《鳳還巢》為(wei)梅蘭芳根據清宮藏本《循環序》改編的京劇(ju),原名(ming)(ming)《陰陽樹》,又名(ming)(ming)《丑(chou)配(pei)》,于1929年在北(bei)京首演。此劇(ju)情節巧妙(miao),行當齊全,與清代傳(chuan)奇劇(ju)本《風箏誤》有異曲同工之妙(miao)。雪娥(e)的幾大段(duan)唱(chang)腔(qiang)華麗別致、明快跌(die)宕、如訴(su)如歌,是(shi)梅派(pai)唱(chang)腔(qiang)中廣為(wei)流傳(chuan)的著名(ming)(ming)唱(chang)段(duan)。
明(ming)朝末年(nian),侍郎程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)告老還鄉。程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)生(sheng)有二女(nv)(nv):大女(nv)(nv)程(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁為(wei)(wei)夫(fu)人(ren)所(suo)生(sheng),貌奇(qi)丑(chou)(chou)且行為(wei)(wei)舉止(zhi)粗魯;次女(nv)(nv)程(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)為(wei)(wei)側室所(suo)生(sheng),美貌聰明(ming),程(cheng)(cheng)愛(ai)之(zhi)如掌上明(ming)珠。程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)與(yu)宗皇(huang)朱(zhu)渙(huan)然(ran)(ran)游春,遇故友之(zhi)子(zi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)居易。程(cheng)(cheng)喜穆(mu)(mu)(mu)居易翩(pian)翩(pian)少年(nian),認為(wei)(wei)其(qi)前(qian)程(cheng)(cheng)看(kan)好,欲與(yu)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)擇婿,夫(fu)人(ren)卻(que)欲將雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁許(xu)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)。程(cheng)(cheng)壽辰(chen),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)來(lai)(lai)拜,留宿于書(shu)館。入(ru)夜(ye)(ye),夫(fu)人(ren)命(ming)己女(nv)(nv)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁冒(mao)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)之(zhi)名(ming)去書(shu)館會穆(mu)(mu)(mu)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)見(jian)其(qi)貌丑(chou)(chou)無(wu)比,誤以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)程(cheng)(cheng)騙(pian)婚(hun),連夜(ye)(ye)逃(tao)(tao)去,途中(zhong)遇到朱(zhu)渙(huan)然(ran)(ran),朱(zhu)贈(zeng)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)銀馬(ma)助其(qi)逃(tao)(tao)跑。程(cheng)(cheng)正憂穆(mu)(mu)(mu)生(sheng)去向不明(ming),適逢(feng)朝廷起用,只好奉(feng)旨離家(jia)出(chu)征。而(er)垂(chui)涎雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)已久的皇(huang)族朱(zhu)煥(huan)然(ran)(ran),得知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)逃(tao)(tao)程(cheng)(cheng)去,乘機(ji)冒(mao)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)名(ming)來(lai)(lai)程(cheng)(cheng)家(jia)迎娶雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)。夫(fu)人(ren)信以(yi)(yi)為(wei)(wei)真,即以(yi)(yi)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁代嫁。洞(dong)房(fang)中(zhong),兩人(ren)發現全是冒(mao)名(ming)頂替,雖后悔莫及,卻(que)有苦難(nan)言,只能將錯就錯。這時,地(di)方強盜作亂,夫(fu)人(ren)去朱(zhu)家(jia)避(bi)難(nan),雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)因(yin)朱(zhu)行為(wei)(wei)不端不肯隨(sui)夫(fu)人(ren)前(qian)往。不久,程(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)平定賊寇,接雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)至軍中(zhong)。穆(mu)(mu)(mu)也從軍在(zai)此。程(cheng)(cheng)又重(zhong)提婚(hun)姻,穆(mu)(mu)(mu)堅決拒婚(hun):元帥洪功及周監(jian)軍強給主(zhu)婚(hun),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)不得已說明(ming)程(cheng)(cheng)女(nv)(nv)夤夜(ye)(ye)私入(ru)書(shu)館等情(qing)。程(cheng)(cheng)知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)誤會,堅持完婚(hun)。洞(dong)房(fang)中(zhong),穆(mu)(mu)(mu)見(jian)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)貌美,確非(fei)私入(ru)書(shu)房(fang)之(zhi)人(ren),不由大喜。雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)卻(que)因(yin)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)拒婚(hun),委屈非(fei)常,在(zai)穆(mu)(mu)(mu)一再謝(xie)罪之(zhi)下,才轉悲為(wei)(wei)喜,終諧伉儷(li)。朱(zhu)渙(huan)然(ran)(ran)被劫,攜程(cheng)(cheng)妻、雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁來(lai)(lai)投(tou),最終一家(jia)團聚。
2022年8月,京(jing)劇《鳳(feng)還巢》參加(jia)2022年戲曲(qu)百戲(昆山)盛(sheng)典全國戲曲(qu)領軍人才優秀劇目(mu)展演。
2019年10月(yue)2日,由文化和旅游部、北(bei)京(jing)市人民(min)政(zheng)府主辦的2019中(zhong)國戲曲文化周2日在北(bei)京(jing)園(yuan)博園(yuan)開幕。梅派《鳳還巢》得(de)到演(yan)出。
2021年(nian)12月(yue)14、15日,上海京(jing)劇(ju)院的《鳳還(huan)巢(chao)》將在湖南大劇(ju)院演出(chu)。