宇文(wen)(wen)(yǔ wén)為復姓(xing),炎帝神農氏(shi)后(hou)裔。主(zhu)要來源中國(guo)遼東,為南單于之后(hou)。魏晉時(shi),北方鮮(xian)卑族宇文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)部落,自稱(cheng)宇文(wen)(wen)姓(xing)。東晉時(shi),宇文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)進駐中原(yuan),稱(cheng)宇文(wen)(wen)國(guo),以宇文(wen)(wen)為姓(xing),稱(cheng)宇文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)。
宇(yu)文姓(xing)(xing)早期(qi)活動在(zai)西北(bei)地區,南北(bei)朝(chao)時期(qi)逐步南下內遷。唐代時,他們入(ru)地為(wei)籍,遍及中原(yuan)各(ge)地。宋后宇(yu)文氏已不(bu)常見。如(ru)今在(zai)河北(bei)、陜(shan)西、山西、北(bei)京、浙江、四(si)川、臺灣等地有少量分(fen)布。宇(yu)文姓(xing)(xing)人口(kou)排名第551位(wei),人口(kou)約2.1萬(wan)人。
來自匈(xiong)奴族(zu),出自魏、晉(jin)時期遼東(dong)匈(xiong)奴南單于之后,屬于漢化改姓(xing)為(wei)氏。
魏、晉兩朝時期(qi)(qi),北方鮮卑民族中(zhong)有一宇文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)部(bu)(bu)落,原(yuan)來是(shi)漢朝時期(qi)(qi)南匈奴的一個分支(zhi),在(zai)東漢晚(wan)期(qi)(qi)至三國(guo)初期(qi)(qi)形成一個部(bu)(bu)落群體,族人(ren)自(zi)稱是(shi)炎帝神(shen)農(nong)氏(shi)的后裔。歷史上記載宇文(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)最(zui)早起源(yuan)的是(shi)史籍(ji)《周書》,其中(zhong)稱宇文(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)源(yuan)自(zi)神(shen)農(nong)氏(shi),因此(ci)應當來源(yuan)姜姓。
中(zhong)(zhong)國的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)史(shi)(shi)(shi)學界一(yi)般認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)元1世(shi)(shi)紀時(shi)北匈(xiong)奴(nu)被(bei)(bei)東(dong)漢擊(ji)(ji)走西(xi)遷后(hou)(hou),留(liu)在故(gu)地(di)(di)漠(mo)北的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)眾(zhong)東(dong)遷與鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)族(zu)人(ren)(ren)混(hun)居(ju)以后(hou)(hou)被(bei)(bei)同化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)族(zu)群,在這段期(qi)間(jian)該部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)曾參加鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)首(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)檀石槐的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)聯盟,首(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)人(ren)(ren)。因(yin)此(ci),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)源自匈(xiong)奴(nu)而后(hou)(hou)揉(rou)合(he)了鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)血統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)。據(ju)史(shi)(shi)(shi)籍(ji)《后(hou)(hou)漢書》記載(zai),東(dong)漢和(he)帝(di)年間(jian),當時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)將軍竇憲派右(you)校尉耿(geng)夔擊(ji)(ji)破北匈(xiong)奴(nu),“鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)因(yin)此(ci)轉徙據(ju)其地(di)(di)。匈(xiong)奴(nu)余(yu)種(zhong)留(liu)者尚有(you)十余(yu)萬落(luo)(luo)(luo),皆自號鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)。”在史(shi)(shi)(shi)籍(ji)《魏(wei)書》中(zhong)(zhong)也認為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)“匈(xiong)奴(nu)種(zhong),出(chu)于遼東(dong)塞外,其先(xian)南單于遠屬也,世(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)人(ren)(ren)。其語(yu)與鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)頗異。”按史(shi)(shi)(shi)書的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)記載(zai):宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)氏(shi)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)首(shou)(shou)(shou)領(ling)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)祖先(xian)叫葛(ge)烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu),其先(xian)出(chu)自炎帝(di)神農氏(shi),為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)黃帝(di)所滅,子(zi)孫(sun)遁居(ju)朔野(ye)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)匈(xiong)奴(nu)苗(miao)裔(yi),實(shi)際上就是(shi)(shi)(shi)南匈(xiong)奴(nu)某(mou)個單于的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)庶支(zhi)后(hou)(hou)裔(yi)。葛(ge)烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)元一(yi)世(shi)(shi)紀人(ren)(ren),原居(ju)陰山,是(shi)(shi)(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)始祖,東(dong)漢后(hou)(hou)期(qi)起其后(hou)(hou)裔(yi)子(zi)孫(sun)世(shi)(shi)襲為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)大(da)人(ren)(ren)。在史(shi)(shi)(shi)籍(ji)《周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)書·文(wen)(wen)(wen)帝(di)紀》中(zhong)(zhong)記載(zai):“葛(ge)烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu)雄武多算略,鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)慕之(zhi),奉(feng)(feng)以為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)主,遂為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)十二部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo),世(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)大(da)人(ren)(ren)。”葛(ge)烏(wu)菟(tu)(tu)之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)曰普(pu)回,普(pu)回有(you)子(zi)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)(mo)那(nei),約在公(gong)元一(yi)世(shi)(shi)紀北匈(xiong)奴(nu)西(xi)遷時(shi),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)(mo)那(nei)則(ze)(ze)自陰山率領(ling)下(xia)屬十二部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)南下(xia)遷至遼西(xi)地(di)(di)區,之(zhi)后(hou)(hou)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)(mo)那(nei)從(cong)附屬匈(xiong)奴(nu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系(xi)中(zhong)(zhong)脫(tuo)離(li)獨立(li),號稱“鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)俟(si)汾氏(shi)”。“俟(si)汾”是(shi)(shi)(shi)鮮(xian)(xian)卑(bei)(bei)(bei)族(zu)語(yu)“天(tian)王”之(zhi)意。俟(si)汾部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)日漸強盛(sheng)后(hou)(hou),宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)(mo)那(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)慕僚建(jian)議改“天(tian)王”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)姓,但(dan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)忌諱晉室,換(huan)“天(tian)王”為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)“宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)”,當時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)十二部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)中(zhong)(zhong)已經蘊涵了后(hou)(hou)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)庫(ku)莫(mo)(mo)(mo)奚部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)和(he)契丹(dan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)落(luo)(luo)(luo)。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)(mo)(mo)那(nei)則(ze)(ze)被(bei)(bei)后(hou)(hou)來南北朝時(shi)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)北周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)政權尊為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)獻侯,并(bing)奉(feng)(feng)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)北周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)皇(huang)室的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)始祖。
按(an)史籍《周書(shu)》的(de)(de)(de)(de)記載(zai):葛烏菟(tu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)后(hou)代(dai)普(pu)回(hui)襲任大(da)人之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)職后(hou),他在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)打獵時在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)河邊拾到(dao)(dao)一(yi)(yi)顆玉璽,上刻(ke)“皇帝璽”三(san)字,大(da)喜之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)下自(zi)以(yi)(yi)為(wei)是(shi)天(tian)授神權,當地(di)人呼天(tian)為(wei)“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)”,呼君為(wei)“文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”,“宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)”意(yi)即“天(tian)子”。于(yu)(yu)是(shi),這位普(pu)回(hui)大(da)人便自(zi)己(ji)號稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)氏,而(er)(er)自(zi)己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)(bu)落就叫作宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)。當然,后(hou)世史學家認為(wei)這純粹(cui)是(shi)牽強(qiang)附(fu)會之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)說(shuo)。到(dao)(dao)了東(dong)晉時期,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)進(jin)據中原,號稱(cheng)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)國(guo)。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)那之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)后(hou)有(you)(you)數代(dai)首領在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)史書(shu)中沒有(you)(you)任何記載(zai),一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)到(dao)(dao)西(xi)晉時期以(yi)(yi)后(hou)才有(you)(you)記事。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)史籍《魏書(shu)》中,記載(zai)了當時的(de)(de)(de)(de)習俗(su)“人皆剪發而(er)(er)留其頂上,以(yi)(yi)為(wei)首飾,長過數寸(cun)則截短之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。婦女披長襦(ru)及足,而(er)(er)無(wu)裳焉(yan)。”部(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)人有(you)(you)髡發習俗(su),婦女是(shi)穿著(zhu)連身的(de)(de)(de)(de)長襖(ao),與漢族(zu)下身做(zuo)長裙的(de)(de)(de)(de)打扮(ban)大(da)不同。另外,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)人在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)秋天(tian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)時候會去采收一(yi)(yi)種稱(cheng)作“烏頭”的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)(you)毒(du)植物制成毒(du)藥,做(zuo)為(wei)射獵禽獸之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)用。鮮(xian)(xian)卑族(zu)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)逐漸繁榮興盛,一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)至東(dong)晉五胡十(shi)六(liu)國(guo)前期為(wei)止,特別是(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)晉以(yi)(yi)后(hou)較(jiao)為(wei)強(qiang)盛之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時,地(di)點約在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)濡源(今河北灤河上游(you))以(yi)(yi)東(dong)、柳城(今遼寧朝陽)以(yi)(yi)西(xi)一(yi)(yi)帶的(de)(de)(de)(de)廣大(da)地(di)區,與同期存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)卑、段部(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)卑相同,都(dou)屬于(yu)(yu)東(dong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)卑的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)支(zhi)系。宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)西(xi)晉時期的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾代(dai)首領與拓跋部(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)卑關系較(jiao)佳(jia),兩個(ge)部(bu)(bu)(bu)族(zu)間(jian)時有(you)(you)通婚。進(jin)入(ru)五胡十(shi)六(liu)國(guo)時期后(hou),宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)曾(ceng)依附(fu)勢力(li)強(qiang)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)后(hou)趙政權。但宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)與慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)鮮(xian)(xian)卑之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)卻是(shi)一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)著(zhu)不斷的(de)(de)(de)(de)爭斗,且連續(xu)有(you)(you)數位宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首領宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫(mo)珪、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜昵延、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞得龜、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸都(dou)曾(ceng)為(wei)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)所敗(bai)(bai),在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)東(dong)晉咸和九年或(huo)東(dong)晉咸康元(yuan)年(公元(yuan)344/345年)的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)次決(jue)定(ding)性戰役中,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)終于(yu)(yu)被(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)所建立的(de)(de)(de)(de)前燕政權擊敗(bai)(bai),部(bu)(bu)(bu)眾被(bei)慕(mu)容(rong)部(bu)(bu)(bu)首領分散遷移,宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)部(bu)(bu)(bu)滅亡。
鮮卑宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)部的族人以(yi)及后(hou)來(lai)北周政權(quan)的皇(huang)族貴胄和(he)一(yi)些臣子國民,都以(yi)“宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)“為姓(xing)(xing)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),稱(cheng)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),后(hou)逐(zhu)漸(jian)融入(ru)漢族,將(jiang)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)復姓(xing)(xing)也(ye)帶(dai)入(ru)漢族之中(zhong),后(hou)有省文(wen)(wen)簡改為單姓(xing)(xing)宇(yu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、文(wen)(wen)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe),也(ye)有改單姓(xing)(xing)為尚氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、趙氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、胡(hu)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、李(li)氏(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)者(zhe),皆世代相傳至今(jin)。
來自嬴姓,出(chu)自南北朝(chao)時期北周政權大臣趙文表、趙昶之后,屬于帝王賜改姓為氏。
南北(bei)朝時(shi)期,有北(bei)周(zhou)大(da)都督趙(zhao)文表(biao)(biao)、北(bei)周(zhou)長道郡公(gong)趙(zhao)昶,這(zhe)二人都是北(bei)周(zhou)武帝宇(yu)文邕(yong)(561年―578年在位)的親信大(da)將(jiang)。趙(zhao)文表(biao)(biao)追(zhui)隨(sui)許國(guo)公(gong)宇(yu)文貴鎮(zhen)守蜀地,行昌城(cheng)郡事,官至(zhi)加中軍(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun),左金紫光祿大(da)夫(fu)。趙(zhao)昶居將(jiang)帥之(zhi)任,傾心下士。虜(lu)獲(huo)氐、羌,撫(fu)而使之(zhi),皆為趙(zhao)昶盡力。后錄前后功(gong),進爵(jue)長道郡公(gong),征拜賓部(bu)(bu)中大(da)夫(fu),行吏部(bu)(bu)事。這(zhe)二人皆被北(bei)周(zhou)武帝賜姓為宇(yu)文氏(shi)。
在趙(zhao)文表(biao)、趙(zhao)昶的(de)后裔子孫中(zhong),有以先祖受賜姓氏承襲者,都稱宇(yu)文氏,世代相傳至今。
宇(yu)文氏(shi)復姓(xing)(xing)氏(shi)典型的(de)北(bei)方(fang)少數民族漢化姓(xing)(xing)氏(shi),在中國(guo)的(de)大(da)陸與臺(tai)灣省(sheng)都未進入(ru)前三百大(da)姓(xing)(xing),在宋(song)版《百家姓(xing)(xing)》中排序為第四(si)百三十四(si)位(wei)門閥。宇(yu)文姓(xing)(xing)早期活(huo)動在西北(bei)地(di)區,南(nan)(nan)北(bei)朝時期逐步南(nan)(nan)下內遷,除在遼寧、內蒙(meng)古、山西、陜西等(deng)(deng)地(di)分布外,在河南(nan)(nan)洛陽等(deng)(deng)地(di)形成宇(yu)文氏(shi)皇(huang)族聚集(ji)地(di)。唐代時,他們入(ru)地(di)為籍,遍及中原各(ge)地(di)。宋(song)后(hou)宇(yu)文氏(shi)已不常見。如今在北(bei)京、河南(nan)(nan)、陜西、浙江、四(si)川(chuan)、臺(tai)灣等(deng)(deng)地(di)有少量分布。現今宇(yu)文姓(xing)(xing)人口沒有進入(ru)全(quan)國(guo)前三百位(wei)。
今陜西(xi)(xi)省的咸(xian)陽(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)及(ji)興(xing)平市(shi)(shi)、乾縣(xian)、長(chang)(chang)武縣(xian),河北(bei)省的行唐縣(xian)、張家(jia)口市(shi)(shi)、石(shi)家(jia)莊市(shi)(shi),遼寧省的大連市(shi)(shi),山東省的煙臺市(shi)(shi),四川省的南部縣(xian),河南省的欒(luan)川縣(xian)、洛陽(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi)、安(an)陽(yang)(yang)市(shi)(shi),江(jiang)蘇省的南京市(shi)(shi),安(an)徽省的無為縣(xian),浙江(jiang)省的杭州市(shi)(shi),山西(xi)(xi)省的榆次(ci)市(shi)(shi)、太原市(shi)(shi)尖草坪區(qu)、長(chang)(chang)治市(shi)(shi),廣東省,湖北(bei)省,江(jiang)西(xi)(xi)省,湖南省,臺灣省,北(bei)京市(shi)(shi),天津市(shi)(shi),重慶市(shi)(shi),上海市(shi)(shi),香港特別行政(zheng)區(qu)等(deng)地,均有(you)宇文氏族人分布。
趙(zhao)郡:東(dong)漢建(jian)安(an)年間(196年―219年)設趙(zhao)郡,治所廣阿(今(jin)邢臺市隆堯縣(xian)(xian)),轄(xia)地(di)包括(kuo)今(jin)石家莊趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)、高邑縣(xian)(xian)、贊皇縣(xian)(xian)和邢臺市寧晉縣(xian)(xian)、柏(bo)鄉縣(xian)(xian)、臨城縣(xian)(xian)、隆堯縣(xian)(xian)東(dong)部(bu)。隋朝(chao)時期移治到趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)(今(jin)河北趙(zhao)縣(xian)(xian))。
太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府(fu):也(ye)稱太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)郡。戰國(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)秦(qin)莊襄王(wang)四年(nian)(前246年(nian))置(zhi)郡,治所(suo)在(zai)晉(jin)陽(yang)(yang)(今山(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)),當(dang)時(shi)(shi)(shi)轄地在(zai)今山(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)省五臺山(shan)(shan)和管涔山(shan)(shan)南部一(yi)帶(dai)、霍(huo)山(shan)(shan)北(bei)部一(yi)帶(dai)地區。北(bei)魏(wei)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)轄地在(zai)今山(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)省陽(yang)(yang)曲縣、交城市、平遙市、和順(shun)縣間的晉(jin)中(zhong)一(yi)帶(dai)地區。隋朝(chao)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)改晉(jin)陽(yang)(yang)為太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan),又另(ling)設晉(jin)陽(yang)(yang),與(yu)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)同城。唐太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府(fu)洽(qia)也(ye)在(zai)此(ci)地。宋太(tai)平興國(guo)中(zhong)期(qi)(qi)(980年(nian))改并州(zhou)為太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan)府(fu),移治陽(yang)(yang)曲(今山(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)太(tai)原(yuan)(yuan))。以(yi)后宋朝(chao)、金國(guo)的河東(dong)路、河東(dong)北(bei)路,明、清兩朝(chao)以(yi)來皆為府(fu)。民國(guo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)期(qi)(qi)改為市,成為山(shan)(shan)西(xi)(xi)省會所(suo)在(zai),一(yi)直沿用至今。
趙郡堂:以望立堂。
太原堂:以望立堂。
四言通用聯
巧(qiao)思博學;善戰多謀。
——上(shang)聯典指(zhi)隋(sui)朝時期的朔方人宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)愷(kai),字安(an)樂(le),喜讀書,多(duo)技藝,有巧思。隋(sui)文(wen)帝時任營新(xin)都(dou)(dou)副監(jian),興(xing)建大興(xing)城,又開(kai)鑿廣通渠(qu),決(jue)渭(wei)水達黃河,以便利漕運;隋(sui)煬帝時歷官營東(dong)都(dou)(dou)副監(jian)、將(jiang)作大匠、工部尚書,所規(gui)劃的東(dong)都(dou)(dou)建筑極為奢華。著有《東(dong)都(dou)(dou)圖(tu)記(ji)》、《明(ming)堂(tang)圖(tu)議》等。下聯典指(zhi)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)愷(kai)之兄(xiong)宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)忻,字仲樂(le),善戰多(duo)謀(mou),曾擊敗北周大將(jiang)尉遲迥,封英國公。楊(yang)堅建隋(sui)朝后一(yi)直非常器重(zhong)他。
折草累石;正色(se)立朝(chao)。
——上聯典指(zhi)南北朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)北周的宇文深(shen),幼時(shi)折草為旗,累石為營,作(zuo)軍陣(zhen)之勢以嬉,日后果為名(ming)將。下(xia)聯典指(zhi)隋朝(chao)時(shi)期(qi)的宇文弼,隋開皇初年(nian)為尚書左丞,當官正色,為百僚所憚。
五言通用聯
望出太原郡;源自(zi)宇文國。
——全聯典指宇(yu)文(wen)氏的(de)郡望和得姓源(yuan)流。
六言通用聯
宇宙寥闊萬里;文(wen)明昌(chang)盛千秋。
——此聯為以(yi)鶴(he)頂(ding)格鑲嵌(qian)(qian)宇文復姓之“宇文”二(er)字(zi)的嵌(qian)(qian)字(zi)聯。
七言通用聯
觀(guan)兒戲料為良將;立戰功得沐侯封(feng)。
——上聯(lian)(lian)典(dian)指南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)朝(chao)時期(qi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)周(zhou)的武川(chuan)人宇文(wen)深,字(zi)奴千,幼時曾用草、石擺軍陣,父(fu)親宇文(wen)永遇見了大(da)喜(xi),料定他(ta)日后必為(wei)良將(jiang)。后隨(sui)北(bei)(bei)(bei)周(zhou)孝武帝(di)西遷,以都督領宿衛(wei)兵。北(bei)(bei)(bei)周(zhou)大(da)統年間官東雍(yong)州刺史,封(feng)長樂侯,后官至(zhi)司會中大(da)夫。下聯(lian)(lian)典(dian)指南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)朝(chao)時期(qi)北(bei)(bei)(bei)周(zhou)的武川(chuan)人宇文(wen)虬(qiu),字(zi)樂仁,少年時從軍,因戰(zhan)功封(feng)南(nan)(nan)安侯,官至(zhi)驃騎大(da)將(jiang)軍、開府儀同三司。在戰(zhan)場上,他(ta)總是身先(xian)士(shi)卒,所以能上下同心,戰(zhan)無(wu)不(bu)勝(sheng)。
六人稱王傳(chuan)名遠;五州總管(guan)播惠長。
——上聯典(dian)(dian)指宇文復姓在歷史上稱(cheng)帝者共(gong)有六人,創立北周王朝。下(xia)聯典(dian)(dian)指南北朝時期北周孝(xiao)閔帝之子宇文康,字乾定,封紀王,總(zong)督利、始等五州大小劍二防諸(zhu)軍事。
南(nan)冠終日囚軍府;北(bei)雁何時到上林。
——此聯為(wei)金國的大臣(chen)宇文虛中《在金日作三首》詩句聯。“囚軍府”,指(zhi)(zhi)宇文虛中奉使金國,被留不放還。“上林(lin)”,代指(zhi)(zhi)南宋(song)王朝。
八言以上通用聯
幼(you)歲攻(gong)書(shu),不從筆硯為(wei)迂腐;少年受學,惟憑劍馬取(qu)公侯(hou)。
——上(shang)聯(lian)典指隋朝時(shi)期的大將軍宇文(wen)慶事典。下聯(lian)典指南北朝時(shi)期北周的夏州名人宇文(wen)貴,字永(yong)貴,少受學,輟書嘆(tan)曰:“男兒當提劍汗(han)馬以取公侯,何能為博(bo)士?”后仕魏為大將軍,屢著戰功,封許(xu)國公。
家譜文獻
宇文氏族(zu)譜(pu),(明(ming))危素序,明(ming)朝年間木刻活(huo)字(zi)印本。現(xian)被收(shou)藏在中(zhong)國(guo)國(guo)家圖書館(guan)、日本東(dong)京國(guo)立(li)博物館(guan)。
北朝北魏將領。武川(今(jin)屬(shu)內蒙)人。鮮卑族,宇文(wen)泰(tai)父。魏明(ming)帝時,破(po)六韓(han)拔陵起義(yi),宇文(wen)肱聚(ju)兵攻(gong)殺破(po)六韓(han)拔陵部將衛(wei)可孤(gu)。遷居中山。后率眾加入(ru)鮮于修禮軍(jun),被(bei)魏軍(jun)擊敗,戰死。北周追尊為德(de)皇(huang)帝。
(489-546),北朝(chao)西(xi)魏(wei)將領。字澄(cheng)鏡(jing),宇文(wen)泰族子(zi)。宇文(wen)測性沉密,少篤學。起家(jia)奉朝(chao)請(qing)、殿(dian)中侍(shi)御史、安東將軍。尚(shang)宣武帝(di)女陽(yang)平公主,拜(bai)駙馬(ma)都(dou)尉。從孝武帝(di)西(xi)入關(guan),進爵(jue)為公。西(xi)魏(wei)文(wen)帝(di)大(da)統(tong)四年(nian)(nian)(538),拜(bai)侍(shi)中。六年(nian)(nian),坐事免(mian)。不(bu)久,除驃騎大(da)將軍、大(da)都(dou)督、行汾州事。八年(nian)(nian),加金紫(zi)光祿大(da)夫(fu),轉行綏州事。十年(nian)(nian),征(zheng)拜(bai)太子(zi)少保。十二年(nian)(nian)十月,在(zai)任去世(shi)。
(498-554),北朝西魏將領。好讀書(shu),馳馬(ma)能左右射(she)。少襲爵,與魏孝武帝(di)有布(bu)衣交,帝(di)用(yong)(yong)為(wei)閣內(nei)大都督(du)。共議西附宇(yu)文泰,又護帝(di)至關中(zhong)。宇(yu)文泰用(yong)(yong)為(wei)帳(zhang)內(nei)大都督(du)。后進(jin)位儀同三(san)司、散騎常(chang)侍。魏恭帝(di)元年去(qu)世。
(505-556),北朝北魏、西魏將領。字黑獺,代郡武(wu)川(今內蒙(meng)古武(wu)川西)人(ren),鮮卑族。
(511-554),北朝西魏(wei)將(jiang)領。字(zi)菩(pu)薩,顥子。隨(sui)宇文泰(tai)入關中(zhong),西魏(wei)文帝初為領軍(jun)(jun)將(jiang)軍(jun)(jun),率領禁軍(jun)(jun)。泰(tai)與高(gao)歡(huan)作戰。常留守后方。大統四年(538),為華州(zhou)刺史(shi)。泰(tai)軍(jun)(jun)在(zai)洛陽失敗,趙(zhao)青雀(que)、于伏德等乘時據長(chang)安、咸陽。宇文導由(you)華州(zhou)率軍(jun)(jun)攻破咸陽,又與泰(tai)合師收回長(chang)安。后出守隴右(you),去(qu)世在(zai)上邽,謚孝。
(?-568),北朝北周臣。字奴干,測(ce)弟。起家秘書(shu)郎。好讀兵(bing)書(shu),有謀略。宇文(wen)泰(tai)用為(wei)相府主(zhu)簿。為(wei)泰(tai)籌劃擒竇泰(tai)、取弘農(nong)及沙苑作戰方略。封長(chang)樂縣侯。周武帝保定初(chu),為(wei)京(jing)兆尹,轉(zhuan)司會中大(da)夫。為(wei)政(zheng)嚴明,抑(yi)制豪(hao)右,受人贊(zan)譽。
(約(yue)515-572),北(bei)朝北(bei)周(zhou)權臣。武(wu)川(今內蒙古武(wu)川西)人。宇文泰(tai)之侄。
(531-578),北(bei)朝(chao)北(bei)周將(jiang)領。代(dai)郡武(wu)川(今屬內(nei)蒙古(gu))人(ren)(ren)。鮮卑(bei)族(zu)。周文(wen)(wen)(wen)帝(di)(di)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)泰族(zu)子(zi)。父顯(xian)和,仕魏(wei),為孝武(wu)帝(di)(di)進入(ru)關(guan)之計。后隨從(cong)入(ru)關(guan)。宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)神舉(ju)以周明帝(di)(di)初,起家中侍上士。明帝(di)(di)留(liu)意文(wen)(wen)(wen)學而神舉(ju)雅(ya)好篇什(shen),常得(de)侍從(cong)。周武(wu)帝(di)(di)保定間,歷任車騎(qi)大將(jiang)軍、儀同三司諸職。建德(de)元(yuan)年為京兆(zhao)尹(yin),三年,出為熊州(zhou)(zhou)刺(ci)史。從(cong)周武(wu)帝(di)(di)伐齊(qi),齊(qi)平,為并(bing)州(zhou)(zhou)刺(ci)史。宣(xuan)政元(yuan)年(578),周武(wu)帝(di)(di)卒,幽(you)州(zhou)(zhou)人(ren)(ren)盧昌期、祖英伯(bo)等舉(ju)兵反周,盧思(si)道亦預其(qi)事(shi)。神舉(ju)率兵平亂,見(jian)思(si)道,令作露布,乃釋其(qi)罪。又從(cong)越王(wang)宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)盛(sheng)平稽胡(hu),敗突厥。師還,以武(wu)帝(di)(di)時嘗與(yu)王(wang)軌、宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)孝伯(bo)言宣(xuan)帝(di)(di)之短于武(wu)帝(di)(di),兼以功(gong)高,宣(xuan)帝(di)(di)使人(ren)(ren)鴆之,卒于馬邑。史稱宇(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)神舉(ju)“博(bo)涉經史,性愛(ai)篇章”。
(534-560),北(bei)朝北(bei)周皇(huang)帝(di)。小字統萬突。鮮卑(bei)族。宇文(wen)泰庶(shu)長子。西魏大統十四年(nian)(548),封(feng)寧都(dou)郡公。北(bei)周建國(guo)(guo)后(hou)任柱國(guo)(guo),岐(qi)州刺史。557年(nian)被宇文(wen)護(hu)立為天王(wang),宇文(wen)護(hu)輔政專權。559年(nian)宇文(wen)護(hu)歸政,始親政,稱皇(huang)帝(di),改元武成(cheng)。仍受制于宇文(wen)護(hu)。武成(cheng)二年(nian)(560)四月,被宇文(wen)護(hu)毒死。葬昭陵。謚(shi)明皇(huang)帝(di),廟號(hao)世宗。年(nian)號(hao)武成(cheng)。
(542-557),北朝北周創建者(zhe)。字(zi)陁羅尼。鮮(xian)卑族。代郡武川(今屬內蒙(meng)古)人(ren),西魏權臣宇文泰第三子。
北朝北周將(jiang)領。字(zi)樂仁,武川(chuan)(今(jin)屬內蒙古(gu))人。驍悍有膽略。少(shao)從征(zheng)討,累有戰功,封南安侯。后(hou)為獨(du)孤信(xin)帳內都督,隨信(xin)奔梁。復(fu)回歸,進爵為公。從復(fu)弘農,破沙苑,戰河(he)橋,皆有功,累遷南秦州(zhou)刺史、驃騎(qi)大將(jiang)軍、開府儀同(tong)三司。宇文虬(qiu)每經戰陣,必身(shen)先士卒(zu),故上下同(tong)心,戰無不克。后(hou)拜金州(zhou)刺史、大將(jiang)軍卒(zu)。
(543-578),北朝(chao)北周皇帝。小字禰羅突。鮮卑(bei)族。武(wu)川(chuan)(今內(nei)蒙古武(wu)川(chuan)西(xi))人。宇文泰(tai)第(di)四子。
(?-576),北朝北周將領。字永(yong)貴,其(qi)先昌黎(li)(今屬河北)人,后徙居夏州(今陜西(xi)橫(heng)山(shan)縣(xian)西(xi))。善騎射,有將帥才。魏正光末,破六韓拔陵圍(wei)夏州,刺史嬰城固(gu)守,以貴為統軍。后從爾朱(zhu)榮,以戰功封革融(rong)縣(xian)侯。大統中(zhong),屢著戰功,官至大將軍。周孝(xiao)閔帝即位(wei),進位(wei)柱國(guo),封許國(guo)公,歷官大司徒、太保。天和中(zhong)出使突厥,回至張(zhang)掖(ye)卒。
(543-578),北朝(chao)北周臣。字胡三(san),深(shen)子。少被宇文泰撫養。與(yu)武帝(di)同(tong)日生(sheng),同(tong)學,相(xiang)知甚深(shen)。邕即(ji)位,以與(yu)其共讀為由,引置左右(you),方得聯絡內外,誅(zhu)殺(sha)宇文護。為左宮正,輔太(tai)子赟,數(shu)言赟過。帝(di)出京,常令其留守。帝(di)將卒,執手托以后事,即(ji)令為司衛上大夫。入京鎮守。宣帝(di)初,為小冢(zhong)宰(zai),數(shu)言朝(chao)政(zheng)得失,拒(ju)助帝(di)殺(sha)齊王憲,賜死(si)。后楊堅言:若孝伯(bo)在,己即(ji)無機遇。
(544-578),北朝(chao)北周宗室。字毗賀(he)突,宇文泰第五子,周武(wu)帝(di)宇文邕弟。性通敏,有度量。
北朝北周(zhou)宗室。字豆羅突,邕同(tong)母弟。周(zhou)初封衛國公,附宇(yu)文護(hu)。武帝(di)(di)(di)天和中(zhong)與陳軍作戰兵敗,免(mian)職。遂怨護(hu),助邕殺護(hu)。求為大司(si)馬(ma),帝(di)(di)(di)未許。建德三年(574)進爵為王。同(tong)年,帝(di)(di)(di)赴云陽宮(gong),直(zhi)在長安(an)舉兵攻宮(gong)城。事敗,逃至荊(jing)州被(bei)擒,免(mian)為庶人,囚在別宮(gong)。不久被(bei)殺。
(?-578),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字侯幼(you)突(tu),宇(yu)文泰子。明(ming)帝(di)武成初,封譙國公。武帝(di)天和中,拜大將軍,遷(qian)柱國,出為(wei)益(yi)州總管。建(jian)德三年(574),宇(yu)文儉進爵(jue)為(wei)王(wang)。五(wu)年,東伐,攻(gong)永固城,拔之。六年,拜大冢(zhong)宰。宣政元年(578)二月卒。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室。字度斤突,宇文泰子。性果決,善騎射。明(ming)帝(di)武成(cheng)初,封代(dai)國(guo)公。武帝(di)天和元(yuan)年(566),拜大將軍。建(jian)德初,進(jin)位(wei)柱國(guo),出為(wei)(wei)荊(jing)州(zhou)刺史。三年(574),進(jin)爵為(wei)(wei)王。出為(wei)(wei)益州(zhou)總管。宣帝(di)即位(wei),進(jin)位(wei)上柱國(guo)。靜帝(di)大象元(yuan)年(579),拜大右弼。二年,為(wei)(wei)隋文帝(di)楊堅所殺。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室(shi)、文人。字豆(dou)盧(lu)突。代郡武(wu)川(今屬內(nei)蒙古(gu))人。鮮(xian)卑族(zu)。宇(yu)文泰子(zi)。
(?-580),北朝(chao)北周宗室、文人。字爾固(gu)突。代郡武川(今屬內(nei)蒙古)人。鮮卑族。宇文泰之子。
北朝北周將領(ling)。河南洛陽(今屬(shu)河南)人(ren)。孝文帝(di)太和(he)初(chu),為羽林郎將,數有戰(zhan)功。魏(wei)遷都洛陽,宇文福奉命(ming)規劃牧地,在黃河南北地近千(qian)里,放(fang)養雜畜。后攻(gong)高(gao)車敗,被貶(bian)。宣武(wu)帝(di)即位,用為南征統軍,有戰(zhan)功。歷(li)任(ren)豫、瀛(ying)州(zhou)刺史,太仆卿,懷(huai)朔鎮將。卒于鎮,謚貞惠。
(559-580),北朝北周皇帝。字乾伯。鮮卑族。邕(yong)長子。邕(yong)慮其不堪重任,待其嚴格,朝見如群臣(chen)(chen),有(you)(you)過則杖責。初(chu)即位(wei),下(xia)令(ling)嚴律法;任用北齊官員。殺齊王憲,令(ling)左右密察(cha)群臣(chen)(chen)言(yan)行。法嚴刑苛,禁臣(chen)(chen)下(xia)有(you)(you)高大之稱。次年(nian),以子衍(yan)為(wei)皇帝,自(zi)稱天元皇帝。大興土木,恣意聲色(se)。對(dui)國(guo)家(jia)典章制度等,皆有(you)(you)變革(ge)。大象二年(nian)令(ling)楊堅出(chu)為(wei)揚州總(zong)管。事未行,病,召堅入宮。卒,謚宣帝。
(?-580),北(bei)朝北(bei)周宗室。字乾依,武帝宇(yu)文(wen)邕子,初(chu)封漢國(guo)(guo)公。建德三年(574),進(jin)爵為王,仍(reng)柱國(guo)(guo)。靜帝大象二年(580),楊堅輔政(zheng),欲順物(wu)情,乃進(jin)宇(yu)文(wen)贊上柱國(guo)(guo)、右大丞相(xiang)。外示尊崇(chong),實無權柄。后轉太師。不久(jiu),為堅所(suo)殺(sha)。
(?-580),北(bei)(bei)朝北(bei)(bei)周宗室。字乾信,武帝宇文邕(yong)子,初(chu)封秦(qin)國公。武帝建(jian)德三年(nian)(574),進爵為王。靜(jing)帝大(da)(da)象二年(nian)(580)五月,進上柱國。六月,遷大(da)(da)冢宰(zai)。八(ba)月,進位大(da)(da)右弼。不久,為楊(yang)堅所殺(sha)。
(?-580),北朝北周宗室。字立久突,宇(yu)文泰(tai)子。明帝武成初(chu),封越國公。武帝天和中,進(jin)爵為王。四年(569),大(da)軍(jun)伐齊,宇(yu)文盛為后一軍(jun)總(zong)管(guan)。并州平,進(jin)位上柱國。從平鄴,拜相(xiang)州總(zong)管(guan)。宣政元年(578),入為大(da)冢(zhong)宰(zai)。靜帝大(da)象元年(579),遷(qian)大(da)前疑(yi),轉太(tai)保。同(tong)年出(chu)就國。二(er)年,朝京(jing)師。其秋,為隋(sui)文帝楊堅所殺。
(523-586),隋將領。京(jing)兆(治今陜西西安)人,本籍(ji)朔方(fang)(治今內蒙古烏審旗南(nan)白(bai)(bai)城子),字仲樂。少時(shi)即精(jing)騎射(she),慷慨(kai)有大志(zhi),自謂可勝(sheng)過(guo)韓信、白(bai)(bai)起(qi)、衛青、霍(huo)去病等(deng)名將。北(bei)周時(shi),從韋孝(xiao)寬守玉壁(bi),從武(wu)帝攻拔北(bei)齊晉(jin)陽(yang),均以(yi)(yi)驍勇敢戰立功(gong)。周末,從高(gao)颎(jiong)、韋孝(xiao)寬破尉遲迥(jiong),功(gong)為諸將之最。進封英(ying)國公。入隋,以(yi)(yi)宿將遭忌,乃與梁(liang)士彥等(deng)謀反,事(shi)泄被殺(sha)。
(573-581),北朝(chao)北周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)皇帝(di)。本名(ming)衍。鮮卑族。宣(xuan)帝(di)長子。大(da)成(cheng)元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(579),封魯(lu)王,不久(jiu)立為(wei)皇太(tai)子。同(tong)(tong)年(nian)二月受父禪即位,年(nian)僅7歲。改(gai)元(yuan)(yuan)大(da)象。外戚楊堅執掌(zhang)朝(chao)政(zheng),恢復佛、道兩教,大(da)殺周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)朝(chao)宗室(shi)。大(da)定(ding)元(yuan)(yuan)年(nian)(581)二月,被迫禪位于(yu)楊堅,封介國公,北周(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)亡。同(tong)(tong)年(nian)五月被殺。葬恭陵(ling)。謚(shi)靜帝(di)。
隋將(jiang),字神慶,祖籍武川(今(jin)屬內(nei)蒙古),后為(wei)洛陽人,鮮卑族,宇文氏族子。周初(chu)受業(ye)東觀,頗涉經史。后應募從征,以(yi)功(gong)(gong)授(shou)都督。復(fu)從武帝(di)轉戰各(ge)地(di),拔高(gao)壁,克并州,下信都,功(gong)(gong)居諸將(jiang)之首,故(gu)進(jin)位(wei)大將(jiang)軍,封汝南郡公。入隋,拜左(zuo)武衛將(jiang)軍,進(jin)上柱國,出為(wei)涼州總管(guan)。后還都,卒于(yu)家。
(555-612),隋建筑家。字安樂,朔(shuo)方夏州(今陜(shan)西靖邊(bian))人。
(?-616),隋朝將(jiang)領。字伯(bo)通,代郡武川(今內蒙古武川南(nan))人(ren),出身(shen)鮮卑(bei)貴族。
(?-619),隋代末年叛軍首領。代郡武(wu)川(chuan)(今(jin)內蒙古武(wu)川(chuan)西)人。隋大(da)將宇文述之(zhi)子。
唐將領。字仁(ren)人(ren),京兆長安(an)人(ren)。父述(shu),為隋(sui)右衛大將軍。隋(sui)開(kai)皇末(601),封新城(cheng)縣公(gong)。
宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)成都(dou),小說(shuo)《說(shuo)唐》《忠義(yi)響馬(ma)傳》《興唐傳》中人物,宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化及(ji)之子(zi)。被(bei)隋煬(yang)帝封(feng)為(wei)天(tian)保大將軍(jun)之職。兵器鳳翅(chi)鎦金镋[tǎng],被(bei)稱為(wei)隋唐第(di)二(er)(er)條(tiao)好漢,在四平山力挫三(san)杰(jie)。曾在晉陽與(yu)李淵之子(zi)李元(yuan)霸(ba)比武,輸給(gei)李元(yuan)霸(ba)。與(yu)瓦(wa)崗(gang)寨英使一柄鳳翅(chi)鎦金镋,重三(san)百(bai)二(er)(er)十斤”,傳說(shuo)為(wei)九天(tian)應元(yuan)雷神普化天(tian)尊轉世。雄為(wei)敵(di),幫(bang)助父奪取隋朝天(tian)下,在揚州被(bei)李元(yuan)霸(ba)所殺(sha)(sha)。歷史上,宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化及(ji)有二(er)(er)子(zi):宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)承(cheng)基、宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)承(cheng)趾,宇(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)化及(ji)同(tong)時被(bei)竇(dou)建德斬殺(sha)(sha)。
(?-約(yue)730),唐臣。京兆萬年(今陜西西安)人。開(kai)元初任監(jian)察御史(shi)。時土(tu)地兼并(bing)嚴重,人口(kou)流(liu)失,稅(shui)收受到(dao)影(ying)響。他建議檢括(kuo)逃(tao)亡(wang)戶(hu)口(kou)和籍外占田(tian)。并(bing)自(zi)任勸農使(shi),率判官二十(shi)余人出使(shi)各地,清出客戶(hu)八(ba)十(shi)余萬和大量土(tu)地。開(kai)元十(shi)七年(729),拜(bai)黃門侍郎(lang),同(tong)中(zhong)書門下(xia)平(ping)章事。他善于(yu)薦舉人才,在相期間,薦宋璟(jing)為(wei)右丞相、裴耀卿(qing)為(wei)戶(hu)部侍郎(lang)、許景先為(wei)工部侍郎(lang)。在相位僅百日(ri)即罷貶為(wei)汝州刺史(shi),又流(liu)巖州,卒(zu)于(yu)途中(zhong)。
唐臣。字周重(zhong),河南(nan)(今河南(nan)洛陽)人(ren)。御(yu)史(shi)中丞宇文邈之(zhi)子。元和六年(811),與江淮(huai)從(cong)事(shi)李公佐會于漢(han)南(nan)。長慶初,任右拾遺(yi),與李玨等(deng)進言勸穆宗戒(jie)酒(jiu)色。歷倉部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)員外郎、左司員外郎、吏部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)員外郎。大和三年(829),自吏部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)郎中為御(yu)史(shi)中丞。又兼刑部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)侍郎。六年,為戶部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)侍郎、判度支(zhi)。出為華州刺史(shi)。八年,坐贓事(shi)貶循州刺史(shi)。
(1029-1082),北宋學(xue)者。字公(gong)南(nan),漢州(zhou)綿竹(今屬四川)人。進士及第,為(wei)文(wen)州(zhou)曲水縣令。神宗即(ji)位,上疏言政事,不報,遂以(yi)太(tai)子中允致仕。自強于學(xue),不易其志,退居十五(wu)年(nian),常(chang)為(wei)經史琴(qin)酒之(zhi)樂,學(xue)者稱(cheng)止止先生(sheng)。司馬光、范鎮等盛譽之(zhi),以(yi)為(wei)“位下而言高,學(xue)富而行篤”。元豐五(wu)年(nian)卒。著有(you)《止止先生(sheng)宇文(wen)公(gong)集》二十二卷(juan),今已佚。
(?-1139),宋臣。字仲(zhong)達,一作仲(zhong)理,成都(dou)華陽(yang)(今四川雙流)人(ren)。崇寧二年(nian)(1103)進士。入仕后(hou)曾任中書(shu)舍(she)人(ren)、翰林學士承旨等職(zhi)。宣(xuan)和六(liu)年(nian)(1124)官(guan)至(zhi)尚書(shu)右(you)丞。后(hou)出(chu)為地方官(guan)。南宋初知濮州時(shi)被俘,金人(ren)嘉其忠義放歸(gui),乃以光祿(lu)大(da)夫出(chu)知潼(tong)川府(fu)。紹(shao)興元年(nian)(1131)辭(ci)官(guan),以其弟宇(yu)文時(shi)中代理府(fu)事。從此閑(xian)居至(zhi)卒(zu)。
(1079-1146),金臣。字叔通,宇文粹中之(zhi)弟。
南宋臣。字挺臣,顯謨閣(ge)待(dai)(dai)(dai)制宇文(wen)師瑗養子。成都廣都(今(jin)四川雙流)人。初補官仕州縣(xian)。舉進士(shi)(shi)。累遷寶(bao)(bao)謨閣(ge)待(dai)(dai)(dai)制、知(zhi)廬州。時,韓侂(tuo)胄方議舉兵北伐。紹(shao)節致書侂(tuo)胄,認(ren)為有復仇之志,無復仇之略;有開邊之害,無開邊之利,不(bu)量國力,冒險進取。侂(tuo)胄見(jian)書不(bu)樂。召還,以寶(bao)(bao)文(wen)閣(ge)待(dai)(dai)(dai)制知(zhi)鎮江(jiang)府(fu)。除湖北京西(xi)宣撫使,知(zhi)江(jiang)陵府(fu)。統(tong)制官高悅肆(si)意殺(sha)掠,紹(shao)節召至(zhi),收(shou)其部曲(qu),旋有人控訴悅縱所部剽劫者,加以杖(zhang)殺(sha),兵民(min)皆(jie)歡(huan)喜(xi)。官至(zhi)端明殿學士(shi)(shi)、簽書樞密院事,卒。謚忠惠。
元(yuan)文(wen)學家。字子貞(zhen),成都(dou)人(ren),后徙吳興(xing)(今浙(zhe)江(jiang)湖州)。元(yuan)統進士。
其他宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓(xing)(xing)名人有晉宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)鮮卑(bei)族首領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫槐、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)莫廆、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)屈云、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)遜尼延(yan)(yan)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)乞(qi)得歸(gui)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)逸豆歸(gui);南北(bei)朝東魏(wei)史學(xue)家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)忠(zhong)之,西魏(wei)將(jiang)領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洛生、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)顥,北(bei)周大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)純、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)寔、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)興(xing)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)貞、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)賢、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)善,將(jiang)領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)亮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)延(yan)(yan)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)安慶、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)椿;隋大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)弼(bi)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)靜禮、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)皛(jiong)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)智及,將(jiang)領(ling)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)協;唐(tang)大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)穎、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)節;宋大臣(chen)(chen)宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)昌(chang)齡、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)常(chang),學(xue)者宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)紹奕(yi)、宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)懋昭等。近(jin)當代宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)姓(xing)(xing)名人有經濟學(xue)家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)舉,畫家宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)洲,歌唱演員宇(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)文(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)永清(qing)等
1940年(nian)生于(yu)吉林龍井,1958年(nian)考入(ru)東北師(shi)范大學美術系學習。1965年(nian)畢(bi)業(ye)分配到北京畫院工作(zuo)。作(zuo)品(pin)以(yi)青(qing)綠山水(shui)創作(zuo)為(wei)主。其創作(zuo)力求把(ba)水(shui)墨(mo)山水(shui)和重(zhong)彩青(qing)綠山水(shui)融為(wei)一體作(zuo)品(pin)構圖飽滿。氣勢雄偉。現為(wei)北京畫院專業(ye)畫家。國家一級美術師(shi)。北京中國畫研究(jiu)會會長。中國美術家協會會員。