故居特點
張樂(le)行故居屬清式(shi)四合(he)院,松柏掩映,有合(he)瓦瓦房(fang)16間(jian),其中前(qian)排堂層5間(jian),后客廳5間(jian),東西廂(xiang)房(fang)各3間(jian)。客廳重(zhong)(zhong)梁(liang)起(qi)架,雕(diao)梁(liang)畫棟(dong),明柱走(zou)廊,花格門窗(chuang),建筑雄(xiong)偉。安(an)徽(hui)省重(zhong)(zhong)點文物保護單位。
紀念人物
姓名(ming) 張(zhang)樂行(xing) 性別 男 民族 漢族 籍貫(guan) 安(an)徽亳州(zhou)雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)集(ji)(今(jin)渦(wo)陽(yang)) 出(chu)生年(nian)(nian)(nian)月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue) 1811年(nian)(nian)(nian) 犧(xi)牲日(ri)期 1863年(nian)(nian)(nian)04月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)05日(ri) 出(chu)身于(yu)地(di)(di)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)家(jia)庭。早年(nian)(nian)(nian)開糟坊、糧行(xing)、賭局,又結黨(dang)販運(yun)私(si)鹽(yan)(yan)做“鹽(yan)(yan)趟主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)”。在販運(yun)私(si)鹽(yan)(yan)時,常與(yu)官(guan)府發(fa)生矛盾,遂集(ji)眾成(cheng)捻(nian)(nian),進(jin)行(xing)自衛,并支持(chi)農民抗(kang)糧、抗(kang)差、吃大(da)(da)戶的斗爭(zheng)。1853年(nian)(nian)(nian)聯合龔得(de)(de)樹(shu)聚眾萬余(yu)人圍(wei)攻(gong)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)永城(cheng)(cheng),劫獄救囚,聲勢漸大(da)(da)。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),與(yu)永、毫一(yi)帶馮金標、張(zhang)鳳(feng)山等18股(gu)捻(nian)(nian)首在雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)集(ji)歃血為(wei)盟,被(bei)推(tui)為(wei)盟主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu),樹(shu)黃(huang)旗(qi)(qi)起(qi)義(yi),號(hao)稱“十八鋪聚義(yi)”,成(cheng)為(wei)初期捻(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)首領(ling)。1853年(nian)(nian)(nian)被(bei)清軍(jun)(jun)(jun)招撫。1854年(nian)(nian)(nian)與(yu)龔得(de)(de)樹(shu)、蘇天(tian)(tian)福再舉義(yi)旗(qi)(qi),控制(zhi)(zhi)淮(huai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)廣大(da)(da)地(di)(di)區(qu)。1855年(nian)(nian)(nian)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),永、亳及附近(jin)州(zhou)縣各捻(nian)(nian)會(hui)盟于(yu)雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)集(ji),被(bei)推(tui)為(wei)首領(ling),稱“大(da)(da)漢明命(ming)王”,建黃(huang)、白、紅、黑、藍五旗(qi)(qi)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)制(zhi)(zhi),各路捻(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)俱聽調遣,并兼領(ling)黃(huang)旗(qi)(qi)。還發(fa)布(bu)告示(shi)和《行(xing)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)條例(li)》,使捻(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)有了統一(yi)的組織和領(ling)導。捻(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)于(yu)此(ci)正(zheng)(zheng)式起(qi)義(yi),派(pai)兵(bing)四出(chu)攻(gong)打附近(jin)州(zhou)縣,控制(zhi)(zhi)區(qu)域南(nan)(nan)至潁(ying)上(shang)(shang)、霍(huo)(huo)丘,北(bei)(bei)(bei)抵江(jiang)(jiang)蘇蕭(xiao)山、碭縣,東(dong)接懷遠(yuan),西連河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)歸德(de)府。1856年(nian)(nian)(nian)6月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)19日(ri),雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)集(ji)失(shi)陷,率部(bu)南(nan)(nan)撤。7月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)16日(ri),攻(gong)克淮(huai)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)上(shang)(shang)游(you)重鎮(zhen)三(san)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)尖。旋回軍(jun)(jun)(jun)北(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)(shang),于(yu)8月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)24日(ri)奪回雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)集(ji)。1857年(nian)(nian)(nian)與(yu)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)陳(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成(cheng)、李秀成(cheng)部(bu)會(hui)師于(yu)霍(huo)(huo)丘、六安(an)交界處,接受太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)天(tian)(tian)國領(ling)導,受封為(wei)“征(zheng)北(bei)(bei)(bei)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)將”。從此(ci),捻(nian)(nian)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)一(yi)律蓄發(fa),改換太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)天(tian)(tian)國旗(qi)(qi)幟。同年(nian)(nian)(nian)10月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)13日(ri),退至六安(an)。1858年(nian)(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)下(xia)旬率兵(bing)北(bei)(bei)(bei)上(shang)(shang),經正(zheng)(zheng)陽(yang)關、峽石口,占領(ling)懷遠(yuan)、臨淮(huai)和鳳(feng)陽(yang)府縣兩城(cheng)(cheng),控制(zhi)(zhi)淮(huai)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)的交通,斷絕(jue)清淮(huai)北(bei)(bei)(bei)鹽(yan)(yan)運(yun)。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)與(yu)廬州(zhou)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)南(nan)(nan)下(xia),配合陳(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成(cheng)、李秀成(cheng)指揮的三(san)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)之役,大(da)(da)敗(bai)湘軍(jun)(jun)(jun)。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)夏(xia),派(pai)龔得(de)(de)樹(shu)領(ling)兵(bing)渡淮(huai)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he),聯合太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)天(tian)(tian)國廬州(zhou)守軍(jun)(jun)(jun)吳如孝部(bu)攻(gong)克懷遠(yuan),自此(ci)兩軍(jun)(jun)(jun)占領(ling)地(di)(di)區(qu)聯為(wei)一(yi)片。11月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)南(nan)(nan)退定遠(yuan)。1860年(nian)(nian)(nian)指揮張(zhang)宗禹率主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)力3萬余(yu)人出(chu)征(zheng)蘇北(bei)(bei)(bei)敵后(hou)(hou),占領(ling)清江(jiang)(jiang)浦(今(jin)淮(huai)陰),被(bei)太(tai)(tai)(tai)平(ping)天(tian)(tian)國封為(wei)沃王。1861年(nian)(nian)(nian)冬(dong)進(jin)駐(zhu)潁(ying)上(shang)(shang)。1862年(nian)(nian)(nian)2月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue),與(yu)陳(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成(cheng)所派(pai)陳(chen)得(de)(de)才、賴(lai)文光部(bu)合攻(gong)潁(ying)州(zhou)府(今(jin)阜陽(yang))。5月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)陳(chen)玉(yu)(yu)成(cheng)被(bei)俘,率孤(gu)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)在淮(huai)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)南(nan)(nan)北(bei)(bei)(bei)堅(jian)持(chi)斗爭(zheng)。次年(nian)(nian)(nian)再退雉(zhi)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)集(ji),扼守尹(yin)家(jia)河(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)。3月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)23日(ri),率20萬大(da)(da)軍(jun)(jun)(jun)與(yu)僧格林沁決戰(zhan),戰(zhan)敗(bai)后(hou)(hou)退至西陽(yang)集(ji),因叛徒出(chu)賣被(bei)俘。4月(yue)(yue)(yue)(yue)5日(ri),在亳州(zhou)義(yi)門(men)集(ji)附近(jin)周家(jia)營被(bei)害。