介紹
楚長城西起湖北省竹溪縣,跨漢水輾轉至河南的鄧州市,往北經內鄉縣(xian)(xian),再向東北經魯(lu)山縣(xian)(xian)、南(nan)召(zhao)縣(xian)(xian)、葉(xie)縣(xian)(xian),跨過沙(sha)河直達泌陽縣(xian)(xian),總長500多公里(li)(li),是(shi)我(wo)國最早的(de)(de)長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。最早修筑長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)是(shi)楚(chu)(chu)國。從現存遺址的(de)(de)實際(ji)情況看(kan),又(you)較為復(fu)雜(za),楚(chu)(chu)長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)并不是(shi)單一(yi)的(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu),除北面(mian)南(nan)召(zhao)至魯(lu)兩縣(xian)(xian)間是(shi)單一(yi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)外,東線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)西(xi)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)又(you)各有(you)內線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)外線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian),東西(xi)兩線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)形成四條線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)。 確定(ding)的(de)(de)楚(chu)(chu)長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)體(ti)(ti)30.51公里(li)(li),被歷代(dai)破壞而(er)消失(shi)的(de)(de)楚(chu)(chu)長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)墻(qiang)體(ti)(ti)約(yue)25.37公里(li)(li)、山險81.34公里(li)(li),共計137.22公里(li)(li)。此外,調查和(he)發掘確定(ding)了方城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)大(da)關口和(he)泌陽縣(xian)(xian)象(xiang)河關等(deng)楚(chu)(chu)長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)關堡2個(ge),葉(xie)縣(xian)(xian)保安(an)鎮前古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、泌陽沙(sha)河店古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、付莊古城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等(deng)位于(yu)楚(chu)(chu)長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)上的(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)址3個(ge)。通過此次調查,目前已基本掌握(wo)了平頂山市葉(xie)縣(xian)(xian)、舞鋼市、南(nan)陽市方城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)和(he)駐馬店市泌陽縣(xian)(xian)境內的(de)(de)楚(chu)(chu)長城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)分布(bu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路(lu)。
同(tong)(tong)地段的(de)(de)楚(chu)(chu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)特點(dian)是不一(yi)樣的(de)(de)。葉縣夏李(li)鄉高樓(lou)山以(yi)東及方城(cheng)(cheng)縣楊(yang)樓(lou)鄉的(de)(de)楚(chu)(chu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)特點(dian)一(yi)致,即以(yi)綿延幾十公里(li)的(de)(de)人工(gong)修筑的(de)(de)墻體為主。舞鋼(gang)境內的(de)(de)楚(chu)(chu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)則(ze)是山險和(he)扼守山谷的(de)(de)人工(gong)修筑的(de)(de)墻體相結(jie)合,共同(tong)(tong)組成防御(yu)線。泌陽境內的(de)(de)楚(chu)(chu)長(chang)(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)則(ze)是以(yi)山險為主,以(yi)關(guan)(guan)堡或城(cheng)(cheng)址扼守古(gu)道、關(guan)(guan)口為主的(de)(de)防御(yu)形式。