宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(yǔ wén)為復姓,炎(yan)帝神農氏(shi)后(hou)(hou)裔。主要來源(yuan)中(zhong)國遼東,為南單(dan)于之后(hou)(hou)。魏晉時,北方鮮卑族宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文氏(shi)部落,自稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文姓。東晉時,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文氏(shi)進駐中(zhong)原,稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文國,以(yi)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文為姓,稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文氏(shi)。
宇(yu)文(wen)姓早(zao)期(qi)活動在西(xi)(xi)北地(di)(di)區(qu),南北朝時期(qi)逐(zhu)步南下(xia)內遷。唐代時,他(ta)們(men)入地(di)(di)為籍,遍及(ji)中原各地(di)(di)。宋后宇(yu)文(wen)氏已不常(chang)見。如今(jin)在河北、陜西(xi)(xi)、山(shan)西(xi)(xi)、北京(jing)、浙江、四川(chuan)、臺(tai)灣等地(di)(di)有少(shao)量分布。宇(yu)文(wen)姓人(ren)口排(pai)名第551位,人(ren)口約(yue)2.1萬人(ren)。
來自(zi)匈奴(nu)族,出(chu)自(zi)魏、晉時期遼(liao)東(dong)匈奴(nu)南單于之(zhi)后(hou),屬于漢化改(gai)姓為(wei)氏。
魏、晉兩朝(chao)時期,北方鮮卑(bei)民族中有一(yi)宇文氏部(bu)落,原來(lai)是漢朝(chao)時期南(nan)匈奴的(de)一(yi)個分支,在東漢晚期至三國初期形成一(yi)個部(bu)落群體,族人(ren)自(zi)稱是炎(yan)帝神農氏的(de)后(hou)裔。歷(li)史上(shang)記(ji)載宇文部(bu)最早起源(yuan)的(de)是史籍《周書》,其中稱宇文部(bu)源(yuan)自(zi)神農氏,因此應當來(lai)源(yuan)姜姓。
中國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)史(shi)(shi)學(xue)界(jie)一般認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)公元(yuan)1世(shi)(shi)(shi)紀時(shi)(shi)(shi)北(bei)(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)被東(dong)漢擊走西遷(qian)后,留(liu)在(zai)(zai)故(gu)地漠北(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)眾東(dong)遷(qian)與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)族(zu)(zu)人(ren)混居以后被同化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)族(zu)(zu)群,在(zai)(zai)這段(duan)期(qi)間(jian)該部(bu)(bu)(bu)曾參加鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)首領檀石(shi)槐(huai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)聯盟(meng),首領成為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人(ren)。因此(ci),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)源自(zi)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)而后揉合了(le)(le)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)血統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)(zu)。據(ju)史(shi)(shi)籍(ji)(ji)《后漢書(shu)》記(ji)載,東(dong)漢和(he)帝年間(jian),當時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)(da)將軍竇憲派右校尉耿夔擊破北(bei)(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu),“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)因此(ci)轉徙據(ju)其地。匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)余(yu)種留(liu)者尚有十余(yu)萬落(luo)(luo),皆(jie)自(zi)號鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)。”在(zai)(zai)史(shi)(shi)籍(ji)(ji)《魏書(shu)》中也認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)“匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)種,出于(yu)遼東(dong)塞外,其先南(nan)單(dan)于(yu)遠(yuan)屬也,世(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人(ren)。其語與鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)頗異。”按史(shi)(shi)書(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)載:宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)首領的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖(zu)先叫葛烏(wu)菟,其先出自(zi)炎帝神農氏,為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黃帝所滅,子孫遁居朔(shuo)野為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)苗裔(yi),實際上(shang)就是(shi)南(nan)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)某個(ge)單(dan)于(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)庶支(zhi)后裔(yi)。葛烏(wu)菟是(shi)公元(yuan)一世(shi)(shi)(shi)紀人(ren),原居陰山,是(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)始祖(zu),東(dong)漢后期(qi)起其后裔(yi)子孫世(shi)(shi)(shi)襲為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)(da)人(ren)。在(zai)(zai)史(shi)(shi)籍(ji)(ji)《周書(shu)·文(wen)(wen)帝紀》中記(ji)載:“葛烏(wu)菟雄武多算(suan)略(lve),鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)慕(mu)之,奉以為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主,遂為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十二(er)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo),世(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)人(ren)。”葛烏(wu)菟之后曰普(pu)(pu)回,普(pu)(pu)回有子宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那(nei)(nei)(nei),約在(zai)(zai)公元(yuan)一世(shi)(shi)(shi)紀北(bei)(bei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)西遷(qian)時(shi)(shi)(shi),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那(nei)(nei)(nei)則自(zi)陰山率領下屬十二(er)部(bu)(bu)(bu)南(nan)下遷(qian)至遼西地區(qu),之后宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那(nei)(nei)(nei)從附屬匈(xiong)奴(nu)(nu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系中脫(tuo)離(li)獨立,號稱“鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)俟(si)汾氏”。“俟(si)汾”是(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)族(zu)(zu)語“天(tian)王”之意。俟(si)汾部(bu)(bu)(bu)日(ri)漸(jian)強盛(sheng)后,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那(nei)(nei)(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)慕(mu)僚建(jian)議改“天(tian)王”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)姓,但為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)忌諱晉室(shi),換(huan)“天(tian)王”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)”,當時(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)十二(er)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)中已經蘊涵了(le)(le)后來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)庫莫(mo)奚部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)和(he)契丹(dan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那(nei)(nei)(nei)則被后來(lai)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)朝時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)北(bei)(bei)周政權尊為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)獻侯(hou),并奉為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)北(bei)(bei)周皇室(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)始祖(zu)。
按史籍《周書》的(de)(de)(de)(de)記(ji)(ji)載(zai):葛烏(wu)(wu)菟的(de)(de)(de)(de)后代普(pu)回襲(xi)任(ren)大(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)之職后,他在(zai)打獵時(shi)(shi)在(zai)河(he)邊拾到(dao)一(yi)(yi)(yi)顆玉璽,上(shang)刻“皇(huang)帝璽”三字,大(da)(da)喜之下自以(yi)(yi)為是(shi)天授神權(quan),當(dang)地人(ren)(ren)(ren)呼(hu)天為“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”,呼(hu)君為“文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”,“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”意即“天子”。于是(shi),這(zhe)位普(pu)回大(da)(da)人(ren)(ren)(ren)便自己(ji)號(hao)稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)氏,而(er)自己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落就叫作(zuo)(zuo)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)。當(dang)然(ran),后世(shi)史學家認為這(zhe)純(chun)粹是(shi)牽強(qiang)附(fu)會(hui)之說。到(dao)了(le)東(dong)晉(jin)時(shi)(shi)期(qi),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)據中(zhong)原,號(hao)稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)國(guo)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那之后有(you)數代首領在(zai)史書中(zhong)沒有(you)任(ren)何(he)記(ji)(ji)載(zai),一(yi)(yi)(yi)直到(dao)西晉(jin)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)以(yi)(yi)后才有(you)記(ji)(ji)事(shi)。在(zai)史籍《魏書》中(zhong),記(ji)(ji)載(zai)了(le)當(dang)時(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)習(xi)俗“人(ren)(ren)(ren)皆剪發而(er)留其頂上(shang),以(yi)(yi)為首飾,長(chang)過數寸則截短之。婦女(nv)披長(chang)襦及足,而(er)無(wu)裳(shang)焉。”部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族人(ren)(ren)(ren)有(you)髡發習(xi)俗,婦女(nv)是(shi)穿(chuan)著連身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)長(chang)襖,與(yu)漢族下身(shen)做(zuo)長(chang)裙的(de)(de)(de)(de)打扮大(da)(da)不同(tong)。另外,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族人(ren)(ren)(ren)在(zai)秋(qiu)天的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候會(hui)去采(cai)收一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)稱(cheng)作(zuo)(zuo)“烏(wu)(wu)頭”的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)毒植物制成毒藥(yao),做(zuo)為射獵禽獸之用(yong)。鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)族宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)逐漸繁榮興(xing)盛(sheng),一(yi)(yi)(yi)直至東(dong)晉(jin)五胡(hu)十六(liu)國(guo)前期(qi)為止,特別是(shi)在(zai)西晉(jin)以(yi)(yi)后較為強(qiang)盛(sheng)之時(shi)(shi),地點約在(zai)濡源(今(jin)(jin)河(he)北灤河(he)上(shang)游)以(yi)(yi)東(dong)、柳城(今(jin)(jin)遼寧朝陽(yang))以(yi)(yi)西一(yi)(yi)(yi)帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)廣(guang)大(da)(da)地區(qu),與(yu)同(tong)期(qi)存在(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)慕(mu)(mu)容部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)、段部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)相(xiang)同(tong),都屬于東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個支系。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)西晉(jin)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾代首領與(yu)拓(tuo)跋部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)關(guan)系較佳,兩個部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族間時(shi)(shi)有(you)通(tong)婚。進(jin)入五胡(hu)十六(liu)國(guo)時(shi)(shi)期(qi)后,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾(ceng)依附(fu)勢(shi)力強(qiang)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)后趙政權(quan)。但宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)與(yu)慕(mu)(mu)容部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)(xian)卑(bei)之間卻是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)直存在(zai)著不斷(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)爭斗,且連續有(you)數位宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)珪、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜昵延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得(de)龜、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸都曾(ceng)為慕(mu)(mu)容部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所敗(bai),在(zai)東(dong)晉(jin)咸和(he)九年或東(dong)晉(jin)咸康元年(公元344/345年)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次決定性戰役(yi)中(zhong),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)終于被慕(mu)(mu)容部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)所建立的(de)(de)(de)(de)前燕(yan)政權(quan)擊敗(bai),部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)眾被慕(mu)(mu)容部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)首領分(fen)散遷移,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)滅亡。
鮮卑宇(yu)(yu)文部的(de)族(zu)人以及后來北周政權的(de)皇族(zu)貴胄和一些臣子國民,都以“宇(yu)(yu)文“為姓氏(shi)(shi)(shi),稱宇(yu)(yu)文氏(shi)(shi)(shi),后逐(zhu)漸融入漢族(zu),將宇(yu)(yu)文氏(shi)(shi)(shi)復姓也(ye)帶入漢族(zu)之中,后有省文簡改為單(dan)姓宇(yu)(yu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、文氏(shi)(shi)(shi)者,也(ye)有改單(dan)姓為尚氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、趙氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、胡氏(shi)(shi)(shi)、李氏(shi)(shi)(shi)者,皆世代相傳至(zhi)今。
來自(zi)嬴姓(xing),出(chu)自(zi)南(nan)北朝時期北周政權大臣趙文表、趙昶之(zhi)后,屬于帝(di)王(wang)賜(si)改姓(xing)為氏。
南北(bei)朝時(shi)期(qi),有北(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)大都督(du)趙(zhao)文(wen)(wen)表(biao)、北(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)長(chang)道郡(jun)公趙(zhao)昶(chang),這(zhe)二人(ren)都是北(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)武帝宇文(wen)(wen)邕(561年―578年在位)的親信大將。趙(zhao)文(wen)(wen)表(biao)追隨許國公宇文(wen)(wen)貴(gui)鎮(zhen)守蜀(shu)地,行(xing)(xing)昌城郡(jun)事,官至加中軍將軍,左(zuo)金(jin)紫光祿(lu)大夫(fu)。趙(zhao)昶(chang)居(ju)將帥之(zhi)任,傾心下士。虜獲氐、羌,撫而使之(zhi),皆為趙(zhao)昶(chang)盡力。后錄前后功(gong),進爵(jue)長(chang)道郡(jun)公,征(zheng)拜賓部中大夫(fu),行(xing)(xing)吏部事。這(zhe)二人(ren)皆被(bei)北(bei)周(zhou)(zhou)武帝賜姓為宇文(wen)(wen)氏。
在趙(zhao)文(wen)表、趙(zhao)昶(chang)的后(hou)裔子孫(sun)中,有以先祖受賜(si)姓氏承(cheng)襲者,都稱(cheng)宇(yu)文(wen)氏,世代相傳至今。
宇(yu)文氏復(fu)姓氏典型(xing)的北(bei)(bei)方少數民族漢(han)化姓氏,在中(zhong)國(guo)的大陸與臺灣省都未進入(ru)前三百(bai)(bai)大姓,在宋版《百(bai)(bai)家姓》中(zhong)排序為第(di)四百(bai)(bai)三十四位門(men)閥(fa)。宇(yu)文姓早(zao)期活動在西(xi)北(bei)(bei)地區,南北(bei)(bei)朝時期逐(zhu)步南下內(nei)遷,除在遼寧、內(nei)蒙(meng)古、山西(xi)、陜(shan)西(xi)等地分布外,在河南洛陽(yang)等地形成宇(yu)文氏皇族聚集地。唐代時,他們入(ru)地為籍,遍及(ji)中(zhong)原(yuan)各地。宋后宇(yu)文氏已不常見。如今在北(bei)(bei)京、河南、陜(shan)西(xi)、浙江(jiang)、四川、臺灣等地有少量分布。現今宇(yu)文姓人口沒有進入(ru)全國(guo)前三百(bai)(bai)位。
今(jin)陜西省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)咸陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)及興平市(shi)(shi)、乾縣(xian)、長(chang)武縣(xian),河北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)行唐(tang)縣(xian)、張家口(kou)市(shi)(shi)、石家莊市(shi)(shi),遼(liao)寧(ning)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)大連(lian)市(shi)(shi),山(shan)東省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)煙臺市(shi)(shi),四(si)川省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)南(nan)部縣(xian),河南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)欒川縣(xian)、洛陽(yang)市(shi)(shi)、安(an)陽(yang)市(shi)(shi),江(jiang)蘇省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)南(nan)京市(shi)(shi),安(an)徽省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)無(wu)為縣(xian),浙江(jiang)省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)杭州市(shi)(shi),山(shan)西省(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)榆次(ci)市(shi)(shi)、太原市(shi)(shi)尖草坪(ping)區、長(chang)治市(shi)(shi),廣東省(sheng)(sheng),湖北(bei)省(sheng)(sheng),江(jiang)西省(sheng)(sheng),湖南(nan)省(sheng)(sheng),臺灣省(sheng)(sheng),北(bei)京市(shi)(shi),天津(jin)市(shi)(shi),重(zhong)慶市(shi)(shi),上海市(shi)(shi),香港特別行政區等地,均(jun)有宇文氏族人分布。
趙郡:東漢建安年間(196年―219年)設趙郡,治所廣阿(今邢(xing)臺(tai)市隆(long)堯縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)),轄地包括今石(shi)家莊趙縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、高邑縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、贊皇縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和邢(xing)臺(tai)市寧晉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、柏鄉縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、臨城(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、隆(long)堯縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)東部。隋朝時期(qi)移治到趙縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(今河(he)北趙縣(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian))。
太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)府:也(ye)稱太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)郡。戰國(guo)時期(qi)秦(qin)莊襄(xiang)王四年(nian)(前246年(nian))置(zhi)郡,治所在晉(jin)陽(今山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)),當(dang)時轄地(di)在今山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)省五臺山(shan)(shan)(shan)和管(guan)涔山(shan)(shan)(shan)南部(bu)一帶、霍山(shan)(shan)(shan)北(bei)部(bu)一帶地(di)區(qu)。北(bei)魏時期(qi)轄地(di)在今山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)省陽曲縣、交城(cheng)市(shi)、平遙(yao)市(shi)、和順縣間(jian)的晉(jin)中(zhong)一帶地(di)區(qu)。隋(sui)朝(chao)時期(qi)改晉(jin)陽為太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan),又(you)另設晉(jin)陽,與太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)同(tong)城(cheng)。唐太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)府洽(qia)也(ye)在此(ci)地(di)。宋(song)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)平興國(guo)中(zhong)期(qi)(980年(nian))改并州為太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan)府,移治陽曲(今山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)原(yuan))。以后(hou)宋(song)朝(chao)、金國(guo)的河東路(lu)、河東北(bei)路(lu),明、清兩(liang)朝(chao)以來皆為府。民國(guo)時期(qi)改為市(shi),成為山(shan)(shan)(shan)西(xi)省會所在,一直沿用至今。
趙郡堂:以望立堂。
太原堂:以望立堂。
四言通用聯
巧(qiao)思博學;善戰多謀。
——上聯典指隋(sui)朝時(shi)(shi)期(qi)的朔方人宇文(wen)(wen)愷(kai),字(zi)安樂,喜讀書,多技(ji)藝,有巧思。隋(sui)文(wen)(wen)帝(di)時(shi)(shi)任營(ying)(ying)新都(dou)副監(jian),興(xing)建(jian)(jian)大(da)興(xing)城,又開鑿廣通渠(qu),決渭水達(da)黃河,以便利漕運;隋(sui)煬帝(di)時(shi)(shi)歷(li)官營(ying)(ying)東都(dou)副監(jian)、將作大(da)匠、工部尚(shang)書,所規劃的東都(dou)建(jian)(jian)筑極為奢(she)華。著有《東都(dou)圖記》、《明堂圖議》等。下聯典指宇文(wen)(wen)愷(kai)之(zhi)兄(xiong)宇文(wen)(wen)忻,字(zi)仲樂,善戰多謀,曾擊敗北周大(da)將尉(wei)遲迥,封英國公。楊堅建(jian)(jian)隋(sui)朝后一(yi)直非(fei)常器重他。
折草累(lei)石;正色立朝(chao)。
——上(shang)聯典指南北朝時(shi)期(qi)北周(zhou)的(de)宇文深,幼時(shi)折(zhe)草為(wei)旗,累石(shi)為(wei)營(ying),作軍陣之勢以(yi)嬉,日后果為(wei)名(ming)將。下聯典指隋(sui)朝時(shi)期(qi)的(de)宇文弼,隋(sui)開皇初(chu)年(nian)為(wei)尚書(shu)左丞(cheng),當官正(zheng)色(se),為(wei)百僚(liao)所(suo)憚。
五言通用聯
望出(chu)太原郡;源自宇(yu)文國。
——全(quan)聯典指宇(yu)文(wen)氏的郡望和得姓(xing)源流。
六言通用聯
宇(yu)宙寥闊萬里;文明昌盛千秋。
——此聯為以鶴頂(ding)格鑲嵌(qian)宇文復姓(xing)之“宇文”二字(zi)(zi)的嵌(qian)字(zi)(zi)聯。
七言通用聯
觀兒戲料為良(liang)將;立戰功得沐侯(hou)封。
——上(shang)聯(lian)典指南北(bei)朝(chao)時期北(bei)周的(de)武(wu)川(chuan)人宇(yu)文深,字(zi)奴(nu)千(qian),幼時曾用草、石擺軍(jun)(jun)陣,父親(qin)宇(yu)文永遇見了大(da)喜,料(liao)定他日(ri)后必為(wei)良(liang)將(jiang)。后隨北(bei)周孝(xiao)武(wu)帝(di)西(xi)遷,以(yi)(yi)都(dou)督領(ling)宿衛兵。北(bei)周大(da)統年間官(guan)東雍(yong)州刺史(shi),封長樂(le)侯,后官(guan)至司會中大(da)夫。下(xia)(xia)聯(lian)典指南北(bei)朝(chao)時期北(bei)周的(de)武(wu)川(chuan)人宇(yu)文虬,字(zi)樂(le)仁,少(shao)年時從軍(jun)(jun),因戰(zhan)功(gong)封南安侯,官(guan)至驃騎(qi)大(da)將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun)、開府(fu)儀(yi)同三司。在(zai)戰(zhan)場上(shang),他總是身先(xian)士(shi)卒,所(suo)以(yi)(yi)能上(shang)下(xia)(xia)同心,戰(zhan)無不勝。
六人稱(cheng)王傳名遠(yuan);五州總管播惠長。
——上聯(lian)(lian)典指(zhi)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)復姓在歷史上稱帝者共有六人,創立北(bei)周王朝(chao)。下聯(lian)(lian)典指(zhi)南(nan)北(bei)朝(chao)時期北(bei)周孝閔帝之子宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)康(kang),字乾定,封紀王,總督利、始等五州(zhou)大小劍二防諸軍事。
南(nan)冠(guan)終(zhong)日囚軍(jun)府;北雁何時到上林。
——此聯為金(jin)(jin)國的大臣宇(yu)文虛中《在金(jin)(jin)日作三首》詩句聯。“囚軍府”,指宇(yu)文虛中奉使金(jin)(jin)國,被(bei)留不放(fang)還。“上林(lin)”,代指南宋王朝。
八言以上通用聯
幼歲攻(gong)書,不從筆硯為迂腐;少年受學,惟憑劍馬取公(gong)侯。
——上聯典指隋(sui)朝時(shi)期的大將(jiang)軍宇文慶(qing)事典。下(xia)聯典指南北朝時(shi)期北周的夏州名人宇文貴,字(zi)永貴,少受學,輟書嘆曰(yue):“男(nan)兒當提(ti)劍汗(han)馬以取公(gong)(gong)侯,何能為博士?”后仕魏為大將(jiang)軍,屢著戰(zhan)功,封許(xu)國(guo)公(gong)(gong)。
家譜文獻
宇(yu)文(wen)氏(shi)族譜,(明)危素序,明朝年間木刻活字(zi)印本。現被收藏在中國國家(jia)圖書館、日(ri)本東京國立(li)博(bo)物(wu)館。
北(bei)朝北(bei)魏將領。武(wu)川(今屬(shu)內蒙(meng))人。鮮(xian)卑族,宇文泰父。魏明帝時,破六(liu)韓拔陵起義,宇文肱(gong)聚兵攻殺破六(liu)韓拔陵部(bu)將衛可孤。遷居中山。后率(lv)眾加入鮮(xian)于修禮軍,被魏軍擊敗,戰死。北(bei)周(zhou)追(zhui)尊為(wei)德(de)皇(huang)帝。
(489-546),北朝西(xi)魏將(jiang)領(ling)。字澄鏡,宇文泰族子(zi)。宇文測性(xing)沉密,少(shao)篤學。起家(jia)奉朝請、殿中侍御(yu)史、安東將(jiang)軍(jun)。尚宣(xuan)武帝女陽平公(gong)主,拜(bai)(bai)駙馬都(dou)尉。從(cong)孝武帝西(xi)入關,進爵(jue)為公(gong)。西(xi)魏文帝大統四年(nian)(538),拜(bai)(bai)侍中。六(liu)年(nian),坐事(shi)免。不久,除(chu)驃騎(qi)大將(jiang)軍(jun)、大都(dou)督(du)、行(xing)汾(fen)州事(shi)。八年(nian),加金紫(zi)光祿(lu)大夫,轉行(xing)綏州事(shi)。十(shi)年(nian),征(zheng)拜(bai)(bai)太子(zi)少(shao)保(bao)。十(shi)二年(nian)十(shi)月(yue),在任(ren)去世。
(498-554),北朝西(xi)魏(wei)(wei)將(jiang)領(ling)。好讀(du)書,馳馬能左右射。少襲(xi)爵(jue),與(yu)魏(wei)(wei)孝武帝(di)有布衣交,帝(di)用為(wei)閣(ge)內(nei)大都(dou)督(du)。共議(yi)西(xi)附宇(yu)文泰,又護帝(di)至關中(zhong)。宇(yu)文泰用為(wei)帳(zhang)內(nei)大都(dou)督(du)。后進(jin)位儀同三司、散騎常(chang)侍。魏(wei)(wei)恭帝(di)元年去世。
(505-556),北(bei)朝北(bei)魏(wei)、西魏(wei)將領。字黑獺,代郡武川(今(jin)內蒙古武川西)人,鮮卑族。
(511-554),北朝西(xi)魏將(jiang)領(ling)。字菩薩,顥(hao)子(zi)。隨宇(yu)文泰(tai)(tai)入關中,西(xi)魏文帝初為(wei)領(ling)軍(jun)(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun),率領(ling)禁軍(jun)(jun)。泰(tai)(tai)與高歡作戰。常留(liu)守后(hou)方。大(da)統四年(538),為(wei)華州(zhou)刺(ci)史。泰(tai)(tai)軍(jun)(jun)在(zai)洛陽失敗,趙青(qing)雀、于伏德等乘(cheng)時據(ju)長安(an)、咸(xian)陽。宇(yu)文導(dao)由(you)華州(zhou)率軍(jun)(jun)攻破咸(xian)陽,又與泰(tai)(tai)合(he)師(shi)收回長安(an)。后(hou)出守隴右,去(qu)世在(zai)上邽,謚(shi)孝。
(?-568),北朝北周臣。字奴干,測弟。起家(jia)秘書郎。好讀兵書,有(you)謀略(lve)(lve)。宇文泰用為相(xiang)府主(zhu)簿。為泰籌劃擒竇泰、取弘農及沙苑作戰方略(lve)(lve)。封長樂縣侯。周武(wu)帝保定(ding)初,為京(jing)兆(zhao)尹,轉(zhuan)司會中大夫(fu)。為政嚴明,抑(yi)制豪右,受人贊譽。
(約515-572),北朝北周(zhou)權臣。武川(今內蒙古武川西)人(ren)。宇文泰之侄(zhi)。
(531-578),北朝(chao)北周將領。代郡武(wu)(wu)(wu)川(今屬(shu)內蒙古)人。鮮卑族。周文(wen)(wen)帝(di)(di)(di)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)泰族子。父(fu)顯和,仕魏,為(wei)孝武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)進入(ru)關之計(ji)。后隨從入(ru)關。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)神舉(ju)以(yi)周明帝(di)(di)(di)初,起家中侍上士。明帝(di)(di)(di)留意文(wen)(wen)學而神舉(ju)雅好篇什,常得侍從。周武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)保定間,歷任車騎(qi)大將軍、儀同三司諸職。建(jian)德元年為(wei)京兆尹,三年,出(chu)為(wei)熊州(zhou)刺史(shi)。從周武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)伐齊,齊平,為(wei)并州(zhou)刺史(shi)。宣政元年(578),周武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)卒,幽州(zhou)人盧昌期、祖英伯等舉(ju)兵反周,盧思(si)道(dao)(dao)亦(yi)預其事。神舉(ju)率(lv)兵平亂,見(jian)思(si)道(dao)(dao),令作露布(bu),乃(nai)釋其罪。又從越王宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)盛(sheng)平稽胡,敗突厥(jue)。師(shi)還,以(yi)武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di)時嘗與王軌、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)孝伯言宣帝(di)(di)(di)之短于武(wu)(wu)(wu)帝(di)(di)(di),兼以(yi)功高,宣帝(di)(di)(di)使(shi)人鴆(zhen)之,卒于馬邑。史(shi)稱宇(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)神舉(ju)“博涉(she)經史(shi),性愛(ai)篇章”。
(534-560),北朝北周皇帝。小(xiao)字統(tong)萬突。鮮卑(bei)族。宇(yu)(yu)文泰庶長子。西魏大統(tong)十四年(nian)(nian)(548),封寧都郡公。北周建(jian)國后(hou)任柱國,岐州(zhou)刺史。557年(nian)(nian)被宇(yu)(yu)文護立(li)為天王,宇(yu)(yu)文護輔政專權。559年(nian)(nian)宇(yu)(yu)文護歸政,始親政,稱皇帝,改元武(wu)(wu)成(cheng)(cheng)。仍受制于宇(yu)(yu)文護。武(wu)(wu)成(cheng)(cheng)二年(nian)(nian)(560)四月(yue),被宇(yu)(yu)文護毒死。葬(zang)昭陵。謚明皇帝,廟號世(shi)宗。年(nian)(nian)號武(wu)(wu)成(cheng)(cheng)。
(542-557),北朝北周創(chuang)建(jian)者。字(zi)陁(tuo)羅尼(ni)。鮮卑族。代郡武川(今屬內蒙古)人,西魏權臣宇文泰第三(san)子。
北朝北周(zhou)將領。字樂仁,武川(今(jin)屬內蒙古)人。驍悍(han)有(you)(you)膽略(lve)。少從(cong)征討,累有(you)(you)戰功,封(feng)南安(an)侯。后為(wei)獨孤信帳(zhang)內都督,隨信奔(ben)梁。復(fu)回歸,進爵(jue)為(wei)公(gong)。從(cong)復(fu)弘農,破沙苑,戰河橋,皆有(you)(you)功,累遷南秦州刺史(shi)(shi)、驃騎大(da)將軍、開(kai)府儀同(tong)三(san)司。宇文虬(qiu)每經戰陣,必身先士卒(zu),故上(shang)下同(tong)心,戰無(wu)不(bu)克。后拜金州刺史(shi)(shi)、大(da)將軍卒(zu)。
(543-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周皇帝。小字禰(ni)羅突(tu)。鮮卑族(zu)。武川(chuan)(今(jin)內蒙古武川(chuan)西(xi))人(ren)。宇文泰第四子。
(?-576),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周將領。字永貴(gui),其先昌黎(今(jin)屬河北(bei))人,后徙居(ju)夏州(今(jin)陜西橫山(shan)縣西)。善騎(qi)射,有將帥(shuai)才(cai)。魏正光末,破六(liu)韓拔(ba)陵(ling)圍夏州,刺史嬰城(cheng)固(gu)守,以(yi)貴(gui)為統(tong)軍。后從爾朱榮,以(yi)戰(zhan)功(gong)(gong)封革融縣侯。大統(tong)中,屢著戰(zhan)功(gong)(gong),官至(zhi)大將軍。周孝(xiao)閔帝即位(wei),進位(wei)柱國(guo),封許國(guo)公,歷官大司徒、太(tai)保。天和(he)中出使突厥,回至(zhi)張掖卒。
(543-578),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周(zhou)臣。字胡三,深(shen)子。少被宇(yu)文(wen)泰撫養。與(yu)武帝同日生,同學,相知甚深(shen)。邕即(ji)位,以(yi)與(yu)其(qi)共讀為由,引置左(zuo)右,方得聯絡內外,誅(zhu)殺宇(yu)文(wen)護。為左(zuo)宮正,輔太子赟,數言(yan)赟過。帝出(chu)京(jing),常令其(qi)留守。帝將卒,執手托以(yi)后事,即(ji)令為司衛上(shang)大(da)夫(fu)。入京(jing)鎮守。宣帝初,為小冢宰,數言(yan)朝(chao)政(zheng)得失,拒助帝殺齊王憲,賜死。后楊(yang)堅言(yan):若孝伯在,己即(ji)無機遇。
(544-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字毗賀突,宇文泰(tai)第五子,周武帝宇文邕弟。性通(tong)敏,有度量(liang)。
北朝(chao)北周宗室。字豆羅突,邕同母弟。周初封衛國公(gong),附宇文(wen)護。武(wu)帝(di)天(tian)和中與陳軍作戰兵(bing)敗(bai),免職。遂怨(yuan)護,助邕殺(sha)(sha)護。求為(wei)大司馬,帝(di)未許。建德三年(nian)(574)進爵為(wei)王(wang)。同年(nian),帝(di)赴云陽(yang)宮,直在長安舉兵(bing)攻宮城(cheng)。事敗(bai),逃(tao)至(zhi)荊州被擒,免為(wei)庶人,囚在別宮。不久(jiu)被殺(sha)(sha)。
(?-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字侯幼突,宇文泰子。明(ming)帝武成初,封譙國(guo)公。武帝天和中,拜大將(jiang)軍,遷柱國(guo),出為(wei)(wei)益州總管。建德(de)三年(574),宇文儉進爵為(wei)(wei)王。五年,東伐,攻永固城,拔之。六年,拜大冢宰(zai)。宣政元年(578)二月卒。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室。字度斤(jin)突,宇文泰子。性果決,善騎射。明帝武(wu)成初(chu),封(feng)代國公(gong)。武(wu)帝天和元(yuan)年(nian)(566),拜大(da)將軍。建德初(chu),進(jin)位(wei)柱國,出為荊州刺史。三年(nian)(574),進(jin)爵為王。出為益(yi)州總管。宣帝即位(wei),進(jin)位(wei)上柱國。靜帝大(da)象元(yuan)年(nian)(579),拜大(da)右(you)弼。二年(nian),為隋文帝楊堅所殺。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)宗(zong)室、文人。字豆(dou)盧突。代郡武川(今屬(shu)內(nei)蒙古)人。鮮(xian)卑族(zu)。宇文泰子(zi)。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室(shi)、文人。字(zi)爾固突。代郡武川(chuan)(今屬內(nei)蒙古)人。鮮卑族。宇文泰之子(zi)。
北朝北周將領。河(he)南(nan)洛(luo)陽(今屬河(he)南(nan))人。孝文(wen)帝太(tai)和初,為(wei)羽林郎(lang)將,數有(you)戰功(gong)。魏遷都(dou)洛(luo)陽,宇文(wen)福(fu)奉命(ming)規劃牧地,在黃河(he)南(nan)北地近千里,放(fang)養雜畜。后攻高車(che)敗,被貶。宣武帝即位,用為(wei)南(nan)征(zheng)統軍,有(you)戰功(gong)。歷任豫(yu)、瀛州刺史,太(tai)仆卿,懷朔(shuo)鎮(zhen)將。卒于鎮(zhen),謚(shi)貞惠。
(559-580),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周皇(huang)帝。字乾伯。鮮卑族。邕長子(zi)。邕慮其不堪重任,待(dai)其嚴(yan)格,朝(chao)見(jian)如群臣,有(you)過則杖責(ze)。初(chu)即位,下令(ling)(ling)嚴(yan)律法(fa);任用北(bei)齊官員(yuan)。殺齊王憲,令(ling)(ling)左(zuo)右密察群臣言行。法(fa)嚴(yan)刑苛,禁臣下有(you)高大之稱。次年,以子(zi)衍為皇(huang)帝,自稱天元皇(huang)帝。大興土(tu)木,恣意聲色(se)。對國家典章制度(du)等(deng),皆有(you)變革(ge)。大象二年令(ling)(ling)楊堅(jian)出(chu)為揚州總管。事未行,病,召堅(jian)入宮。卒,謚(shi)宣帝。
(?-580),北(bei)(bei)朝北(bei)(bei)周宗室(shi)。字乾依(yi),武帝宇文(wen)邕子,初封漢國(guo)公。建德(de)三年(574),進爵為王,仍柱國(guo)。靜帝大象(xiang)二年(580),楊堅輔政,欲(yu)順物情,乃進宇文(wen)贊上柱國(guo)、右大丞(cheng)相。外示尊(zun)崇,實無(wu)權柄。后轉太師。不久(jiu),為堅所殺。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室。字乾信(xin),武(wu)帝宇文邕子,初封秦國(guo)公。武(wu)帝建德三年(574),進(jin)爵為王。靜(jing)帝大(da)象(xiang)二年(580)五月,進(jin)上柱國(guo)。六(liu)月,遷大(da)冢宰。八月,進(jin)位大(da)右(you)弼。不久,為楊堅所殺。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)宗室(shi)。字立久突,宇(yu)文(wen)泰子。明帝武(wu)成(cheng)初(chu),封越(yue)國公。武(wu)帝天(tian)和中,進(jin)爵為(wei)(wei)王。四年(nian)(569),大(da)(da)軍(jun)伐(fa)齊,宇(yu)文(wen)盛(sheng)為(wei)(wei)后(hou)一軍(jun)總(zong)管。并州平(ping)(ping),進(jin)位上(shang)柱國。從平(ping)(ping)鄴,拜(bai)相(xiang)州總(zong)管。宣(xuan)政元(yuan)年(nian)(578),入為(wei)(wei)大(da)(da)冢(zhong)宰。靜(jing)帝大(da)(da)象(xiang)元(yuan)年(nian)(579),遷(qian)大(da)(da)前疑,轉太保。同年(nian)出就(jiu)國。二年(nian),朝京師。其秋,為(wei)(wei)隋(sui)文(wen)帝楊堅所殺(sha)。
(523-586),隋將(jiang)領。京兆(治今陜西(xi)西(xi)安)人,本籍朔方(治今內蒙古烏審旗南白城子),字(zi)仲樂。少時即精騎射(she),慷慨有大志,自謂(wei)可勝過韓(han)信(xin)、白起、衛(wei)青、霍去(qu)病等(deng)名(ming)將(jiang)。北周時,從韋孝寬(kuan)守玉壁,從武帝攻(gong)拔北齊晉陽(yang),均以驍勇敢戰立功。周末,從高颎、韋孝寬(kuan)破尉(wei)遲迥,功為(wei)諸將(jiang)之最。進(jin)封英國公(gong)。入隋,以宿(su)將(jiang)遭忌(ji),乃(nai)與梁士彥等(deng)謀反,事(shi)泄被殺(sha)。
(573-581),北(bei)(bei)朝北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)皇帝。本(ben)名衍(yan)。鮮卑族。宣帝長子(zi)。大(da)(da)成元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(579),封(feng)魯王(wang),不(bu)久立為皇太子(zi)。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)二月(yue)受父禪即位,年(nian)(nian)(nian)僅7歲。改元(yuan)大(da)(da)象。外戚(qi)楊堅執(zhi)掌(zhang)朝政,恢復佛、道兩教,大(da)(da)殺周(zhou)朝宗室。大(da)(da)定元(yuan)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(581)二月(yue),被迫禪位于楊堅,封(feng)介國公,北(bei)(bei)周(zhou)亡。同(tong)年(nian)(nian)(nian)五(wu)月(yue)被殺。葬(zang)恭陵(ling)。謚靜帝。
隋將(jiang)(jiang),字神慶(qing),祖籍武川(今(jin)屬內(nei)蒙古(gu)),后為(wei)洛陽人,鮮卑(bei)族,宇文(wen)氏族子。周初(chu)受業東觀,頗涉(she)經史(shi)。后應募從(cong)征,以(yi)功(gong)授都督(du)。復從(cong)武帝轉戰各(ge)地(di),拔高壁,克并州(zhou),下信都,功(gong)居諸將(jiang)(jiang)之(zhi)首,故(gu)進(jin)位(wei)大將(jiang)(jiang)軍,封汝南郡公。入隋,拜左武衛將(jiang)(jiang)軍,進(jin)上柱國,出為(wei)涼州(zhou)總管。后還(huan)都,卒于家。
(555-612),隋建筑家(jia)。字安樂,朔方夏(xia)州(zhou)(今陜西靖邊)人。
(?-616),隋朝將領。字(zi)伯通,代郡武(wu)(wu)川(chuan)(今內蒙古武(wu)(wu)川(chuan)南)人,出身鮮卑貴(gui)族。
(?-619),隋代末年叛軍(jun)首領。代郡武川(chuan)(chuan)(今內蒙(meng)古武川(chuan)(chuan)西)人。隋大(da)將宇文述之子(zi)。
唐將(jiang)領。字仁(ren)人(ren),京兆長安人(ren)。父(fu)述,為隋右(you)衛(wei)大將(jiang)軍(jun)。隋開皇末(601),封(feng)新城縣公。
宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)成都(dou),小說(shuo)《說(shuo)唐(tang)》《忠義(yi)響馬傳(chuan)》《興唐(tang)傳(chuan)》中人物(wu),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化及(ji)之子。被(bei)隋(sui)(sui)煬帝(di)封為(wei)天保大(da)將軍之職。兵器鳳翅鎦金镋(tang)[tǎng],被(bei)稱為(wei)隋(sui)(sui)唐(tang)第二條好漢,在(zai)(zai)四平山力挫三杰。曾在(zai)(zai)晉陽與李淵之子李元(yuan)霸(ba)比武(wu),輸給李元(yuan)霸(ba)。與瓦(wa)崗寨英使一柄鳳翅鎦金镋(tang),重(zhong)三百二十斤”,傳(chuan)說(shuo)為(wei)九天應元(yuan)雷神普化天尊轉世。雄為(wei)敵,幫(bang)助父奪取隋(sui)(sui)朝天下,在(zai)(zai)揚州(zhou)被(bei)李元(yuan)霸(ba)所殺(sha)。歷史上,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化及(ji)有二子:宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)承基(ji)、宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)承趾,宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化及(ji)同時被(bei)竇建德斬殺(sha)。
(?-約730),唐臣。京兆萬年(nian)(今陜西(xi)西(xi)安)人。開元(yuan)初任監察御(yu)史(shi)。時土地(di)兼并嚴重(zhong),人口(kou)(kou)流(liu)失,稅收(shou)受(shou)到影響。他(ta)建議(yi)檢括逃亡(wang)戶口(kou)(kou)和(he)籍外(wai)占田。并自任勸(quan)農使,率(lv)判官(guan)二十(shi)(shi)余人出使各地(di),清出客戶八十(shi)(shi)余萬和(he)大量土地(di)。開元(yuan)十(shi)(shi)七年(nian)(729),拜黃門(men)侍郎(lang),同中書門(men)下平章事。他(ta)善于薦舉人才,在相(xiang)期間,薦宋璟(jing)為(wei)右丞(cheng)相(xiang)、裴(pei)耀卿(qing)為(wei)戶部(bu)侍郎(lang)、許(xu)景先為(wei)工部(bu)侍郎(lang)。在相(xiang)位僅(jin)百日即罷(ba)貶為(wei)汝州刺史(shi),又流(liu)巖州,卒于途中。
唐臣。字周(zhou)重,河南(今河南洛陽)人。御史中(zhong)丞宇文邈之子。元和六年(nian)(nian)(811),與江淮從事李公佐會(hui)于漢南。長慶(qing)初,任右拾遺,與李玨等進言勸(quan)穆宗戒酒色。歷倉部員外(wai)郎(lang)(lang)(lang)、左司員外(wai)郎(lang)(lang)(lang)、吏部員外(wai)郎(lang)(lang)(lang)。大和三年(nian)(nian)(829),自吏部郎(lang)(lang)(lang)中(zhong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)御史中(zhong)丞。又兼刑部侍郎(lang)(lang)(lang)。六年(nian)(nian),為(wei)(wei)(wei)戶部侍郎(lang)(lang)(lang)、判度(du)支。出(chu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)華州刺(ci)史。八年(nian)(nian),坐贓(zang)事貶循州刺(ci)史。
(1029-1082),北宋學者(zhe)。字公(gong)南,漢州綿竹(zhu)(今屬四川)人(ren)。進士及(ji)第,為(wei)文州曲(qu)水(shui)縣令。神宗(zong)即位,上疏(shu)言(yan)政事,不報,遂以太子(zi)中允致仕。自強(qiang)于學,不易(yi)其志,退居十五年,常為(wei)經(jing)史(shi)琴酒之(zhi)樂,學者(zhe)稱止(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)生(sheng)。司馬光(guang)、范(fan)鎮等盛譽之(zhi),以為(wei)“位下(xia)而(er)言(yan)高,學富而(er)行(xing)篤”。元豐五年卒。著有《止(zhi)(zhi)止(zhi)(zhi)先(xian)生(sheng)宇(yu)文公(gong)集》二十二卷,今已(yi)佚。
(?-1139),宋臣。字仲達,一作(zuo)仲理,成都華陽(今四(si)川(chuan)雙流)人(ren)。崇寧二(er)年(1103)進士。入仕后(hou)曾任中(zhong)書舍人(ren)、翰林學士承旨等職。宣和六年(1124)官至(zhi)尚書右丞。后(hou)出為(wei)地方(fang)官。南宋初知濮(pu)州時被(bei)俘,金人(ren)嘉其(qi)忠義放歸,乃以光祿(lu)大夫出知潼川(chuan)府。紹興元年(1131)辭(ci)官,以其(qi)弟宇(yu)文時中(zhong)代理府事(shi)。從此(ci)閑(xian)居至(zhi)卒。
(1079-1146),金臣。字叔通,宇文粹中之弟。
南宋臣。字挺臣,顯謨閣(ge)待制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)宇文師瑗養子。成都廣(guang)都(今四(si)川雙流)人。初補官仕州(zhou)縣(xian)。舉進士(shi)。累遷寶(bao)謨閣(ge)待制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)、知廬州(zhou)。時,韓侂(tuo)(tuo)胄(zhou)方(fang)議(yi)舉兵北(bei)伐。紹(shao)節致書(shu)侂(tuo)(tuo)胄(zhou),認(ren)為(wei)有(you)復仇(chou)之(zhi)志,無(wu)復仇(chou)之(zhi)略;有(you)開邊(bian)之(zhi)害,無(wu)開邊(bian)之(zhi)利,不量國(guo)力,冒險進取。侂(tuo)(tuo)胄(zhou)見書(shu)不樂(le)。召還,以寶(bao)文閣(ge)待制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)知鎮江府(fu)(fu)。除湖北(bei)京(jing)西(xi)宣撫使,知江陵府(fu)(fu)。統制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)官高悅(yue)肆意殺(sha)掠,紹(shao)節召至(zhi),收其部(bu)曲(qu),旋有(you)人控訴悅(yue)縱所部(bu)剽劫者,加以杖(zhang)殺(sha),兵民皆歡喜。官至(zhi)端明殿學士(shi)、簽書(shu)樞密(mi)院事,卒。謚(shi)忠惠。
元文學(xue)家。字子貞,成(cheng)都人,后徙吳興(xing)(今浙江(jiang)湖州)。元統進士(shi)。
其(qi)他(ta)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人有(you)晉宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鮮卑族首領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫槐、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫廆、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)屈云、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜尼延(yan)(yan)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得歸、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸;南北(bei)朝東魏史學(xue)家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)忠(zhong)之,西魏將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洛生、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)顥,北(bei)周(zhou)大(da)臣(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)純、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寔(shi)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)興、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)貞、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)賢(xian)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)善(shan),將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)亮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)延(yan)(yan)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)安慶、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)椿;隋(sui)大(da)臣(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)弼、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)靜(jing)禮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)皛、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)智及,將領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)協;唐大(da)臣(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)穎、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)節;宋大(da)臣(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌齡(ling)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)常,學(xue)者(zhe)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)紹奕、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)懋昭等。近當代宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓名人有(you)經濟學(xue)家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)舉(ju),畫家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洲,歌唱演員宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)永清等
1940年(nian)生于(yu)吉林(lin)龍井,1958年(nian)考入東北(bei)師范大學美術系學習。1965年(nian)畢業(ye)分配到北(bei)京畫(hua)(hua)院(yuan)工(gong)作(zuo)。作(zuo)品以青綠山水創(chuang)作(zuo)為(wei)主。其創(chuang)作(zuo)力(li)求(qiu)把水墨山水和重彩青綠山水融為(wei)一(yi)體作(zuo)品構圖飽滿。氣勢雄偉。現為(wei)北(bei)京畫(hua)(hua)院(yuan)專業(ye)畫(hua)(hua)家。國家一(yi)級美術師。北(bei)京中國畫(hua)(hua)研究會會長。中國美術家協會會員。