi)為姓(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)有即(ji)墨(mo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、崔氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、盧氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、鮑氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、來氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、棠氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、檀氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、晏氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、梁邱氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)等二十(shi)三氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。即(ji)墨(mo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)人大多是(shi)田單(dan)的(de)庶(shu)支子(zi)孫，以(yi)先祖守即(ji)墨(mo)而(er)得姓(xing)，后有省(sheng)文簡化為單(dan)姓(xing)即(ji)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、墨(mo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe)，皆世代相傳。即(ji)墨(mo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)及(ji)分衍的(de)即(ji)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、墨(mo)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)族(zu)人，大多尊(zun)奉田單(dan)為得姓(xing)始祖。

第二個淵源

源于(yu)姬姓，出(chu)自(zi)東漢(han)(han)(han)初期著名大(da)將賈(jia)(jia)復之(zhi)子賈(jia)(jia)宗，屬于(yu)以(yi)封邑名稱為(wei)氏。賈(jia)(jia)復，公元(yuan)？～55年待考，字君(jun)文，南陽冠軍人。少好學，通習(xi)《尚書》。開始事(shi)(shi)從舞陰李生(sheng)，李生(sheng)奇之(zhi)，對自(zi)己(ji)的門人說：“賈(jia)(jia)君(jun)之(zhi)容(rong)貌志氣如此，而(er)勤于(yu)學，將相之(zhi)器也(ye)(ye)。”王(wang)莽末(mo)期，賈(jia)(jia)復為(wei)縣掾(yuan)，即管理市(shi)場的小官。不久，下(xia)江(jiang)、新(xin)市(shi)兵起，賈(jia)(jia)復也(ye)(ye)聚(ju)眾(zhong)數百人于(yu)羽山，自(zi)號將軍。漢(han)(han)(han)更(geng)始帝(di)立，賈(jia)(jia)復率(lv)其部眾(zhong)歸漢(han)(han)(han)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)王(wang)劉(liu)嘉，官為(wei)校尉。不久，賈(jia)(jia)復見漢(han)(han)(han)更(geng)始帝(di)政權混亂(luan)，諸將放縱，乃對漢(han)(han)(han)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)王(wang)說：“臣聞(wen)圖堯、舜之(zhi)事(shi)(shi)而(er)不能至者(zhe)，湯、武(wu)是也(ye)(ye)；圖湯、武(wu)之(zhi)事(shi)(shi)而(er)不能至者(zhe)，桓、文是也(ye)(ye)；圖桓、文之(zhi)事(shi)(shi)而(er)不能至者(zhe)，六(liu)(liu)國是也(ye)(ye)；定六(liu)(liu)國之(zhi)規，欲安守之(zhi)而(er)不能至者(zhe)，亡(wang)六(liu)(liu)國是也(ye)(ye)。今漢(han)(han)(han)室中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)興，大(da)王(wang)以(yi)親戚(qi)為(wei)籓輔(fu)，天下(xia)未定而(er)安守所保，所保得無不可保乎？”漢(han)(han)(han)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)王(wang)感嘆道(dao)：“卿言大(da)，非吾任也(ye)(ye)。大(da)司馬(ma)劉(liu)公在(zai)河(he)北，必能相施，第(di)持我書往。”賈(jia)(jia)復遂辭別漢(han)(han)(han)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)王(wang)，受書北度(du)河(he)。

及至(zhi)(zhi)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)光(guang)武帝(di)(di)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)起(qi)兵，鄧禹向劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)推薦賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)見(jian)到(dao)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)后奇之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，鄧禹亦稱(cheng)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)有(you)將(jiang)(jiang)帥之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)節，于是(shi)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)任命賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)為破(po)虜將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)督盜賊。賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)迅速平(ping)定(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)當地的(de)(de)盜賊，劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)以(yi)(yi)左驂(can)賜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。當吏部以(yi)(yi)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)后來(lai)而好陵(ling)折等(deng)輩，調補其(qi)(qi)為鄗尉，劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)馬上制(zhi)止說：“賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)督有(you)折沖千(qian)里之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)威，方(fang)任以(yi)(yi)職，勿得擅除。”后劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)至(zhi)(zhi)信都(dou)(dou)(今(jin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)北(bei)冀縣)，以(yi)(yi)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)為偏將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。不久(jiu)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)率軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)攻(gong)(gong)克邯鄲，遷升都(dou)(dou)護將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。在一(yi)次(ci)(ci)跟隨劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)擊(ji)青犢于射犬時(shi)，雙方(fang)大(da)(da)(da)(da)戰(zhan)至(zhi)(zhi)中午，敵軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)首領(ling)陳(chen)堅堅守不退。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)傳召(zhao)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)：“吏士皆(jie)(jie)饑，可(ke)且朝(chao)(chao)飯。”賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)卻(que)回答：“先破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，然后食(shi)耳！”于是(shi)被羽先登，所向皆(jie)(jie)靡，陳(chen)堅不敵而潰敗(bai)。諸(zhu)將(jiang)(jiang)皆(jie)(jie)佩服賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勇。之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)又在北(bei)方(fang)與五校戰(zhan)于真定(ding)(ding)(今(jin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)北(bei)正(zheng)定(ding)(ding))，大(da)(da)(da)(da)破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。但賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)也受了(le)(le)重傷(shang)(shang)。當時(shi)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)得知(zhi)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)重傷(shang)(shang)后大(da)(da)(da)(da)驚：“我(wo)所以(yi)(yi)不令賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)別將(jiang)(jiang)者，為其(qi)(qi)輕敵也。果然，失吾(wu)名將(jiang)(jiang)。聞其(qi)(qi)婦有(you)孕，生(sheng)女(nv)邪，我(wo)子(zi)娶之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，生(sheng)男邪，我(wo)女(nv)嫁(jia)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，不令其(qi)(qi)憂(you)(you)妻(qi)子(zi)也。”誰(shui)知(zhi)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)很快就傷(shang)(shang)愈，一(yi)好就立(li)即追到(dao)薊縣去見(jian)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)。劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)見(jian)到(dao)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)沒事了(le)(le)，“甚歡(huan)，大(da)(da)(da)(da)饗士卒(zu)，令復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)居前，擊(ji)鄴(ye)賊，破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)秀(xiu)即位為漢(han)(han)(han)(han)光(guang)武帝(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，拜賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)為執金(jin)吾(wu)，封冠軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)侯。之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)先領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)度河(he)(he)(he)(he)攻(gong)(gong)朱鮪(wei)于洛陽(yang)，再(zai)與白(bai)虎公陳(chen)僑鏖戰(zhan)，連破(po)降之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。東(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)建武二年(nian)(公元26年(nian))，益(yi)封賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)穰(今(jin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)鄧州(zhou))、朝(chao)(chao)陽(yang)二縣。當時(shi)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)更始(shi)帝(di)(di)的(de)(de)屬下郾(yan)(yan)(yan)王(wang)尹(yin)尊及諸(zhu)大(da)(da)(da)(da)將(jiang)(jiang)在南(nan)(nan)(nan)方(fang)未降者尚多，漢(han)(han)(han)(han)光(guang)武帝(di)(di)召(zhao)集諸(zhu)將(jiang)(jiang)議兵事。當時(shi)大(da)(da)(da)(da)家竇不說話言(yan)，沉吟(yin)久(jiu)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，漢(han)(han)(han)(han)光(guang)武帝(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)檄叩地曰：“郾(yan)(yan)(yan)最強，宛為次(ci)(ci)，誰(shui)當擊(ji)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)？”賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)率然回答：“臣請(qing)擊(ji)郾(yan)(yan)(yan)。”漢(han)(han)(han)(han)光(guang)武帝(di)(di)一(yi)見(jian)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，就笑了(le)(le)：“執金(jin)吾(wu)擊(ji)郾(yan)(yan)(yan)，吾(wu)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)何憂(you)(you)！卿謀略過人(ren)，今(jin)則其(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)便宜從事，勿復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)先請(qing)。”遂派遣賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)與騎都(dou)(dou)尉陰識(shi)、驍(xiao)騎將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)劉(liu)(liu)(liu)(liu)植南(nan)(nan)(nan)度五社津(今(jin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)鞏縣北(bei)部)出(chu)擊(ji)郾(yan)(yan)(yan)王(wang)尹(yin)尊，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)連連破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。一(yi)個來(lai)月，郾(yan)(yan)(yan)王(wang)尹(yin)尊歸(gui)降，盡定(ding)(ding)其(qi)(qi)地。之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)再(zai)引軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)東(dong)(dong)擊(ji)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)更始(shi)帝(di)(di)屬下的(de)(de)淮陽(yang)太守暴汜，暴汜也歸(gui)降，屬縣悉(xi)定(ding)(ding)。到(dao)了(le)(le)秋(qiu)天，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)再(zai)次(ci)(ci)領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)南(nan)(nan)(nan)擊(ji)召(zhao)陵(ling)(今(jin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)漯河(he)(he)(he)(he)召(zhao)陵(ling))、新(xin)息(xi)(今(jin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)息(xi)縣)，皆(jie)(jie)平(ping)定(ding)(ding)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。東(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)建武三年(nian)(公元27年(nian))春季，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)因功官(guan)遷左將(jiang)(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，再(zai)領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)出(chu)擊(ji)赤眉(mei)于新(xin)城(今(jin)湖(hu)北(bei)大(da)(da)(da)(da)悟(wu))、澠池(chi)(今(jin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)澠池(chi))之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)，連破(po)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。不久(jiu)與漢(han)(han)(han)(han)光(guang)武帝(di)(di)會師于宜陽(yang)(今(jin)河(he)(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)(nan)洛陽(yang)宜陽(yang))，降服了(le)(le)所有(you)的(de)(de)赤眉(mei)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)，完(wan)全穩定(ding)(ding)了(le)(le)東(dong)(dong)漢(han)(han)(han)(han)王(wang)朝(chao)(chao)。賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)生(sheng)征戰(zhan)，從未又敗(bai)績(ji)，他數次(ci)(ci)解(jie)除了(le)(le)諸(zhu)將(jiang)(jiang)的(de)(de)潰圍解(jie)急，曾身受十(shi)二次(ci)(ci)重傷(shang)(shang)。漢(han)(han)(han)(han)光(guang)武帝(di)(di)以(yi)(yi)賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)善用(yong)兵、敢(gan)深入，凡沒把握的(de)(de)遠征之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)戰(zhan)，皆(jie)(jie)帶著賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)而壯(zhuang)其(qi)(qi)勇節，常自(zi)(zi)從之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，故而賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)一(yi)直沒有(you)什么單方(fang)面的(de)(de)特殊之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)勛。后來(lai)諸(zhu)將(jiang)(jiang)每論功自(zi)(zi)伐，賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)復(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)未嘗有(you)言(yan)。漢(han)(han)(han)(han)光(guang)武帝(di)(di)卻(que)說：“賈(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)君之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)功，我(wo)自(zi)(zi)知(zhi)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。”

東漢(han)(han)建武(wu)十三年(公(gong)(gong)元37年)，定封膠(jiao)東侯(hou)(hou)(hou)，食郁(yu)秩(zhi)、壯武(wu)、下密(mi)、即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)、梃、觀陽，凡(fan)六(liu)縣(xian)。賈復(fu)(fu)(fu)深知漢(han)(han)光武(wu)帝(di)一(yi)直欲(yu)偃干(gan)戈，修文德，不欲(yu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)臣擁眾京師，乃與高(gao)密(mi)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)鄧禹并剽(piao)甲兵(bing)，敦儒學。漢(han)(han)光武(wu)帝(di)深然之，遂(sui)罷左右將軍。賈復(fu)(fu)(fu)以(yi)列侯(hou)(hou)(hou)就第，加位(wei)特進。賈復(fu)(fu)(fu)為人(ren)剛毅方直，多(duo)大(da)(da)節。既(ji)還私(si)第，闔門養威重。漢(han)(han)光武(wu)帝(di)最信任的(de)同窗朱祐大(da)(da)力推薦賈復(fu)(fu)(fu)宜(yi)為宰(zai)相，漢(han)(han)光武(wu)帝(di)方以(yi)吏事責三公(gong)(gong)，故功(gong)(gong)(gong)臣并不用。是時，列侯(hou)(hou)(hou)中惟(wei)高(gao)密(mi)、固始、膠(jiao)東三侯(hou)(hou)(hou)與公(gong)(gong)卿參議(yi)(yi)國家大(da)(da)事，恩遇甚(shen)厚。東漢(han)(han)建武(wu)三十一(yi)年(公(gong)(gong)元55年)，賈復(fu)(fu)(fu)逝世，賜(si)謚(shi)“剛侯(hou)(hou)(hou)”。到了(le)東漢(han)(han)漢(han)(han)章帝(di)劉(liu)炟即(ji)(ji)位(wei)(公(gong)(gong)元76～87年在位(wei))，封賈復(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)兒子賈邯(han)為膠(jiao)東侯(hou)(hou)(hou)，封賈邯(han)的(de)弟(di)弟(di)賈宗(zong)為即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)，各領(ling)一(yi)縣(xian)。即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)侯(hou)(hou)(hou)賈宗(zong)，字武(wu)孺，少(shao)有操(cao)行，多(duo)智略。初(chu)拜郎中，稍(shao)遷，東漢(han)(han)建初(chu)五年(公(gong)(gong)元80年)為朔方太守。舊內郡(jun)徙人(ren)在邊者(zhe)，率多(duo)貧弱，為居(ju)人(ren)所仆役，不得(de)為吏。賈宗(zong)擢用其(qi)任職者(zhe)，與邊吏參選，轉(zhuan)相監(jian)司(si)，以(yi)揭(jie)發其(qi)奸，或以(yi)功(gong)(gong)(gong)次補長吏，故各愿(yuan)盡死。匈奴當(dang)時十分懼怕賈宗(zong)，不敢入塞。后征為長水校尉。賈宗(zong)還精通儒術，每宴見，常使與少(shao)府(fu)丁鴻等論議(yi)(yi)于前。

東漢章和二年(公元(yuan)88年)，賈(jia)宗(zong)逝(shi)世，東漢朝廷上(shang)下都為他的(de)去世而十分愍(min)惜。賈(jia)宗(zong)的(de)兒子叫賈(jia)參。在賈(jia)參的(de)庶支(zhi)子孫中，有以先(xian)祖爵號“即墨(mo)侯”為姓氏(shi)者，稱即墨(mo)氏(shi)，后有一(yi)部分人省(sheng)文簡改(gai)為單姓墨(mo)氏(shi)，一(yi)部分復為賈(jia)氏(shi)，皆(jie)世代(dai)相傳至今。

得姓始祖

田單、賈復。

遷徙分布

即(ji)(ji)墨氏(shi)(shi)(shi)復(fu)姓(xing)(xing)是非常(chang)古老的姓(xing)(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)之一，但今已經多省(sheng)文簡改為(wei)單姓(xing)(xing)即(ji)(ji)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、墨氏(shi)(shi)(shi)，即(ji)(ji)墨氏(shi)(shi)(shi)復(fu)姓(xing)(xing)反而難見了。

郡望堂號

郡望

膠東(dong)郡：西(xi)漢時期設置膠東(dong)郡，之后有(you)時是國(guo)，治所(suo)在(zai)即(ji)墨(今山(shan)東(dong)平度)。

即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)縣(xian)(xian)：春秋、戰國(guo)時(shi)期即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)屬齊國(guo)。秦朝時(shi)期設(she)(she)即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)縣(xian)(xian)，屬齊郡(jun)。西漢(han)時(shi)期，即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)縣(xian)(xian)城(cheng)同(tong)時(shi)為膠東王國(guo)都城(cheng)。東漢(han)及兩(liang)晉時(shi)期屬青州。隋、唐、明(ming)、清時(shi)期均屬萊州。民國(guo)三(san)(san)十二年(nian)(nian)(癸未，公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)1943年(nian)(nian))分設(she)(she)即(ji)(ji)東、即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)兩(liang)縣(xian)(xian)，民國(guo)三(san)(san)十三(san)(san)年(nian)(nian)(甲申(shen)，公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)1944年(nian)(nian))4月(yue)即(ji)(ji)東縣(xian)(xian)并入(ru)即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)縣(xian)(xian)，民國(guo)三(san)(san)十四年(nian)(nian)(乙酉，公(gong)(gong)元(yuan)1945年(nian)(nian))7月(yue)，恢復即(ji)(ji)東縣(xian)(xian)。中華(hua)人民共和國(guo)建國(guo)初期，屬膠州專(zhuan)區(qu)。1956年(nian)(nian)3月(yue)即(ji)(ji)東縣(xian)(xian)并入(ru)即(ji)(ji)墨(mo)縣(xian)(xian)，改(gai)屬萊陽專(zhuan)區(qu)。1958年(nian)(nian)10月(yue)改(gai)屬青島市(shi)。1961年(nian)(nian)3月(yue)，改(gai)屬煙臺專(zhuan)區(qu)。1978年(nian)(nian)12月(yue)改(gai)屬青島市(shi)。1989年(nian)(nian)9月(yue)撤(che)縣(xian)(xian)設(she)(she)市(shi)。

堂號

膠東堂：以望立堂。

即墨堂：以望立堂。

歷史名人

即墨威：(生卒年待考)，山東即墨人(ren)。著名漢朝(chao)咸陽令。