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景點介紹

湖(hu)北(bei)五(wu)峰后(hou)河(he)天(tian)門峽(xia)位于湖(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)西南部神奇北(bei)緯30°線上，地(di)屬湖(hu)北(bei)省(sheng)宜昌市(shi)五(wu)峰縣境(jing)內，距五(wu)峰縣城(cheng)20公里，總面積(ji)103.40 平方公里，擴展區(qu)(qu)409平方公里。五(wu)峰后(hou)河(he)天(tian)門峽(xia)于1985年(nian)(nian)3月經原宜昌地(di)區(qu)(qu)行署(shu)批準(zhun)建立，1988年(nian)(nian)6月經省(sheng)政府批準(zhun)升格(ge)為省(sheng)級自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)，2000年(nian)(nian)4月經國務院(yuan)批準(zhun)晉升為國家級自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)。五(wu)峰后(hou)河(he)天(tian)門峽(xia)是(shi)(shi)湖(hu)北(bei)繼神農架之后(hou)的(de)第(di)二個國家級自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)，為宜昌市(shi)唯一(yi)一(yi)個森林生態(tai)系(xi)統類型國家級自(zi)然(ran)保護(hu)區(qu)(qu)，是(shi)(shi)國家確定(ding)的(de)華南虎放歸自(zi)然(ran)項(xiang)目的(de)首選(xuan)區(qu)(qu)域。

后(hou)河(he)(he)天門峽主要保(bao)護對象為：中亞熱(re)帶森(sen)林生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)系(xi)統及其(qi)生(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)多樣性(xing)；珍(zhen)稀瀕(bin)危野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)資源及其(qi)棲息地(di)，特(te)別(bie)是(shi)稀有(you)(you)珍(zhen)貴(gui)樹種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)群落(luo)及華南虎、豹(bao)、黑(hei)麂等(deng)國(guo)(guo)際極(ji)度瀕(bin)危動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)及棲息地(di)；不同自然地(di)帶的典型自然景(jing)觀等(deng)。根(gen)據《中國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)被》的分類(lei)原則(ze)，后(hou)河(he)(he)天門峽自然植(zhi)(zhi)被共有(you)(you)溫(wen)性(xing)針葉林、暖性(xing)針葉林等(deng)11個(ge)植(zhi)(zhi)被類(lei)型，45個(ge)群系(xi)49個(ge)群叢。現已查明(ming)后(hou)河(he)(he)天門峽內有(you)(you)維管束植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)233科(ke)852屬(shu)2292種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)湖(hu)(hu)北(bei)(bei)省植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)數(shu)的73%，占(zhan)中國(guo)(guo)植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)總(zong)(zong)(zong)數(shu)的33%。屬(shu)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重點(dian)保(bao)護植(zhi)(zhi)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)25種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，其(qi)中屬(shu)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)Ⅰ級保(bao)護的有(you)(you)珙桐、鐘萼(e)木、銀(yin)杏等(deng)7種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)Ⅱ級保(bao)護有(you)(you)黃杉、水青樹、鵝掌楸、紅椿、櫸樹等(deng)18種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。后(hou)河(he)(he)天門峽內共有(you)(you)陸(lu)生(sheng)(sheng)野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)脊椎動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)307種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)湖(hu)(hu)北(bei)(bei)省總(zong)(zong)(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)的47.2%，其(qi)中國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)重點(dian)保(bao)護野(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)57種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，占(zhan)湖(hu)(hu)北(bei)(bei)省總(zong)(zong)(zong)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)的45.5%。國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)Ⅰ級保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)金(jin)錢豹(bao)、云豹(bao)、林麝、金(jin)雕等(deng)6種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)；國(guo)(guo)家(jia)(jia)Ⅱ保(bao)護動(dong)(dong)物(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)有(you)(you)獼猴、黑(hei)熊、斑羚、紅腹錦雞等(deng)51種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。