宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(yǔ wén)為(wei)(wei)復姓,炎帝神農氏后(hou)裔。主要來源中國遼東,為(wei)(wei)南單于(yu)之后(hou)。魏晉時,北方鮮卑族宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏部(bu)落,自稱宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)姓。東晉時,宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏進駐中原,稱宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)國,以宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)為(wei)(wei)姓,稱宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏。
宇文姓早期(qi)活動在(zai)西北(bei)(bei)地區(qu),南(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝時期(qi)逐步(bu)南(nan)下內遷。唐代(dai)時,他們(men)入地為籍,遍及(ji)中原各地。宋后宇文氏(shi)已不常見。如(ru)今在(zai)河北(bei)(bei)、陜西、山(shan)西、北(bei)(bei)京、浙江、四川、臺(tai)灣等地有少量分布。宇文姓人口排名(ming)第551位,人口約2.1萬人。
來自匈奴族,出(chu)自魏(wei)、晉時(shi)期遼東匈奴南(nan)單于之(zhi)后,屬于漢化改姓(xing)為氏。
魏、晉兩朝時(shi)期(qi),北方鮮卑(bei)民族中(zhong)有(you)一宇(yu)文(wen)氏部(bu)(bu)落,原來(lai)是(shi)漢朝時(shi)期(qi)南匈奴的一個(ge)分(fen)支,在東(dong)漢晚期(qi)至(zhi)三國初期(qi)形成一個(ge)部(bu)(bu)落群(qun)體,族人(ren)自(zi)稱是(shi)炎(yan)帝神(shen)農氏的后裔。歷(li)史(shi)上記載(zai)宇(yu)文(wen)部(bu)(bu)最(zui)早起(qi)源(yuan)的是(shi)史(shi)籍(ji)《周書(shu)》,其(qi)中(zhong)稱宇(yu)文(wen)部(bu)(bu)源(yuan)自(zi)神(shen)農氏,因此應當來(lai)源(yuan)姜姓。
中國的(de)(de)史學界一(yi)般認為(wei)(wei)(wei),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)1世(shi)紀時北(bei)(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)被東漢擊(ji)走西遷(qian)后,留在故地(di)漠北(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)眾東遷(qian)與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)族(zu)人混居以后被同化(hua)的(de)(de)族(zu)群,在這段期間該部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾(ceng)參加(jia)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)首領檀石槐的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)聯盟,首領成為(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)東部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人。因此,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)源自匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)而后揉合了鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)血統(tong)的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)。據(ju)史籍(ji)《后漢書》記載(zai),東漢和帝年間,當時的(de)(de)大(da)(da)將軍(jun)竇憲派(pai)右校(xiao)尉耿(geng)夔(kui)擊(ji)破北(bei)(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu),“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)因此轉徙據(ju)其(qi)(qi)地(di)。匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)余種(zhong)留者尚有十(shi)余萬落(luo),皆(jie)自號鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)。”在史籍(ji)《魏書》中也(ye)認為(wei)(wei)(wei)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)“匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)種(zhong),出(chu)(chu)于遼東塞(sai)外,其(qi)(qi)先南(nan)(nan)(nan)單于遠屬(shu)也(ye),世(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)東部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人。其(qi)(qi)語與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)頗異。”按史書的(de)(de)記載(zai):宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)氏部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)首領的(de)(de)祖(zu)(zu)先叫葛烏菟,其(qi)(qi)先出(chu)(chu)自炎帝神農氏,為(wei)(wei)(wei)黃(huang)帝所滅,子(zi)孫遁居朔野(ye)為(wei)(wei)(wei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)苗裔(yi),實際上(shang)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)南(nan)(nan)(nan)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)某個單于的(de)(de)庶支后裔(yi)。葛烏菟是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)一(yi)世(shi)紀人,原居陰(yin)山,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)始(shi)祖(zu)(zu),東漢后期起其(qi)(qi)后裔(yi)子(zi)孫世(shi)襲為(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)東部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人。在史籍(ji)《周書·文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)帝紀》中記載(zai):“葛烏菟雄武多(duo)算(suan)略,鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)慕(mu)之(zhi),奉以為(wei)(wei)(wei)主,遂(sui)為(wei)(wei)(wei)十(shi)二部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo),世(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)人。”葛烏菟之(zhi)后曰(yue)普回,普回有子(zi)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那,約在公(gong)(gong)(gong)元(yuan)一(yi)世(shi)紀北(bei)(bei)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)西遷(qian)時,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那則自陰(yin)山率領下(xia)屬(shu)十(shi)二部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)南(nan)(nan)(nan)下(xia)遷(qian)至遼西地(di)區,之(zhi)后宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那從附屬(shu)匈(xiong)(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)的(de)(de)關系(xi)中脫離獨立,號稱“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)俟汾氏”。“俟汾”是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)族(zu)語“天王”之(zhi)意(yi)。俟汾部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)日漸強盛后,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那的(de)(de)慕(mu)僚建議改“天王”為(wei)(wei)(wei)姓,但為(wei)(wei)(wei)忌諱晉室,換“天王”為(wei)(wei)(wei)“宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”,當時的(de)(de)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)十(shi)二部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)中已(yi)經蘊涵了后來(lai)的(de)(de)庫莫(mo)奚部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)和契(qi)丹部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那則被后來(lai)南(nan)(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝時期的(de)(de)北(bei)(bei)周政權尊為(wei)(wei)(wei)獻(xian)侯,并奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)北(bei)(bei)周皇室的(de)(de)始(shi)祖(zu)(zu)。
按史籍《周書》的(de)(de)記載:葛烏菟的(de)(de)后代(dai)普(pu)回襲任(ren)大(da)人之(zhi)職后,他在(zai)(zai)(zai)打(da)獵(lie)時(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)河邊拾到(dao)一顆(ke)玉璽(xi),上刻“皇帝璽(xi)”三字,大(da)喜之(zhi)下(xia)自(zi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)是天授神(shen)權(quan),當地(di)人呼天為(wei)(wei)“宇(yu)”,呼君為(wei)(wei)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)”,“宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)”意(yi)即“天子”。于(yu)(yu)是,這位普(pu)回大(da)人便自(zi)己(ji)號稱宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏,而自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落就(jiu)叫作(zuo)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)。當然,后世史學家認(ren)為(wei)(wei)這純粹是牽強附會(hui)之(zhi)說。到(dao)了(le)東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)時(shi)期(qi)(qi),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)進據中原,號稱宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)國(guo)。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫那之(zhi)后有數(shu)代(dai)首(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)在(zai)(zai)(zai)史書中沒有任(ren)何記載,一直到(dao)西(xi)(xi)晉(jin)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)以(yi)(yi)后才有記事。在(zai)(zai)(zai)史籍《魏書》中,記載了(le)當時(shi)的(de)(de)習俗(su)“人皆(jie)剪發(fa)而留其頂上,以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)首(shou)(shou)飾,長(chang)(chang)過數(shu)寸則截短之(zhi)。婦女(nv)披長(chang)(chang)襦及(ji)足,而無裳焉。”部(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)人有髡發(fa)習俗(su),婦女(nv)是穿(chuan)著連身的(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)襖,與(yu)漢族(zu)下(xia)身做長(chang)(chang)裙(qun)的(de)(de)打(da)扮大(da)不(bu)同。另(ling)外,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)人在(zai)(zai)(zai)秋天的(de)(de)時(shi)候(hou)會(hui)去(qu)采收一種稱作(zuo)“烏頭”的(de)(de)有毒植物制成毒藥,做為(wei)(wei)射(she)獵(lie)禽(qin)獸之(zhi)用。鮮卑(bei)族(zu)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)逐漸繁(fan)榮興盛,一直至東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)五胡十(shi)(shi)六(liu)國(guo)前期(qi)(qi)為(wei)(wei)止,特別是在(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)晉(jin)以(yi)(yi)后較為(wei)(wei)強盛之(zhi)時(shi),地(di)點約在(zai)(zai)(zai)濡源(今河北灤河上游)以(yi)(yi)東(dong)(dong)、柳(liu)城(今遼(liao)寧(ning)朝陽(yang))以(yi)(yi)西(xi)(xi)一帶(dai)的(de)(de)廣大(da)地(di)區,與(yu)同期(qi)(qi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮卑(bei)、段部(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮卑(bei)相(xiang)同,都(dou)屬于(yu)(yu)東(dong)(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮卑(bei)的(de)(de)一個支系(xi)。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)(xi)晉(jin)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)幾代(dai)首(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)與(yu)拓跋部(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮卑(bei)關(guan)系(xi)較佳,兩個部(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)間時(shi)有通婚。進入五胡十(shi)(shi)六(liu)國(guo)時(shi)期(qi)(qi)后,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)曾依附勢力強大(da)的(de)(de)后趙政權(quan)。但宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)與(yu)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮卑(bei)之(zhi)間卻(que)是一直存在(zai)(zai)(zai)著不(bu)斷的(de)(de)爭斗,且連續有數(shu)位宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)首(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫珪(gui)、宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)遜昵(ni)延、宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得龜(gui)、宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸都(dou)曾為(wei)(wei)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)所(suo)敗(bai),在(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)咸和九年(nian)或東(dong)(dong)晉(jin)咸康(kang)元年(nian)(公元344/345年(nian))的(de)(de)一次決定性戰役中,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)終于(yu)(yu)被(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)所(suo)建立(li)的(de)(de)前燕(yan)政權(quan)擊(ji)敗(bai),部(bu)(bu)(bu)眾被(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)首(shou)(shou)領(ling)(ling)分散(san)遷移,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)滅亡。
鮮卑宇文(wen)(wen)部的(de)族(zu)人以(yi)(yi)及(ji)后來北周政權的(de)皇(huang)族(zu)貴胄(zhou)和一些(xie)臣子國民,都以(yi)(yi)“宇文(wen)(wen)“為姓氏(shi),稱(cheng)宇文(wen)(wen)氏(shi),后逐漸融入漢族(zu),將宇文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)復姓也帶入漢族(zu)之中(zhong),后有省文(wen)(wen)簡改為單(dan)姓宇氏(shi)、文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)者,也有改單(dan)姓為尚氏(shi)、趙氏(shi)、胡氏(shi)、李(li)氏(shi)者,皆世(shi)代相(xiang)傳至(zhi)今。
來自(zi)(zi)嬴姓,出自(zi)(zi)南(nan)北朝時期北周政權(quan)大臣(chen)趙(zhao)文表、趙(zhao)昶(chang)之(zhi)后,屬于(yu)帝王賜改姓為氏。
南北朝時期,有北周大都督(du)趙文(wen)(wen)表、北周長道郡公(gong)趙昶,這(zhe)二人都是北周武帝宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)邕(561年―578年在位)的親信大將。趙文(wen)(wen)表追(zhui)隨許國公(gong)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)貴鎮(zhen)守(shou)蜀地,行(xing)(xing)昌城郡事,官至加中(zhong)軍將軍,左金紫(zi)光(guang)祿大夫。趙昶居將帥之(zhi)任,傾心下士。虜獲氐、羌(qiang),撫(fu)而(er)使之(zhi),皆(jie)為趙昶盡力。后錄前后功(gong),進爵(jue)長道郡公(gong),征拜賓(bin)部中(zhong)大夫,行(xing)(xing)吏(li)部事。這(zhe)二人皆(jie)被北周武帝賜姓為宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏。
在趙(zhao)文(wen)表、趙(zhao)昶(chang)的后(hou)裔子孫中(zhong),有以先祖受賜(si)姓氏(shi)承襲者(zhe),都稱宇(yu)文(wen)氏(shi),世代相(xiang)傳至今。
宇文氏(shi)復(fu)姓(xing)(xing)氏(shi)典型的北(bei)方少數民族漢化(hua)姓(xing)(xing)氏(shi),在(zai)中國的大陸與(yu)臺(tai)灣(wan)(wan)省都未(wei)進入前(qian)三(san)百(bai)(bai)大姓(xing)(xing),在(zai)宋版《百(bai)(bai)家姓(xing)(xing)》中排(pai)序(xu)為第(di)四百(bai)(bai)三(san)十四位(wei)門閥。宇文姓(xing)(xing)早期活動在(zai)西(xi)北(bei)地(di)(di)區(qu),南(nan)北(bei)朝時期逐步南(nan)下內(nei)遷(qian),除在(zai)遼(liao)寧、內(nei)蒙古(gu)、山西(xi)、陜(shan)西(xi)等(deng)地(di)(di)分布(bu)(bu)外(wai),在(zai)河(he)南(nan)洛陽等(deng)地(di)(di)形成宇文氏(shi)皇族聚集地(di)(di)。唐代時,他們入地(di)(di)為籍,遍及中原各地(di)(di)。宋后宇文氏(shi)已不常見。如今(jin)在(zai)北(bei)京(jing)、河(he)南(nan)、陜(shan)西(xi)、浙江(jiang)、四川、臺(tai)灣(wan)(wan)等(deng)地(di)(di)有少量分布(bu)(bu)。現今(jin)宇文姓(xing)(xing)人(ren)口沒有進入全國前(qian)三(san)百(bai)(bai)位(wei)。
今陜西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)咸陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)及興平市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、乾縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、長武縣(xian)(xian)(xian),河北省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)行唐縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、張家口市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、石家莊市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),遼寧(ning)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)大連(lian)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)煙臺(tai)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),四川省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)南(nan)部(bu)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),河南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)欒川縣(xian)(xian)(xian)、洛陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、安陽市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),江蘇省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)南(nan)京市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),安徽省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)無為(wei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian),浙江省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)杭州市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),山(shan)西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)榆次市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、太原市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)尖草(cao)坪區(qu)、長治市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),廣(guang)東省(sheng)(sheng),湖北省(sheng)(sheng),江西(xi)省(sheng)(sheng),湖南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng),臺(tai)灣省(sheng)(sheng),北京市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),天津市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),重(zhong)慶市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),上海市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),香港特別行政(zheng)區(qu)等(deng)地,均(jun)有宇文(wen)氏族人分布。
趙(zhao)郡:東漢建安年(nian)間(196年(nian)―219年(nian))設(she)趙(zhao)郡,治所(suo)廣阿(今邢(xing)臺市隆堯(yao)縣(xian)(xian)),轄地包括今石(shi)家莊(zhuang)趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)、高邑縣(xian)(xian)、贊(zan)皇(huang)縣(xian)(xian)和邢(xing)臺市寧晉縣(xian)(xian)、柏鄉(xiang)縣(xian)(xian)、臨城縣(xian)(xian)、隆堯(yao)縣(xian)(xian)東部。隋朝時期移治到趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(今河(he)北(bei)趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian))。
太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府(fu):也(ye)稱太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)郡(jun)。戰(zhan)國(guo)(guo)時(shi)期(qi)秦莊襄(xiang)王(wang)四年(nian)(nian)(nian)(前246年(nian)(nian)(nian))置郡(jun),治所(suo)在(zai)(zai)晉陽(今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)),當時(shi)轄(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)在(zai)(zai)今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)省五(wu)臺(tai)山(shan)和管(guan)涔山(shan)南部一(yi)帶(dai)、霍山(shan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)部一(yi)帶(dai)地(di)(di)區(qu)。北(bei)(bei)(bei)魏時(shi)期(qi)轄(xia)(xia)地(di)(di)在(zai)(zai)今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)省陽曲縣(xian)、交城市、平遙市、和順縣(xian)間(jian)的晉中(zhong)一(yi)帶(dai)地(di)(di)區(qu)。隋朝時(shi)期(qi)改晉陽為(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan),又另設晉陽,與太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)同城。唐太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府(fu)洽(qia)也(ye)在(zai)(zai)此(ci)地(di)(di)。宋太(tai)平興國(guo)(guo)中(zhong)期(qi)(980年(nian)(nian)(nian))改并州(zhou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府(fu),移(yi)治陽曲(今山(shan)西(xi)(xi)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan))。以(yi)后(hou)宋朝、金國(guo)(guo)的河東(dong)路、河東(dong)北(bei)(bei)(bei)路,明(ming)、清兩朝以(yi)來皆為(wei)(wei)(wei)府(fu)。民國(guo)(guo)時(shi)期(qi)改為(wei)(wei)(wei)市,成為(wei)(wei)(wei)山(shan)西(xi)(xi)省會(hui)所(suo)在(zai)(zai),一(yi)直沿用至今。
趙郡堂:以望立堂。
太原堂:以望立堂。
四言通用聯
巧(qiao)思(si)博學;善戰多謀。
——上聯典指(zhi)隋(sui)(sui)朝時期的朔方人宇文愷,字(zi)安樂(le),喜讀書(shu)(shu),多(duo)技(ji)藝,有巧思。隋(sui)(sui)文帝(di)時任(ren)營新都(dou)(dou)副監,興建(jian)大興城,又開鑿(zao)廣(guang)通渠,決渭水達黃(huang)河(he),以便利漕運;隋(sui)(sui)煬帝(di)時歷(li)官營東(dong)都(dou)(dou)副監、將作大匠、工部尚書(shu)(shu),所規劃的東(dong)都(dou)(dou)建(jian)筑極為奢華。著(zhu)有《東(dong)都(dou)(dou)圖記(ji)》、《明(ming)堂圖議》等。下聯典指(zhi)宇文愷之兄(xiong)宇文忻,字(zi)仲(zhong)樂(le),善戰多(duo)謀,曾擊敗北周大將尉遲迥,封英國公。楊堅(jian)建(jian)隋(sui)(sui)朝后(hou)一直(zhi)非(fei)常(chang)器重他(ta)。
折草(cao)累(lei)石;正色立朝。
——上聯(lian)典指南北朝時期北周的宇文(wen)深(shen),幼(you)時折(zhe)草為(wei)(wei)旗,累石為(wei)(wei)營,作軍陣之勢以(yi)嬉,日后(hou)果為(wei)(wei)名將。下聯(lian)典指隋朝時期的宇文(wen)弼,隋開(kai)皇初年為(wei)(wei)尚書左(zuo)丞,當官(guan)正(zheng)色(se),為(wei)(wei)百僚所憚。
五言通用聯
望(wang)出太(tai)原郡(jun);源自宇文國(guo)。
——全聯典指宇文氏(shi)的郡望和得姓(xing)源流。
六言通用聯
宇宙寥闊萬里;文明昌盛(sheng)千秋。
——此聯為以鶴頂(ding)格鑲嵌(qian)宇文復姓之“宇文”二字(zi)的嵌(qian)字(zi)聯。
七言通用聯
觀兒戲料為良將;立(li)戰功得沐侯封。
——上(shang)聯(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)南北(bei)朝(chao)時(shi)期北(bei)周的(de)武川人(ren)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)深(shen),字奴千,幼時(shi)曾用草、石擺軍陣,父親(qin)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)永遇見了(le)大喜,料定他日后必為良將(jiang)。后隨北(bei)周孝武帝西遷,以都督(du)領宿衛兵。北(bei)周大統(tong)年間官東雍州刺史,封長(chang)樂侯(hou),后官至司會中大夫。下(xia)聯(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)南北(bei)朝(chao)時(shi)期北(bei)周的(de)武川人(ren)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)虬,字樂仁(ren),少年時(shi)從(cong)軍,因戰功封南安侯(hou),官至驃(piao)騎大將(jiang)軍、開府儀同三(san)司。在戰場(chang)上(shang),他總是身先士卒,所以能上(shang)下(xia)同心,戰無不(bu)勝。
六人稱王傳名遠;五州總管播惠長。
——上聯(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)宇文(wen)復姓在歷史上稱帝者共有(you)六人,創(chuang)立(li)北周(zhou)王朝。下聯(lian)典(dian)指(zhi)南北朝時期北周(zhou)孝閔帝之子宇文(wen)康,字(zi)乾定(ding),封紀王,總督利、始等五州(zhou)大(da)小劍二(er)防諸(zhu)軍事。
南(nan)冠終日(ri)囚軍府(fu);北雁何時到上林。
——此(ci)聯(lian)為金(jin)國的大臣宇文(wen)虛(xu)中(zhong)《在金(jin)日作三首(shou)》詩句聯(lian)。“囚軍府”,指(zhi)宇文(wen)虛(xu)中(zhong)奉使金(jin)國,被留不放還(huan)。“上(shang)林”,代指(zhi)南宋王(wang)朝(chao)。
八言以上通用聯
幼歲攻書,不從筆(bi)硯為迂(yu)腐;少(shao)年(nian)受學,惟憑劍(jian)馬取公侯(hou)。
——上聯典指隋朝時(shi)期的大(da)將軍宇文(wen)慶(qing)事典。下聯典指南北朝時(shi)期北周的夏州(zhou)名人宇文(wen)貴,字永貴,少受學,輟書(shu)嘆曰(yue):“男兒當提劍汗馬以取公(gong)侯,何(he)能為博士?”后(hou)仕魏(wei)為大(da)將軍,屢(lv)著戰(zhan)功(gong),封許(xu)國公(gong)。
家譜文獻
宇(yu)文氏族譜,(明(ming)(ming))危素序,明(ming)(ming)朝年間(jian)木刻(ke)活(huo)字印(yin)本。現被收(shou)藏(zang)在中國國家圖書館(guan)、日本東京國立博(bo)物館(guan)。
北朝北魏將(jiang)領。武川(今(jin)屬內蒙(meng))人。鮮(xian)卑(bei)族,宇文泰父(fu)。魏明帝時,破(po)六(liu)韓(han)拔陵起義,宇文肱聚兵攻殺破(po)六(liu)韓(han)拔陵部將(jiang)衛可孤(gu)。遷居中山。后率眾加入鮮(xian)于(yu)修(xiu)禮(li)軍,被魏軍擊(ji)敗,戰死。北周追尊為德(de)皇帝。
(489-546),北朝西魏將領。字澄(cheng)鏡,宇文(wen)(wen)泰(tai)族子。宇文(wen)(wen)測(ce)性沉(chen)密(mi),少篤(du)學(xue)。起家奉朝請、殿中(zhong)侍御史、安東(dong)將軍。尚宣武帝女陽(yang)平公主,拜(bai)駙(fu)馬(ma)都(dou)尉。從孝武帝西入關,進爵為公。西魏文(wen)(wen)帝大統四年(nian)(538),拜(bai)侍中(zhong)。六年(nian),坐事(shi)(shi)免。不久,除驃騎大將軍、大都(dou)督(du)、行汾(fen)州(zhou)事(shi)(shi)。八(ba)年(nian),加(jia)金(jin)紫光祿大夫,轉行綏州(zhou)事(shi)(shi)。十年(nian),征拜(bai)太子少保(bao)。十二年(nian)十月,在任去(qu)世。
(498-554),北朝西魏將(jiang)領。好讀書,馳馬能左右射(she)。少襲爵,與(yu)魏孝武帝有布(bu)衣交,帝用(yong)為閣內(nei)(nei)大都督(du)。共議西附宇文泰,又護帝至關中。宇文泰用(yong)為帳內(nei)(nei)大都督(du)。后(hou)進位(wei)儀同三司、散(san)騎常侍。魏恭帝元年去世。
(505-556),北朝北魏、西魏將領。字(zi)黑獺,代郡武(wu)川(今內蒙古武(wu)川西)人,鮮卑族(zu)。
(511-554),北朝西(xi)魏將(jiang)領。字(zi)菩薩,顥子。隨宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)入關中,西(xi)魏文(wen)(wen)帝初(chu)為領軍(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun),率領禁軍(jun)。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)與(yu)高歡作(zuo)戰。常留(liu)守(shou)后方。大統四年(538),為華(hua)州刺史。泰(tai)(tai)(tai)軍(jun)在(zai)洛(luo)陽失敗,趙青雀、于(yu)伏德等乘時據長(chang)安、咸陽。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)導(dao)由(you)華(hua)州率軍(jun)攻(gong)破咸陽,又(you)與(yu)泰(tai)(tai)(tai)合師收(shou)回長(chang)安。后出守(shou)隴右(you),去(qu)世(shi)在(zai)上邽,謚孝。
(?-568),北朝北周臣。字(zi)奴干(gan),測(ce)弟。起家秘(mi)書郎。好讀兵書,有(you)謀(mou)略。宇文泰用為相府主簿。為泰籌(chou)劃擒(qin)竇泰、取弘(hong)農及沙(sha)苑作戰方略。封長樂(le)縣侯(hou)。周武帝保定(ding)初,為京兆(zhao)尹(yin),轉司會中大(da)夫。為政(zheng)嚴明,抑制豪右,受人(ren)贊譽。
(約515-572),北朝北周權臣。武川(今內(nei)蒙古武川西)人。宇(yu)文泰之侄。
(531-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)將(jiang)領。代(dai)郡武(wu)川(chuan)(今屬內(nei)蒙古)人(ren)。鮮卑族。周(zhou)(zhou)文(wen)(wen)帝(di)(di)(di)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)泰族子。父顯(xian)和,仕魏(wei),為孝(xiao)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)進(jin)入關之(zhi)(zhi)計。后隨從(cong)入關。宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)神舉以周(zhou)(zhou)明(ming)帝(di)(di)(di)初,起家中(zhong)侍(shi)上士。明(ming)帝(di)(di)(di)留意文(wen)(wen)學(xue)而神舉雅好篇什,常得侍(shi)從(cong)。周(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)保定間,歷任車騎大將(jiang)軍、儀(yi)同三(san)司諸職。建德元(yuan)年為京兆尹(yin),三(san)年,出(chu)為熊(xiong)州刺史(shi)。從(cong)周(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)伐(fa)齊,齊平,為并州刺史(shi)。宣(xuan)政元(yuan)年(578),周(zhou)(zhou)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)卒,幽(you)州人(ren)盧(lu)昌期、祖英伯(bo)(bo)等舉兵(bing)反(fan)周(zhou)(zhou),盧(lu)思道亦預其(qi)事。神舉率兵(bing)平亂,見思道,令作露(lu)布(bu),乃釋(shi)其(qi)罪。又從(cong)越王(wang)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)盛平稽胡,敗突厥。師還,以武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)時嘗與王(wang)軌、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)孝(xiao)伯(bo)(bo)言宣(xuan)帝(di)(di)(di)之(zhi)(zhi)短于(yu)武(wu)帝(di)(di)(di),兼以功(gong)高,宣(xuan)帝(di)(di)(di)使(shi)人(ren)鴆(zhen)之(zhi)(zhi),卒于(yu)馬邑。史(shi)稱宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)神舉“博(bo)涉經史(shi),性愛篇章”。
(534-560),北朝北周皇(huang)帝(di)。小字(zi)統萬突。鮮(xian)卑族。宇(yu)文(wen)泰庶長子。西魏大統十四(si)年(nian)(548),封寧都郡公(gong)。北周建國后任(ren)柱國,岐州刺史(shi)。557年(nian)被宇(yu)文(wen)護(hu)(hu)立為天(tian)王,宇(yu)文(wen)護(hu)(hu)輔政(zheng)(zheng)專權(quan)。559年(nian)宇(yu)文(wen)護(hu)(hu)歸政(zheng)(zheng),始親政(zheng)(zheng),稱皇(huang)帝(di),改元武(wu)成(cheng)。仍受(shou)制(zhi)于宇(yu)文(wen)護(hu)(hu)。武(wu)成(cheng)二年(nian)(560)四(si)月(yue),被宇(yu)文(wen)護(hu)(hu)毒死。葬昭陵。謚明皇(huang)帝(di),廟號(hao)世宗。年(nian)號(hao)武(wu)成(cheng)。
(542-557),北朝(chao)北周創建者。字陁羅(luo)尼。鮮(xian)卑族。代郡武川(chuan)(今屬(shu)內(nei)蒙古)人,西魏權臣宇文泰第三子。
北朝(chao)北周將(jiang)領。字樂仁,武川(chuan)(今屬內蒙古)人。驍悍(han)有(you)膽略(lve)。少從(cong)征(zheng)討,累有(you)戰(zhan)功,封南安侯。后為獨孤信帳(zhang)內都督,隨信奔梁。復回歸,進爵(jue)為公。從(cong)復弘農(nong),破沙苑(yuan),戰(zhan)河(he)橋,皆有(you)功,累遷南秦(qin)州(zhou)刺史(shi)、驃騎(qi)大將(jiang)軍(jun)、開府儀(yi)同三司(si)。宇文虬每經戰(zhan)陣,必身(shen)先(xian)士卒(zu),故上下同心(xin),戰(zhan)無不克。后拜金(jin)州(zhou)刺史(shi)、大將(jiang)軍(jun)卒(zu)。
(543-578),北朝北周皇帝。小字禰羅突(tu)。鮮卑(bei)族(zu)。武川(今(jin)內蒙古武川西(xi))人。宇文泰第四子。
(?-576),北(bei)(bei)朝北(bei)(bei)周將領。字永(yong)貴(gui),其(qi)先昌黎(今屬河(he)北(bei)(bei))人,后(hou)徙居夏州(zhou)(今陜西(xi)橫山縣西(xi))。善騎射,有將帥(shuai)才。魏(wei)正光末(mo),破(po)六韓(han)拔陵圍夏州(zhou),刺(ci)史嬰城(cheng)固(gu)守(shou),以(yi)貴(gui)為統軍。后(hou)從爾朱榮,以(yi)戰功(gong)封革融縣侯。大(da)統中,屢(lv)著戰功(gong),官至(zhi)大(da)將軍。周孝閔帝即(ji)位(wei),進位(wei)柱(zhu)國,封許國公,歷官大(da)司(si)徒、太保(bao)。天和中出使突厥(jue),回至(zhi)張掖(ye)卒。
(543-578),北朝(chao)北周臣。字(zi)胡三(san),深子。少被(bei)宇文泰(tai)撫養。與武(wu)帝同(tong)日生(sheng),同(tong)學,相知甚深。邕(yong)即(ji)(ji)位(wei),以與其共讀為(wei)由,引置左右,方得聯絡(luo)內外,誅殺(sha)宇文護。為(wei)左宮正,輔太(tai)子赟(yun),數言(yan)赟(yun)過。帝出京(jing),常令其留(liu)守(shou)。帝將卒(zu),執(zhi)手托以后(hou)事,即(ji)(ji)令為(wei)司(si)衛上大(da)夫。入京(jing)鎮守(shou)。宣帝初,為(wei)小冢宰,數言(yan)朝(chao)政得失,拒助(zhu)帝殺(sha)齊王憲,賜(si)死(si)。后(hou)楊堅言(yan):若孝(xiao)伯在,己即(ji)(ji)無機遇(yu)。
(544-578),北朝北周宗室。字毗賀(he)突(tu),宇文泰(tai)第五子,周武帝(di)宇文邕弟。性通敏,有(you)度量。
北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字豆(dou)羅突,邕(yong)同母弟(di)。周初封衛國公,附宇文護(hu)。武帝天和中與陳軍作戰(zhan)兵(bing)敗,免職。遂怨護(hu),助(zhu)邕(yong)殺護(hu)。求為(wei)大司馬,帝未許。建德三年(nian)(574)進爵為(wei)王(wang)。同年(nian),帝赴(fu)云陽宮,直在(zai)長(chang)安(an)舉(ju)兵(bing)攻(gong)宮城。事敗,逃(tao)至荊州被擒,免為(wei)庶人,囚(qiu)在(zai)別宮。不久被殺。
(?-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)宗室。字侯幼突,宇文泰子。明帝(di)武成初(chu),封譙國公。武帝(di)天和中,拜(bai)大將軍,遷柱國,出為益州總管(guan)。建德三(san)年(574),宇文儉進爵為王。五(wu)年,東伐,攻永固城,拔之。六年,拜(bai)大冢宰。宣政(zheng)元年(578)二月卒。
(?-580),北朝(chao)北周宗室。字度斤突,宇文泰子。性果(guo)決,善騎射。明(ming)帝武成初(chu)(chu),封代(dai)國公。武帝天和元(yuan)年(nian)(566),拜大(da)將(jiang)軍。建(jian)德初(chu)(chu),進位柱(zhu)國,出為(wei)荊州(zhou)刺(ci)史(shi)。三年(nian)(574),進爵為(wei)王。出為(wei)益州(zhou)總管。宣帝即位,進位上柱(zhu)國。靜帝大(da)象元(yuan)年(nian)(579),拜大(da)右弼。二年(nian),為(wei)隋文帝楊堅所殺。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)宗室、文人(ren)。字豆(dou)盧突(tu)。代郡武川(今屬內蒙古(gu))人(ren)。鮮卑(bei)族(zu)。宇文泰子。
(?-580),北朝北周(zhou)宗室、文人。字爾固突(tu)。代郡武川(今屬內蒙(meng)古)人。鮮卑族。宇文泰之子(zi)。
北(bei)朝北(bei)周將領(ling)。河南(nan)洛(luo)陽(yang)(今屬河南(nan))人。孝文帝(di)太(tai)和初,為(wei)羽林郎將,數有戰功。魏遷都洛(luo)陽(yang),宇文福奉命規劃牧地,在黃河南(nan)北(bei)地近千里(li),放養雜畜。后(hou)攻高(gao)車敗,被(bei)貶(bian)。宣武(wu)帝(di)即(ji)位,用(yong)為(wei)南(nan)征統軍,有戰功。歷任(ren)豫、瀛(ying)州刺(ci)史(shi),太(tai)仆卿(qing),懷(huai)朔鎮(zhen)將。卒于鎮(zhen),謚(shi)貞惠。
(559-580),北(bei)朝(chao)(chao)北(bei)周皇帝。字乾伯。鮮卑族(zu)。邕長子。邕慮(lv)其不堪重任(ren),待其嚴(yan)格,朝(chao)(chao)見如群(qun)臣,有(you)過則杖責。初即位,下(xia)令嚴(yan)律(lv)法;任(ren)用(yong)北(bei)齊官員。殺齊王憲,令左右密察群(qun)臣言行(xing)。法嚴(yan)刑苛,禁臣下(xia)有(you)高大之稱。次年,以子衍為皇帝,自稱天元皇帝。大興土木,恣(zi)意(yi)聲色(se)。對國家典章制度等(deng),皆(jie)有(you)變革。大象二年令楊堅出為揚州總管。事未行(xing),病,召堅入宮。卒,謚宣帝。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字(zi)乾依,武帝(di)(di)宇(yu)文邕子,初封(feng)漢國(guo)公(gong)。建德(de)三(san)年(nian)(574),進爵為(wei)王,仍柱國(guo)。靜帝(di)(di)大(da)象二年(nian)(580),楊堅(jian)輔政,欲(yu)順物情(qing),乃(nai)進宇(yu)文贊上柱國(guo)、右大(da)丞(cheng)相。外(wai)示尊(zun)崇,實無權(quan)柄。后轉太師(shi)。不久(jiu),為(wei)堅(jian)所殺。
(?-580),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周宗室(shi)。字乾(qian)信,武帝宇文邕子(zi),初封秦(qin)國(guo)公。武帝建德三年(574),進爵為(wei)王。靜帝大(da)象(xiang)二年(580)五月,進上柱國(guo)。六月,遷(qian)大(da)冢宰。八月,進位大(da)右弼。不久,為(wei)楊堅所殺。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室。字立(li)久(jiu)突,宇文(wen)泰子(zi)。明(ming)帝(di)武成初,封越國公。武帝(di)天(tian)和中,進(jin)爵(jue)為王。四年(569),大(da)(da)軍伐齊,宇文(wen)盛為后一軍總管。并州平(ping),進(jin)位上柱國。從平(ping)鄴(ye),拜(bai)相州總管。宣政元年(578),入為大(da)(da)冢宰。靜帝(di)大(da)(da)象元年(579),遷大(da)(da)前疑,轉(zhuan)太保(bao)。同年出就國。二年,朝京(jing)師(shi)。其(qi)秋,為隋(sui)文(wen)帝(di)楊堅所殺。
(523-586),隋(sui)(sui)將(jiang)(jiang)領。京兆(zhao)(治今陜西(xi)西(xi)安)人,本(ben)籍朔方(治今內蒙古烏審旗南白城子),字仲樂。少時(shi)即精騎射,慷慨有大志,自謂可勝過韓信、白起(qi)、衛(wei)青(qing)、霍(huo)去病等(deng)名將(jiang)(jiang)。北(bei)周時(shi),從(cong)韋孝寬(kuan)守玉壁(bi),從(cong)武帝攻(gong)拔北(bei)齊(qi)晉陽,均以驍(xiao)勇敢戰立功。周末,從(cong)高(gao)颎、韋孝寬(kuan)破尉(wei)遲(chi)迥,功為諸將(jiang)(jiang)之最。進(jin)封英(ying)國公(gong)。入(ru)隋(sui)(sui),以宿(su)將(jiang)(jiang)遭忌(ji),乃與梁(liang)士彥(yan)等(deng)謀反,事(shi)泄被(bei)殺。
(573-581),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周皇(huang)(huang)帝。本名(ming)衍。鮮卑族(zu)。宣帝長子。大(da)成元年(nian)(579),封魯王(wang),不久立(li)為皇(huang)(huang)太(tai)子。同(tong)年(nian)二月(yue)受(shou)父(fu)禪(chan)即位(wei),年(nian)僅7歲。改元大(da)象。外戚楊(yang)堅執掌朝(chao)政,恢復佛、道兩教,大(da)殺周朝(chao)宗室。大(da)定元年(nian)(581)二月(yue),被(bei)迫禪(chan)位(wei)于楊(yang)堅,封介國(guo)公(gong),北(bei)周亡。同(tong)年(nian)五月(yue)被(bei)殺。葬(zang)恭陵。謚靜帝。
隋(sui)(sui)將(jiang),字(zi)神慶,祖籍(ji)武川(chuan)(今屬內蒙(meng)古),后(hou)為(wei)洛陽人,鮮(xian)卑族,宇文氏族子。周初受(shou)業東觀,頗涉(she)經史。后(hou)應募從征,以功授都督。復(fu)從武帝轉戰各地,拔高壁(bi),克并州,下信(xin)都,功居諸將(jiang)之首,故進位大(da)將(jiang)軍,封汝南郡公。入(ru)隋(sui)(sui),拜左武衛(wei)將(jiang)軍,進上柱國,出為(wei)涼(liang)州總管。后(hou)還都,卒于家。
(555-612),隋(sui)建(jian)筑家。字安樂,朔方夏州(今陜西靖邊)人。
(?-616),隋(sui)朝將領。字(zi)伯通,代郡武川(chuan)(今內(nei)蒙古武川(chuan)南)人,出身鮮卑貴族。
(?-619),隋代(dai)末年叛(pan)軍首領(ling)。代(dai)郡武川(今(jin)內蒙(meng)古武川西)人。隋大將宇文(wen)述之子。
唐將領。字仁人(ren),京兆長(chang)安人(ren)。父(fu)述,為隋(sui)右(you)衛(wei)大將軍。隋(sui)開皇末(mo)(601),封新(xin)城縣(xian)公。
宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)成都,小說(shuo)《說(shuo)唐》《忠義(yi)響(xiang)馬傳(chuan)(chuan)》《興唐傳(chuan)(chuan)》中人物(wu),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)及之子(zi)(zi)(zi)。被(bei)隋(sui)(sui)煬帝封為天保(bao)大將軍之職。兵器(qi)鳳(feng)翅鎦金镋[tǎng],被(bei)稱為隋(sui)(sui)唐第二條好(hao)漢,在四(si)平(ping)山力(li)挫三(san)(san)杰。曾在晉陽與(yu)李(li)淵之子(zi)(zi)(zi)李(li)元霸(ba)比武,輸給李(li)元霸(ba)。與(yu)瓦崗寨英使(shi)一柄(bing)鳳(feng)翅鎦金镋,重三(san)(san)百二十斤”,傳(chuan)(chuan)說(shuo)為九天應(ying)元雷神普化(hua)天尊轉世(shi)。雄(xiong)為敵,幫助(zhu)父奪(duo)取隋(sui)(sui)朝(chao)天下(xia),在揚(yang)州被(bei)李(li)元霸(ba)所殺(sha)。歷史上,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)及有二子(zi)(zi)(zi):宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)承基、宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)承趾,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)化(hua)及同時被(bei)竇建德斬(zhan)殺(sha)。
(?-約730),唐臣。京兆萬(wan)年(nian)(今陜西(xi)西(xi)安(an))人(ren)。開(kai)元初(chu)任(ren)監察御史(shi)。時土地兼并嚴重(zhong),人(ren)口流(liu)失,稅收受到影(ying)響。他建議檢括(kuo)逃亡戶(hu)口和籍外占(zhan)田。并自任(ren)勸(quan)農使,率判(pan)官二十余人(ren)出(chu)使各地,清出(chu)客戶(hu)八十余萬(wan)和大量土地。開(kai)元十七年(nian)(729),拜黃門(men)侍(shi)郎,同(tong)中書門(men)下平章事。他善(shan)于(yu)(yu)薦(jian)舉人(ren)才,在相(xiang)(xiang)期間,薦(jian)宋璟(jing)為右丞相(xiang)(xiang)、裴耀卿(qing)為戶(hu)部侍(shi)郎、許景先為工部侍(shi)郎。在相(xiang)(xiang)位僅百日即(ji)罷貶為汝州刺史(shi),又流(liu)巖(yan)州,卒于(yu)(yu)途(tu)中。
唐臣(chen)。字(zi)周重,河南(今河南洛(luo)陽)人。御史(shi)中(zhong)丞宇文(wen)邈之子。元和(he)六年(811),與江淮從事李公佐(zuo)會于(yu)漢南。長(chang)慶初,任(ren)右拾遺,與李玨等(deng)進(jin)言(yan)勸穆(mu)宗(zong)戒酒色。歷倉部員(yuan)外(wai)(wai)郎、左(zuo)司員(yuan)外(wai)(wai)郎、吏(li)部員(yuan)外(wai)(wai)郎。大和(he)三年(829),自吏(li)部郎中(zhong)為(wei)御史(shi)中(zhong)丞。又兼刑(xing)部侍郎。六年,為(wei)戶部侍郎、判度(du)支。出為(wei)華州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)。八年,坐贓事貶循州(zhou)(zhou)刺史(shi)。
(1029-1082),北宋(song)學者。字(zi)公(gong)南,漢州綿竹(今屬四川)人。進士(shi)及第,為(wei)文州曲水縣令。神(shen)宗(zong)即位,上疏言(yan)政事,不報,遂以太(tai)子中允致仕。自強于學,不易其志,退居十五年,常為(wei)經史(shi)琴(qin)酒(jiu)之樂,學者稱止(zhi)止(zhi)先(xian)生。司馬(ma)光、范鎮等盛譽(yu)之,以為(wei)“位下(xia)而言(yan)高(gao),學富而行篤”。元豐五年卒(zu)。著有《止(zhi)止(zhi)先(xian)生宇(yu)文公(gong)集》二十二卷,今已(yi)佚。
(?-1139),宋臣。字仲達,一作仲理,成都華陽(yang)(今四川雙流(liu))人(ren)。崇寧二年(1103)進士。入仕后(hou)曾(ceng)任中書(shu)舍人(ren)、翰(han)林學士承旨等職。宣和(he)六年(1124)官(guan)至(zhi)(zhi)尚書(shu)右丞。后(hou)出為地方(fang)官(guan)。南(nan)宋初知濮州(zhou)時被俘,金人(ren)嘉其忠(zhong)義放(fang)歸,乃以(yi)光祿大夫出知潼川府。紹興元年(1131)辭官(guan),以(yi)其弟宇文時中代理府事。從此閑(xian)居(ju)至(zhi)(zhi)卒(zu)。
(1079-1146),金臣。字叔通,宇文粹中之弟(di)。
南宋臣。字挺臣,顯謨閣(ge)待制(zhi)(zhi)宇文(wen)師瑗養子。成(cheng)都廣都(今四川(chuan)雙流)人。初補(bu)官(guan)(guan)仕州(zhou)縣。舉進士。累遷(qian)寶(bao)(bao)謨閣(ge)待制(zhi)(zhi)、知(zhi)(zhi)廬州(zhou)。時,韓(han)侂(tuo)胄方議舉兵(bing)北伐(fa)。紹節致書侂(tuo)胄,認為有(you)復(fu)仇之志,無復(fu)仇之略;有(you)開邊之害,無開邊之利,不量國力,冒(mao)險進取。侂(tuo)胄見書不樂。召還,以(yi)寶(bao)(bao)文(wen)閣(ge)待制(zhi)(zhi)知(zhi)(zhi)鎮江府。除湖北京西宣撫使,知(zhi)(zhi)江陵府。統制(zhi)(zhi)官(guan)(guan)高(gao)悅(yue)肆意殺(sha)(sha)掠,紹節召至,收其部(bu)曲,旋有(you)人控訴悅(yue)縱(zong)所(suo)部(bu)剽(piao)劫者,加以(yi)杖殺(sha)(sha),兵(bing)民皆(jie)歡喜。官(guan)(guan)至端明殿學士、簽書樞(shu)密院事(shi),卒。謚忠惠(hui)。
元(yuan)文(wen)學家。字子貞(zhen),成都人,后徙吳(wu)興(今(jin)浙江湖州)。元(yuan)統進士。
其(qi)他宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人有晉(jin)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鮮卑(bei)族首領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫槐、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫廆(hui)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)屈(qu)云(yun)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜尼延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得歸、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸(yi)豆(dou)歸;南北(bei)朝(chao)東(dong)魏(wei)史學(xue)家(jia)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)忠之,西魏(wei)將領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洛生、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)顥,北(bei)周大(da)(da)臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)純(chun)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寔、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)興(xing)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)貞、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)賢、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)善(shan),將領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)亮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)安慶、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)椿;隋大(da)(da)臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)弼、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)靜禮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)皛、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)智及(ji),將領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)協;唐(tang)大(da)(da)臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)穎、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)節;宋大(da)(da)臣宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌齡、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)常,學(xue)者宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)紹奕、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)懋(mao)昭等(deng)。近當代(dai)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人有經濟學(xue)家(jia)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)舉,畫家(jia)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洲,歌(ge)唱演員宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)永清等(deng)
1940年(nian)(nian)生于吉林(lin)龍井,1958年(nian)(nian)考入東北師(shi)范大學(xue)美術(shu)系(xi)學(xue)習。1965年(nian)(nian)畢(bi)業(ye)分配到(dao)北京(jing)畫(hua)院工作。作品(pin)以青(qing)綠(lv)山水創(chuang)作為主。其(qi)創(chuang)作力求把(ba)水墨山水和重彩青(qing)綠(lv)山水融為一體作品(pin)構圖飽(bao)滿。氣勢雄偉(wei)。現為北京(jing)畫(hua)院專業(ye)畫(hua)家。國(guo)家一級美術(shu)師(shi)。北京(jing)中(zhong)國(guo)畫(hua)研究(jiu)會會長(chang)。中(zhong)國(guo)美術(shu)家協會會員。