伊寧縣現(xian)代農(nong)業科技示范園(yuan)位于薩地克于孜鄉(xiang)東部,占地5323畝,包括(kuo)核(he)(he)(he)心區(qu)和產業區(qu)。核(he)(he)(he)心區(qu)又(you)分為現(xian)代設施農(nong)業區(qu)和大田(tian)試驗區(qu)。4月29日(ri),記(ji)者慕名走進(jin)了這(zhe)座充滿(man)現(xian)代氣息的(de)園(yuan)區(qu)。在(zai)核(he)(he)(he)心區(qu)設施農(nong)業示范區(qu),一(yi)排排推筑式(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)拱雙(shuang)膜(mo)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室一(yi)字排開,遠處田(tian)野里(li)的(de)秧苗正在(zai)吐綠。進(jin)入右側(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)潤、明(ming)亮的(de)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室內,映入眼簾(lian)的(de)是(shi)排列整齊的(de)盆栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)圣女果,綠油油的(de)秧藤(teng)下掛滿(man)了未成(cheng)熟的(de)果實。左側(ce)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室則是(shi)用鋼(gang)架搭建(jian)的(de)陰陽式(shi)(shi)雙(shuang)層(ceng)膜(mo)拱形溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室,其(qi)空間(jian)高達(da)5米(mi),不僅采光充足,而且保溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)節(jie)(jie)能。溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室內栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)著十余種(zhong)南方(fang)的(de)花卉和無土栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)的(de)芹菜。這(zhe)些扎根(gen)在(zai)塑料(liao)管液中的(de)芹菜生(sheng)長得翠綠茁(zhuo)壯,一(yi)根(gen)15厘米(mi)粗的(de)塑料(liao)管上大約栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)種(zhong)了30余棵,分5層(ceng)斜著立在(zai)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室墻邊,形成(cheng)立體栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)模式(shi)(shi)。園(yuan)區(qu)負責人趙振華告訴記(ji)者:“這(zhe)是(shi)用配好(hao)的(de)植物營養液栽(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)培(pei)的(de)蔬(shu)菜,是(shi)試驗性的(de),現(xian)在(zai)長得很好(hao),如果推廣得好(hao),可(ke)以節(jie)(jie)省溫(wen)(wen)(wen)(wen)室空間(jian)、提高利用率。”
進入推(tui)筑式雙(shuang)(shuang)拱雙(shuang)(shuang)膜(mo)溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi),綠色瓜秧下掛(gua)滿(man)了即將采摘的(de)水(shui)(shui)果(guo)(guo)黃瓜。溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)進門處(chu)則(ze)是一座(zuo)過濾殺(sha)菌(jun)水(shui)(shui)池(chi),頂(ding)棚上吊著十(shi)余(yu)只紫外線殺(sha)蟲燈(deng)。有兩位工作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)正在(zai)采摘成熟的(de)水(shui)(shui)果(guo)(guo)黃瓜。記者感受(shou)頗(po)深的(de)是:與其他(ta)普(pu)通溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)大棚內(nei)混濁沉悶的(de)空氣有很(hen)大不(bu)(bu)同,這(zhe)(zhe)類溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)采用的(de)是物(wu)理殺(sha)菌(jun)法,即通過紫外線物(wu)理殺(sha)蟲、硫黃熏蒸器(qi),達到了滅菌(jun)除蟲的(de)效果(guo)(guo),根本(ben)不(bu)(bu)需要(yao)施(shi)用農藥,也聞不(bu)(bu)到任何異味(wei)。據工作(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)介紹,這(zhe)(zhe)種推(tui)筑式雙(shuang)(shuang)拱雙(shuang)(shuang)膜(mo)溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi),背陰處(chu)的(de)墻體底部(bu)厚達8米、中部(bu)6米,陽面塑料膜(mo)為雙(shuang)(shuang)層(ceng)膜(mo),因儲溫(wen)性能好,無需人(ren)工增溫(wen)就(jiu)可(ke)實現冬季蔬菜(cai)生(sheng)產(chan),其保溫(wen)節能性非常明(ming)顯,在(zai)伊(yi)犁河谷發展無公害(hai)蔬菜(cai),這(zhe)(zhe)類溫(wen)室(shi)(shi)(shi)極(ji)有推(tui)廣(guang)意義。
在核心區北(bei)面的(de)(de)林果(guo)科技示(shi)范園(yuan),則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是一座(zuo)造型(xing)(xing)(xing)如(ru)(ru)鳥(niao)巢(chao)的(de)(de)半(ban)球體溫(wen)室(shi)。這(zhe)(zhe)座(zuo)造型(xing)(xing)(xing)獨特的(de)(de)全鋼(gang)(gang)架溫(wen)室(shi),采用(yong)鳥(niao)類筑巢(chao)式三角交叉(cha)法,參照蜂巢(chao)六角加固的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)(xing)式建造而成,被稱為“林果(guo)科技示(shi)范巢(chao)”,其(qi)直徑50.5米、高度16.8米,占(zhan)地(di)2000平方米,保溫(wen)系統使用(yong)雙層(ceng)膜采光吸熱。因采用(yong)三角架和(he)半(ban)球體形(xing)(xing)(xing)式,既能抗(kang)風抗(kang)壓又(you)能提高空間利用(yong)率,是目前巨(ju)型(xing)(xing)(xing)溫(wen)室(shi)普遍采用(yong)的(de)(de)新技術。走進園(yuan)內,記者首先看到的(de)(de)是一座(zuo)塔形(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)架聳立(li)在鳥(niao)巢(chao)中(zhong)(zhong)心,鋼(gang)(gang)架從下(xia)到上擺(bai)滿了(le)各種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)果(guo)樹(shu)苗木,鋼(gang)(gang)架中(zhong)(zhong)心的(de)(de)旋轉梯(ti)(ti)下(xia)有(you)一處清(qing)澈的(de)(de)水池,四周(zhou)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)是梯(ti)(ti)形(xing)(xing)(xing)架子,架子上擺(bai)放著(zhu)上百種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)盆(pen)栽袋植的(de)(de)樹(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),地(di)下(xia)則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)栽種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)著(zhu)草莓。其(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)盆(pen)栽的(de)(de)樹(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)許多是從其(qi)他省區和(he)國(guo)(guo)外引進的(de)(de)新、優、特樹(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。如(ru)(ru)早(zao)熟黑桃、中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)糖(tang)桃、風味皇后(hou)李、美國(guo)(guo)蛇(she)李等稀有(you)品種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。據了(le)解,這(zhe)(zhe)座(zuo)示(shi)范巢(chao)每年可(ke)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植培育2300盆(pen)各類樹(shu)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),加上花卉(hui)能栽培4000盆(pen)。如(ru)(ru)立(li)體栽培草莓則(ze)(ze)(ze)(ze)能栽種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)4000株(zhu),產量能達到2噸;如(ru)(ru)果(guo)培育盆(pen)景果(guo)樹(shu),至(zhi)少可(ke)培育1000余(yu)(yu)株(zhu),可(ke)收入20余(yu)(yu)萬(wan)元。