望叢(cong)(cong)祠(ci)坐西向東,建(jian)筑(zhu)風格不同于一(yi)般(ban)祠(ci)廟,原祠(ci)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)按浙江省紹(shao)興市會稽山禹陵規劃(hua)而(er)(er)建(jian),因為是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)祠(ci)祭二(er)主,所以祠(ci)門(men)不是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)單(dan)開單(dan)向,而(er)(er)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對稱地開為南(nan)北(bei)二(er)門(men)。大門(men)后(hou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)照壁,照壁南(nan)北(bei)兩側各(ge)開相對的(de)院門(men),通往兩個(ge)園(yuan)區(qu)。南(nan)為子規園(yuan),北(bei)為漣漪園(yuan)。臨水就(jiu)勢(shi)建(jian)有“稻蓀樓”,“聽鵑樓”等樓臺(tai)亭閣。照壁后(hou)兩闕門(men)通過里間。闕門(men)后(hou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)望帝(di)叢(cong)(cong)帝(di)紀念(nian)(nian)館(guan),正(zheng)中是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)望帝(di)叢(cong)(cong)帝(di)的(de)青銅塑像。紀念(nian)(nian)館(guan)背后(hou)的(de)柏(bo)林(lin)之中,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)達15米的(de)望帝(di)陵。望帝(di)陵西面,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)郫縣博物(wu)(wu)館(guan)。望帝(di)叢(cong)(cong)帝(di)紀念(nian)(nian)館(guan)南(nan)面是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)聽鵑樓,也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)望叢(cong)(cong)大華玉器博物(wu)(wu)館(guan),再南(nan)為叢(cong)(cong)帝(di)陵。望叢(cong)(cong)祠(ci)內(nei),南(nan)北(bei)貫(guan)通著大片水域,這(zhe)就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)鱉靈湖。
祠內以望帝和(he)叢帝合葬墓地、祠宇為核心(xin),建有祠門(men)、照(zhao)壁、亭臺樓閣、池榭拱橋,以及(ji)子云亭、楊雄(xiong)墓和(he)杜(du)鵑(juan)城遺跡等景(jing)點。大殿中(zhong)不(bu)僅塑(su)有二人(ren)的(de)雕像,還有望叢祠歷史和(he)二帝的(de)展覽。
可在(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都茶店子車(che)(che)(che)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、金沙汽車(che)(che)(che)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都東站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)汽車(che)(che)(che)客運(yun)(yun)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)坐(zuo)長(chang)途車(che)(che)(che)到(dao)(dao)(dao)郫縣客運(yun)(yun)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan);或(huo)在(zai)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)都市區坐(zuo)地鐵2號線(犀浦方向),在(zai)犀浦站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)下車(che)(che)(che)換成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)720路(lu)。縣城內坐(zuo)715路(lu)、718路(lu)、720路(lu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)二環路(lu)望叢祠下車(che)(che)(che),或(huo)360路(lu)到(dao)(dao)(dao)望叢祠下車(che)(che)(che)。
成都(dou)市(shi)區走(zou)成都(dou)繞城高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su)→成灌高(gao)(gao)速(su)(su),從(cong)石家橋/郫縣西出口離開,經沿郫花路→望叢(cong)中路,即到。
二千七百年前的(de)西(xi)(xi)周末年,望(wang)帝(di)(di)杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)宇(yu)在(zai)郫(pi)縣(xian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立了蜀國第一(yi)個有文字記載的(de)首都(dou)杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鵑(juan)城(cheng)。相(xiang)(xiang)傳望(wang)帝(di)(di)杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)宇(yu)教民農耕(geng),又教巴族人(ren)務農,因此古時(shi)(shi)候四川人(ren)把杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)宇(yu)視為(wei)農神,春耕(geng)要先祭杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)宇(yu)。杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)宇(yu)晚年,成都(dou)平原(yuan)(yuan)洪水(shui)為(wei)患(huan)。杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)宇(yu)丞(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)鱉靈(ling)(ling)“決(jue)玉壘山(shan)以除水(shui)害”(玉壘山(shan)即(ji)都(dou)江(jiang)(jiang)堰(yan)寶瓶口那座山(shan))。杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)宇(yu)把帝(di)(di)位禪(chan)讓給鱉靈(ling)(ling),退隱西(xi)(xi)山(shan),時(shi)(shi)在(zai)春天(tian),蜀人(ren)思念他(ta),便把子規鳥(niao)叫(jiao)做(zuo)杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鵑(juan)鳥(niao),把山(shan)上春天(tian)開(kai)的(de)第一(yi)種紅花稱(cheng)為(wei)杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鵑(juan)花,說那是杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)宇(yu)在(zai)催促(cu)人(ren)們(men)春耕(geng)了。望(wang)帝(di)(di)祠(ci)(ci)原(yuan)(yuan)在(zai)都(dou)江(jiang)(jiang)堰(yan)的(de)二王(wang)(wang)廟(miao)(miao),南(nan)北朝才在(zai)郫(pi)縣(xian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)望(wang)叢祠(ci)(ci),北宋(song)趙(zhao)匡胤封李(li)冰為(wei)王(wang)(wang),在(zai)望(wang)帝(di)(di)祠(ci)(ci)遺址(zhi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)崇德祠(ci)(ci)祭祀李(li)冰。到元朝對李(li)冰父子都(dou)加封時(shi)(shi),這二王(wang)(wang)廟(miao)(miao)才開(kai)始沿襲(xi)下去。望(wang)叢二帝(di)(di)揚雄《蜀帝(di)(di)本紀》載:杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)于“代(dai)(dai)魚鳧為(wei)王(wang)(wang),徒(tu)都(dou)于郫(pi),即(ji)杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)鵑(juan)城(cheng)也。”約公元前6世(shi)紀,杜(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)宇(yu)作蜀王(wang)(wang),稱(cheng)望(wang)帝(di)(di)。當時(shi)(shi)岷(min)江(jiang)(jiang)洪水(shui)大發,淹沒川西(xi)(xi)平原(yuan)(yuan),望(wang)帝(di)(di)命丞(cheng)相(xiang)(xiang)鱉靈(ling)(ling)治水(shui),鱉靈(ling)(ling)劈開(kai)玉壘山(shan),鑿(zao)出寶瓶口,疏通岷(min)江(jiang)(jiang)之水(shui),變水(shui)患(huan)為(wei)水(shui)利(li),化西(xi)(xi)海為(wei)田(tian)疇(chou),使川西(xi)(xi)平原(yuan)(yuan)從魚鳧時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai)直入(ru)到農桑時(shi)(shi)代(dai)(dai),并且(qie)奠(dian)定了都(dou)江(jiang)(jiang)堰(yan)工程(cheng)的(de)基礎(chu)。后望(wang)帝(di)(di)退隱西(xi)(xi)山(shan),禪(chan)讓帝(di)(di)位于鱉靈(ling)(ling),稱(cheng)叢帝(di)(di),叢帝(di)(di)死后葬于今郫(pi)縣(xian)城(cheng)南(nan),后又建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)叢帝(di)(di)祠(ci)(ci),南(nan)朝齊(qi)明帝(di)(di)時(shi)(shi)又把望(wang)帝(di)(di)陵從灌縣(xian)遷(qian)至郫(pi)縣(xian)叢帝(di)(di)祠(ci)(ci),二陵一(yi)處,合(he)稱(cheng)望(wang)叢祠(ci)(ci)。
望叢祠還富含豐富的民俗文化內涵,每年清明前后這里都要舉行賽歌會。賽歌會規模宏大(da),人數眾多并且都是(shi)普(pu)通(tong)平(ping)民。而且這種傳統是(shi)起源于古代中國“杜鵑啼血”的故事。賽(sai)歌(ge)會規模(mo)宏大,人數(shu)眾(zhong)多(duo),參(can)賽(sai)者都是普通平民,帶著濃烈的(de)鄉土氣息,場(chang)面(mian)熱烈。賽(sai)歌(ge)會上人們(men)專(zhuan)往姑娘媳(xi)婦(fu)身上丟李(li)子,據說誰挨得多(duo)誰就生得多(duo)。有的(de)婆婆這一天就拉(la)了媳(xi)婦(fu)到望叢(cong)祠揀李(li)子。