介紹
楚長城西起湖北省竹溪縣,跨漢水輾轉至河南的鄧州市,往北經內鄉縣(xian)(xian),再向東(dong)(dong)北經魯山(shan)縣(xian)(xian)、南召(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)、葉縣(xian)(xian),跨過沙河(he)直(zhi)達泌(mi)陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian),總(zong)長(chang)(chang)(chang)500多公里,是(shi)我國最早(zao)的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。最早(zao)修筑(zhu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)楚(chu)(chu)國。從現存遺址的(de)(de)(de)實際情(qing)況看,又較為(wei)復雜(za),楚(chu)(chu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)并不是(shi)單一的(de)(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)路,除北面南召(zhao)至魯兩縣(xian)(xian)間(jian)是(shi)單一線(xian)(xian)路外,東(dong)(dong)線(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)西線(xian)(xian)又各有內線(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)外線(xian)(xian),東(dong)(dong)西兩線(xian)(xian)形成四條線(xian)(xian)路。 確定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)楚(chu)(chu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻體(ti)30.51公里,被歷代(dai)破壞而(er)消失的(de)(de)(de)楚(chu)(chu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻體(ti)約25.37公里、山(shan)險81.34公里,共(gong)計137.22公里。此外,調查(cha)和(he)(he)發掘確定(ding)了方城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)大關口和(he)(he)泌(mi)陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)象河(he)關等(deng)楚(chu)(chu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)關堡2個,葉縣(xian)(xian)保安鎮前(qian)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、泌(mi)陽(yang)沙河(he)店古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、付莊(zhuang)古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等(deng)位于楚(chu)(chu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)線(xian)(xian)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址3個。通過此次調查(cha),目前(qian)已基本掌(zhang)握了平頂山(shan)市葉縣(xian)(xian)、舞鋼市、南陽(yang)市方城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)駐馬店市泌(mi)陽(yang)縣(xian)(xian)境(jing)內的(de)(de)(de)楚(chu)(chu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分布線(xian)(xian)路。
同地段的(de)(de)(de)楚長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)特點是(shi)不(bu)一樣的(de)(de)(de)。葉縣夏李鄉高(gao)樓山(shan)(shan)以東(dong)及方城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣楊樓鄉的(de)(de)(de)楚長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)特點一致,即以綿延幾十公里的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)工修筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)墻(qiang)體為(wei)主。舞鋼(gang)境內的(de)(de)(de)楚長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)則(ze)是(shi)山(shan)(shan)險和扼守山(shan)(shan)谷的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)工修筑(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)墻(qiang)體相結合,共同組成防(fang)(fang)御(yu)線。泌陽境內的(de)(de)(de)楚長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)則(ze)是(shi)以山(shan)(shan)險為(wei)主,以關堡或城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址扼守古(gu)道、關口為(wei)主的(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)御(yu)形式(shi)。