《鳳還巢》為梅(mei)蘭芳根據清(qing)宮藏本(ben)《循環序》改(gai)編的(de)京劇(ju),原名《陰(yin)陽樹(shu)》,又名《丑配》,于1929年在北京首演。此劇(ju)情節巧妙(miao),行當齊全,與清(qing)代傳奇劇(ju)本(ben)《風箏誤》有異曲同工(gong)之妙(miao)。雪(xue)娥的(de)幾大段唱(chang)腔(qiang)華(hua)麗別致、明快跌宕(dang)、如訴如歌,是梅(mei)派唱(chang)腔(qiang)中廣(guang)為流傳的(de)著名唱(chang)段。
明朝(chao)末年,侍郎程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)告老(lao)還鄉。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)生(sheng)有(you)二(er)女:大女程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)(yan)為(wei)夫人所(suo)生(sheng),貌(mao)奇丑且行為(wei)舉止(zhi)粗魯;次女程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)為(wei)側室所(suo)生(sheng),美貌(mao)聰明,程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)愛之如掌上(shang)明珠。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)與(yu)宗皇(huang)朱(zhu)(zhu)渙然(ran)游(you)春,遇故友之子穆(mu)(mu)居(ju)易。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)喜穆(mu)(mu)居(ju)易翩(pian)翩(pian)少年,認(ren)為(wei)其前程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)看好(hao),欲與(yu)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)擇婿,夫人卻(que)欲將(jiang)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)(yan)許穆(mu)(mu)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)壽辰(chen),穆(mu)(mu)來拜,留宿于(yu)書館(guan)(guan)。入夜,夫人命己女雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)(yan)冒雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)之名去書館(guan)(guan)會穆(mu)(mu)。穆(mu)(mu)見(jian)其貌(mao)丑無比(bi),誤以為(wei)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)騙婚(hun),連夜逃(tao)去,途(tu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)遇到朱(zhu)(zhu)渙然(ran),朱(zhu)(zhu)贈(zeng)穆(mu)(mu)銀(yin)馬助其逃(tao)跑。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)正憂穆(mu)(mu)生(sheng)去向不(bu)明,適逢朝(chao)廷(ting)起用,只好(hao)奉旨離(li)家(jia)出征。而垂涎雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)已(yi)久的皇(huang)族朱(zhu)(zhu)煥然(ran),得知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)逃(tao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)去,乘機冒穆(mu)(mu)名來程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)家(jia)迎娶雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)。夫人信以為(wei)真,即以雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)(yan)代嫁(jia)。洞房(fang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),兩(liang)人發現(xian)全是冒名頂替(ti),雖后悔莫及,卻(que)有(you)苦難言,只能(neng)將(jiang)錯就錯。這時,地方(fang)強(qiang)盜作亂,夫人去朱(zhu)(zhu)家(jia)避難,雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)因(yin)朱(zhu)(zhu)行為(wei)不(bu)端不(bu)肯隨夫人前往。不(bu)久,程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)浦(pu)平(ping)定賊(zei)寇,接雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)至軍(jun)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。穆(mu)(mu)也從軍(jun)在(zai)此(ci)。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又重提(ti)婚(hun)姻,穆(mu)(mu)堅(jian)決拒(ju)婚(hun):元(yuan)帥(shuai)洪功及周監軍(jun)強(qiang)給主婚(hun),穆(mu)(mu)不(bu)得已(yi)說明程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)女夤夜私(si)入書館(guan)(guan)等情。程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)知(zhi)穆(mu)(mu)誤會,堅(jian)持完婚(hun)。洞房(fang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),穆(mu)(mu)見(jian)雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)貌(mao)美,確非(fei)私(si)入書房(fang)之人,不(bu)由大喜。雪(xue)(xue)(xue)娥(e)(e)(e)(e)(e)卻(que)因(yin)穆(mu)(mu)拒(ju)婚(hun),委(wei)屈非(fei)常,在(zai)穆(mu)(mu)一再謝(xie)罪之下,才轉悲為(wei)喜,終(zhong)諧伉(kang)儷。朱(zhu)(zhu)渙然(ran)被(bei)劫,攜(xie)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)妻(qi)、雪(xue)(xue)(xue)雁(yan)(yan)來投,最(zui)終(zhong)一家(jia)團聚。
2022年(nian)8月(yue),京劇《鳳還巢》參加2022年(nian)戲(xi)曲百戲(xi)(昆(kun)山)盛(sheng)典全國戲(xi)曲領軍人才優秀劇目展演。
2019年10月2日,由(you)文化和(he)旅(lv)游部、北京(jing)市人民政府主辦的(de)2019中(zhong)國戲曲文化周2日在北京(jing)園(yuan)博園(yuan)開幕。梅派(pai)《鳳還巢》得到(dao)演出。
2021年(nian)12月14、15日,上海京劇院的《鳳還巢》將在湖南(nan)大劇院演出。