故居特點
張樂行(xing)故居屬清式四(si)合院(yuan),松柏掩映,有合瓦(wa)瓦(wa)房16間,其中前排(pai)堂層5間,后客廳(ting)5間,東西(xi)廂房各3間。客廳(ting)重梁(liang)起架,雕(diao)梁(liang)畫棟(dong),明柱走廊,花格門窗,建筑雄偉。安徽省重點文物保護單(dan)位。
紀念人物
姓名(ming) 張(zhang)樂行 性別 男 民族(zu) 漢族(zu) 籍貫(guan) 安(an)徽亳州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)雉河(he)(he)集(ji)(今渦陽) 出生年(nian)(nian)(nian)月(yue)(yue) 1811年(nian)(nian)(nian) 犧牲日期 1863年(nian)(nian)(nian)04月(yue)(yue)05日 出身于(yu)(yu)(yu)地主家(jia)庭。早年(nian)(nian)(nian)開糟坊、糧行、賭局,又(you)結(jie)黨販運私(si)鹽做(zuo)“鹽趟主”。在(zai)(zai)販運私(si)鹽時(shi),常與官府發(fa)(fa)生矛盾,遂集(ji)眾成(cheng)(cheng)捻(nian)(nian)(nian),進行自衛,并支(zhi)持(chi)農民抗糧、抗差、吃大戶的(de)(de)斗(dou)爭。1853年(nian)(nian)(nian)聯合龔(gong)(gong)得(de)樹(shu)(shu)聚眾萬余人(ren)圍攻(gong)河(he)(he)南(nan)永(yong)城,劫獄救囚,聲勢漸(jian)大。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue),與永(yong)、毫(hao)一(yi)帶馮金標、張(zhang)鳳山等18股捻(nian)(nian)(nian)首在(zai)(zai)雉河(he)(he)集(ji)歃(sha)血為(wei)(wei)盟,被(bei)(bei)推為(wei)(wei)盟主,樹(shu)(shu)黃旗(qi)起義,號稱“十八鋪聚義”,成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)(wei)初期捻(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)首領(ling)(ling)(ling)。1853年(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)(bei)清軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)招(zhao)撫。1854年(nian)(nian)(nian)與龔(gong)(gong)得(de)樹(shu)(shu)、蘇天(tian)福(fu)再舉義旗(qi),控(kong)制淮(huai)(huai)(huai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)廣(guang)大地區(qu)。1855年(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue),永(yong)、亳及附近(jin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)縣(xian)各捻(nian)(nian)(nian)會(hui)盟于(yu)(yu)(yu)雉河(he)(he)集(ji),被(bei)(bei)推為(wei)(wei)首領(ling)(ling)(ling),稱“大漢明命(ming)王”,建(jian)黃、白、紅、黑、藍五旗(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)制,各路(lu)捻(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)俱聽調(diao)遣,并兼領(ling)(ling)(ling)黃旗(qi)。還發(fa)(fa)布告示(shi)和《行軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)條(tiao)例》,使捻(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)有了統一(yi)的(de)(de)組織和領(ling)(ling)(ling)導。捻(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)(yu)(yu)此正式(shi)起義,派(pai)兵四出攻(gong)打附近(jin)州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)縣(xian),控(kong)制區(qu)域(yu)南(nan)至(zhi)潁上、霍丘(qiu),北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)抵江蘇蕭山、碭縣(xian),東接懷遠(yuan),西連(lian)河(he)(he)南(nan)歸德(de)府。1856年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)19日,雉河(he)(he)集(ji)失陷,率部南(nan)撤。7月(yue)(yue)16日,攻(gong)克淮(huai)(huai)(huai)河(he)(he)上游重鎮三河(he)(he)尖(jian)。旋(xuan)回軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)上,于(yu)(yu)(yu)8月(yue)(yue)24日奪回雉河(he)(he)集(ji)。1857年(nian)(nian)(nian)與太平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)、李(li)秀(xiu)成(cheng)(cheng)部會(hui)師于(yu)(yu)(yu)霍丘(qiu)、六安(an)交界處(chu),接受太平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)天(tian)國(guo)(guo)領(ling)(ling)(ling)導,受封為(wei)(wei)“征北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)主將”。從(cong)此,捻(nian)(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)一(yi)律(lv)蓄發(fa)(fa),改換太平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)天(tian)國(guo)(guo)旗(qi)幟(zhi)。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)13日,退至(zhi)六安(an)。1858年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)下旬率兵北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)上,經正陽關、峽石口,占領(ling)(ling)(ling)懷遠(yuan)、臨淮(huai)(huai)(huai)和鳳陽府縣(xian)兩城,控(kong)制淮(huai)(huai)(huai)河(he)(he)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)交通,斷絕清淮(huai)(huai)(huai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)鹽運。11月(yue)(yue)與廬州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)太平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)南(nan)下,配合陳(chen)(chen)(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)、李(li)秀(xiu)成(cheng)(cheng)指揮的(de)(de)三河(he)(he)之(zhi)役,大敗湘軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)夏,派(pai)龔(gong)(gong)得(de)樹(shu)(shu)領(ling)(ling)(ling)兵渡淮(huai)(huai)(huai)河(he)(he),聯合太平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)天(tian)國(guo)(guo)廬州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)守軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)吳(wu)如(ru)孝部攻(gong)克懷遠(yuan),自此兩軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)占領(ling)(ling)(ling)地區(qu)聯為(wei)(wei)一(yi)片。11月(yue)(yue)南(nan)退定遠(yuan)。1860年(nian)(nian)(nian)指揮張(zhang)宗禹率主力3萬余人(ren)出征蘇北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)敵后,占領(ling)(ling)(ling)清江浦(今淮(huai)(huai)(huai)陰(yin)),被(bei)(bei)太平(ping)(ping)(ping)(ping)天(tian)國(guo)(guo)封為(wei)(wei)沃王。1861年(nian)(nian)(nian)冬進駐潁上。1862年(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue),與陳(chen)(chen)(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)所派(pai)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)得(de)才、賴文光部合攻(gong)潁州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)府(今阜陽)。5月(yue)(yue)陳(chen)(chen)(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)被(bei)(bei)俘,率孤軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)在(zai)(zai)淮(huai)(huai)(huai)河(he)(he)南(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)(bei)堅(jian)持(chi)斗(dou)爭。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)再退雉河(he)(he)集(ji),扼守尹家(jia)河(he)(he)。3月(yue)(yue)23日,率20萬大軍(jun)(jun)(jun)(jun)與僧格(ge)林沁決戰(zhan),戰(zhan)敗后退至(zhi)西陽集(ji),因叛徒出賣被(bei)(bei)俘。4月(yue)(yue)5日,在(zai)(zai)亳州(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)義門(men)集(ji)附近(jin)周家(jia)營被(bei)(bei)害(hai)。