景點介紹
湖北(bei)(bei)五峰(feng)后河(he)天門峽(xia)位于湖北(bei)(bei)省西(xi)南部(bu)神奇北(bei)(bei)緯30°線上,地屬湖北(bei)(bei)省宜(yi)昌(chang)市(shi)五峰(feng)縣(xian)境(jing)內(nei),距五峰(feng)縣(xian)城(cheng)20公(gong)里(li),總面積103.40 平方公(gong)里(li),擴(kuo)展區(qu)(qu)409平方公(gong)里(li)。五峰(feng)后河(he)天門峽(xia)于1985年3月(yue)經原宜(yi)昌(chang)地區(qu)(qu)行署批(pi)準(zhun)(zhun)建立(li),1988年6月(yue)經省政府批(pi)準(zhun)(zhun)升格為(wei)(wei)省級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu),2000年4月(yue)經國務院批(pi)準(zhun)(zhun)晉升為(wei)(wei)國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu)。五峰(feng)后河(he)天門峽(xia)是湖北(bei)(bei)繼神農架(jia)之后的(de)第二(er)個(ge)國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu),為(wei)(wei)宜(yi)昌(chang)市(shi)唯(wei)一一個(ge)森林(lin)生態系統類型(xing)國家(jia)(jia)級(ji)自(zi)然保(bao)護(hu)區(qu)(qu),是國家(jia)(jia)確定的(de)華南虎放歸自(zi)然項目的(de)首選區(qu)(qu)域。
后河(he)天門峽主要保(bao)(bao)護對象為(wei):中(zhong)亞(ya)熱帶森林生(sheng)態(tai)系統及(ji)其(qi)生(sheng)物(wu)多樣性;珍稀瀕危野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)植(zhi)物(wu)資(zi)源及(ji)其(qi)棲(qi)息(xi)地,特別(bie)是稀有(you)(you)(you)(you)珍貴(gui)樹種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群(qun)(qun)落及(ji)華南虎、豹(bao)、黑麂等國(guo)(guo)際極(ji)度瀕危動(dong)(dong)物(wu)及(ji)棲(qi)息(xi)地;不同自(zi)(zi)然(ran)地帶的典(dian)型(xing)自(zi)(zi)然(ran)景觀等。根據《中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)被》的分類原則(ze),后河(he)天門峽自(zi)(zi)然(ran)植(zhi)被共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)溫性針(zhen)葉林、暖性針(zhen)葉林等11個植(zhi)被類型(xing),45個群(qun)(qun)系49個群(qun)(qun)叢。現已查明后河(he)天門峽內有(you)(you)(you)(you)維管(guan)束植(zhi)物(wu)233科852屬2292種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)湖北(bei)省植(zhi)物(wu)總(zong)數(shu)的73%,占(zhan)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)物(wu)總(zong)數(shu)的33%。屬國(guo)(guo)家重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護植(zhi)物(wu)25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),其(qi)中(zhong)屬國(guo)(guo)家Ⅰ級保(bao)(bao)護的有(you)(you)(you)(you)珙桐、鐘萼(e)木、銀杏等7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);國(guo)(guo)家Ⅱ級保(bao)(bao)護有(you)(you)(you)(you)黃杉、水青樹、鵝掌楸、紅(hong)椿、櫸(ju)樹等18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。后河(he)天門峽內共(gong)有(you)(you)(you)(you)陸生(sheng)野生(sheng)脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)307種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)湖北(bei)省總(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)的47.2%,其(qi)中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)家重點(dian)保(bao)(bao)護野生(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)57種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),占(zhan)湖北(bei)省總(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)的45.5%。國(guo)(guo)家Ⅰ級保(bao)(bao)護動(dong)(dong)物(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)金錢豹(bao)、云豹(bao)、林麝、金雕(diao)等6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong);國(guo)(guo)家Ⅱ保(bao)(bao)護動(dong)(dong)物(wu)有(you)(you)(you)(you)獼(mi)猴、黑熊(xiong)、斑羚、紅(hong)腹(fu)錦雞等51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。