《鳳還巢》為(wei)梅蘭(lan)芳根據清宮藏本《循環(huan)序》改編的(de)京(jing)劇(ju),原名(ming)《陰陽樹》,又名(ming)《丑配》,于1929年在北京(jing)首(shou)演。此(ci)劇(ju)情節(jie)巧(qiao)妙(miao),行當(dang)齊全,與清代傳(chuan)奇劇(ju)本《風箏誤》有異曲同工之(zhi)妙(miao)。雪娥的(de)幾大(da)段(duan)唱腔華麗(li)別(bie)致(zhi)、明快跌宕、如訴如歌,是梅派唱腔中廣為(wei)流傳(chuan)的(de)著名(ming)唱段(duan)。
明(ming)朝末(mo)年,侍郎程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)告老還鄉(xiang)。程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)生有二女:大女程(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)雁(yan)為(wei)(wei)夫人所(suo)生,貌奇(qi)丑且(qie)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)舉止粗魯;次女程(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)為(wei)(wei)側室所(suo)生,美貌聰(cong)明(ming),程(cheng)(cheng)愛之(zhi)如掌上(shang)明(ming)珠。程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)與宗皇(huang)朱(zhu)(zhu)渙(huan)然(ran)(ran)(ran)游春,遇故友(you)之(zhi)子穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)居易。程(cheng)(cheng)喜(xi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)居易翩(pian)翩(pian)少年,認為(wei)(wei)其前程(cheng)(cheng)看好,欲(yu)(yu)與雪(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)擇婿,夫人卻欲(yu)(yu)將雪(xue)雁(yan)許穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。程(cheng)(cheng)壽辰,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)來(lai)拜,留(liu)宿于書(shu)館(guan)。入夜(ye),夫人命己(ji)女雪(xue)雁(yan)冒雪(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)之(zhi)名去書(shu)館(guan)會穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)見(jian)其貌丑無(wu)比(bi),誤(wu)以為(wei)(wei)程(cheng)(cheng)騙婚,連夜(ye)逃(tao)去,途中(zhong)(zhong)遇到(dao)朱(zhu)(zhu)渙(huan)然(ran)(ran)(ran),朱(zhu)(zhu)贈穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)銀馬助其逃(tao)跑。程(cheng)(cheng)正憂穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)生去向不(bu)(bu)明(ming),適逢朝廷起用,只(zhi)好奉旨離(li)家出征。而垂涎雪(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)已(yi)久(jiu)(jiu)的皇(huang)族朱(zhu)(zhu)煥然(ran)(ran)(ran),得知穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)逃(tao)程(cheng)(cheng)去,乘機(ji)冒穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)名來(lai)程(cheng)(cheng)家迎娶雪(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)。夫人信(xin)以為(wei)(wei)真,即以雪(xue)雁(yan)代嫁。洞房(fang)(fang)中(zhong)(zhong),兩(liang)人發現全是冒名頂替(ti),雖(sui)后悔莫及,卻有苦(ku)難言,只(zhi)能將錯就錯。這(zhe)時,地方強盜作亂(luan),夫人去朱(zhu)(zhu)家避難,雪(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)因朱(zhu)(zhu)行(xing)為(wei)(wei)不(bu)(bu)端(duan)不(bu)(bu)肯(ken)隨夫人前往。不(bu)(bu)久(jiu)(jiu),程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)(pu)平定賊寇,接(jie)雪(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)至軍(jun)中(zhong)(zhong)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)也(ye)從軍(jun)在此(ci)。程(cheng)(cheng)又重提婚姻,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)堅決拒婚:元帥洪功及周監(jian)軍(jun)強給主婚,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)不(bu)(bu)得已(yi)說明(ming)程(cheng)(cheng)女夤夜(ye)私入書(shu)館(guan)等情。程(cheng)(cheng)知穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)誤(wu)會,堅持完(wan)婚。洞房(fang)(fang)中(zhong)(zhong),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)見(jian)雪(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)貌美,確(que)非私入書(shu)房(fang)(fang)之(zhi)人,不(bu)(bu)由大喜(xi)。雪(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)卻因穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)拒婚,委屈非常,在穆(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)一再謝(xie)罪(zui)之(zhi)下,才(cai)轉悲(bei)為(wei)(wei)喜(xi),終諧伉(kang)儷(li)。朱(zhu)(zhu)渙(huan)然(ran)(ran)(ran)被劫(jie),攜程(cheng)(cheng)妻、雪(xue)雁(yan)來(lai)投,最終一家團聚。
2022年8月,京劇(ju)《鳳還(huan)巢》參加(jia)2022年戲(xi)曲(qu)(qu)百戲(xi)(昆山)盛典全國戲(xi)曲(qu)(qu)領軍人才優(you)秀(xiu)劇(ju)目展演。
2019年10月2日,由文化和旅游部、北京市人(ren)民政府主辦的(de)2019中國戲曲文化周2日在(zai)北京園(yuan)博園(yuan)開幕。梅(mei)派《鳳還巢(chao)》得到演出。
2021年12月14、15日,上海京劇院的《鳳還巢(chao)》將在湖南(nan)大劇院演出。