簡要介紹
鶴(he)鳴(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan),為(wei)中國道教發源地(di),屬道教名(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)。北依青城山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(約(yue)(yue) 30公里),南鄰峨眉山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(約(yue)(yue)120公里),西(xi)接(jie)霧中山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(約(yue)(yue)10里),足抵川西(xi)平原(yuan),距成(cheng)都(dou)約(yue)(yue) 70公里。因山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)形(xing)似(si)鶴(he)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)藏石鶴(he)、山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)棲仙鶴(he)而得名(ming),為(wei)古代劍(jian)南四(si)大名(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)之一。這里山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)勢(shi)雄偉、林木(mu)繁茂,雙(shuang)澗環抱(bao),形(xing)如展翅欲(yu)飛的立(li)鶴(he);景區(qu)內松柏成(cheng)林,蒼翠欲(yu)滴,山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)澗溪流,泠(ling)然(ran)有(you)聲,是著名(ming)風(feng)景旅游區(qu)和避暑(shu)勝(sheng)地(di)。鶴(he)鳴(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)景區(qu)有(you)眾多的名(ming)勝(sheng)古跡。主要的景點有(you)三宮(gong)廟、文昌宮(gong)、太清宮(gong)、解元亭、八卦亭、迎仙閣(ge)以(yi)及建設中的“道源圣城”等。鶴(he)鳴(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)中還有(you)二(er)十(shi)四(si)個山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)洞(dong),明(ming)代曹學全(quan)《蜀中名(ming)勝(sheng)記》說“山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)有(you)二(er)十(shi)四(si)洞(dong),應二(er)十(shi)四(si)氣(qi)(五日為(wei)一候(hou),三候(hou)為(wei)一氣(qi))。洞(dong)口約(yue)(yue)闊三尺,深不可測(ce)。每(mei)過一氣(qi),則一洞(dong)竅開(kai),余皆不見”。故(gu)稱為(wei)二(er)十(shi)四(si)洞(dong)。鶴(he)鳴(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)道觀1985年(nian)被成(cheng)都(dou)市政府(fu)批(pi)準(zhun)為(wei)重(zhong)點文物(wu)保護單位,1987年(nian)又(you)被批(pi)準(zhun)為(wei)道教開(kai)放(fang)點。“中國道教文化(hua)節”也在鶴(he)鳴(ming)山(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)(shan)設立(li)了(le)會場。
主要景點
迎仙閣
迎仙閣(ge)兩邊(bian)聯題(ti)“人橋(qiao)同此(ci)心(xin)四(si)面顧瞻(zhan)一(yi)山鶴,草木并深意八方遮(zhe)護雙澗鱗”。迎仙閣(ge)為三重閣(ge)樓,三樓供(gong)(gong)奉太上老君,二(er)樓供(gong)(gong)奉靈主(zhu),一(yi)樓供(gong)(gong)奉青(qing)龍、白虎(hu)。
明洪武二十五年(nian),張(zhang)三(san)豐在勸說獻王(wang)朱(zhu)椿(chun)入(ru)道(dao)未(wei)成之(zhi)后,因慕(mu)張(zhang)道(dao)陵的(de)(de)仙績,前來鶴(he)(he)鳴(ming)(ming)山天谷(gu)洞煉丹修行。明代的(de)(de)皇帝(di)素有崇(chong)尚道(dao)家的(de)(de)傳(chuan)統,明成祖(zu)朱(zhu)棣就(jiu)是其中一(yi)位。永樂五年(nian),朱(zhu)棣聽聞(wen)張(zhang)三(san)豐在蜀地的(de)(de)鶴(he)(he)鳴(ming)(ming)山修道(dao),隨即遣派禮部尚書胡瀅前來鶴(he)(he)鳴(ming)(ming)山迎請(qing)。
張(zhang)(zhang)三豐(feng)避而(er)不見。無(wu)奈之下胡瀅只好(hao)苦(ku)苦(ku)守候(hou),直至后來埋骨鶴鳴山(shan)中。朱(zhu)棣并(bing)未灰(hui)心。數年后的(de)一(yi)個初(chu)春,朱(zhu)棣親手書寫了一(yi)道御旨交給龍虎山(shan)道士吳(wu)伯理,讓(rang)他繼續前往蜀中迎請(qing)張(zhang)(zhang)三豐(feng)。
然而,吳伯理也未見其蹤影(ying),只好(hao)在(zai)鶴鳴(ming)山的(de)山麓處(chu)修(xiu)建(jian)了(le)一(yi)座迎(ying)仙閣,以期能(neng)在(zai)某一(yi)天相遇。后(hou)來,一(yi)直隱遁(dun)不見的(de)張三豐在(zai)南(nan)巖的(de)石壁(bi)上留下了(le)“三豐隱者誰能(neng)尋,九室云崖深(shen)更深(shen)”的(de)詩句。
延祥觀
延(yan)祥觀兩(liang)邊古木參天,碑(bei)刻(ke)林(lin)立(li)(li)(li),有(you)道教(jiao)祖(zu)庭碑(bei),鶴鳴(ming)仙蹤碑(bei)、三(san)國志張魯(lu)傳(chuan)碑(bei)、華陽(yang)國志漢中(zhong)志碑(bei)、漢張陵(ling)畫(hua)像碑(bei)、八仙畫(hua)像碑(bei)、觀音畫(hua)像碑(bei)等。一些海(hai)內外信眾與道教(jiao)學(xue)者也在(zai)此立(li)(li)(li)碑(bei),有(you)1998年日本海(hai)外學(xue)術研(yan)究團登訪大邑(yi)鶴鳴(ming)山之碑(bei),香港(gang)羅智光所立(li)(li)(li)飛舞(wu)戀想鶴鳴(ming)碑(bei)等。
斗姥殿
斗姥(lao)殿供奉地姥(lao)、王姥(lao),左邊供奉日、月二光。
三圣宮
三(san)(san)(san)圣宮系香港(gang)飛雁洞(dong)佛道(dao)(dao)社觀主劉松飛捐資修建(jian),高十八米,上(shang)下二層(ceng),飛檐斗拱,立柱回廊,琉(liu)璃艷彩,顯得(de)十分(fen)富(fu)麗堂皇。殿內(nei)供(gong)奉道(dao)(dao)祖(zu)太(tai)(tai)上(shang)老君道(dao)(dao)德天尊、純陽帝君呂(lv)洞(dong)賓、太(tai)(tai)極祖(zu)師張三(san)(san)(san)豐,兩邊聯為原中國道(dao)(dao)教協會(hui)會(hui)長黎遇(yu)航(hang)所題:“鶴鳴九(jiu)霄(xiao)道(dao)(dao)興(xing)神州方士齊稽(ji)首,龍騰三(san)(san)(san)界靈(ling)顯大(da)地蒼生發善(shan)心”。殿外有張三(san)(san)(san)豐手植古柏一(yi)棵,樹(shu)圍(wei)三(san)(san)(san)米多(duo)長,有近千年的樹(shu)齡。
天師殿
為(wei)當地人士(shi)李耀亨(heng)捐資修(xiu)建。天師殿正(zheng)中扁(bian)題“道正(zheng)則(ze)興(xing)”,兩邊(bian)聯為(wei)“威威彩(cai)色(se)像(xiang)莊(zhuang)嚴(yan)宛(wan)若(ruo)傳經(jing)日,郁郁鶴鳴山仙(xian)境猶然興(xing)道時(shi)”,殿內正(zheng)中掛“萬法宗壇”幡,兩邊(bian)為(wei)“正(zheng)一元始大天尊張天師”幡。天師跏趺坐,身(shen)穿繪有(you)陰(yin)陽(yang)圖的(de)法服,頭披紅色(se)道巾,左(zuo)手(shou)持陽(yang)平治都(dou)公印,右手(shou)結訣。王長、馬武手(shou)持劍、符,護(hu)立兩旁。
上清宮
上(shang)(shang)(shang)清(qing)(qing)宮(gong)又(you)名老(lao)君殿,位于天柱峰頂(ding),前后兩殿,內供老(lao)君塑(su)像,后殿為經樓,門(men)上(shang)(shang)(shang)匾(bian)額寫有(you)“鶴(he)鳴化 ” 。北宋文學家、畫家、攝大(da)邑令文同曾游(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)清(qing)(qing)宮(gong),有(you)《題(ti)鶴(he)鳴化上(shang)(shang)(shang)清(qing)(qing)宮(gong)》、《大(da)邑縣鶴(he)鳴觀所謂張天師鶴(he)鳴化也,其東北絕(jue)頂(ding)有(you)上(shang)(shang)(shang)清(qing)(qing)宮(gong)》的題(ti)詠。
文昌宮
鶴(he)鳴山(shan)的(de)主宮(gong)(gong),宮(gong)(gong)前有東(dong)西(xi)沙(sha)(sha)門(men),入(ru)內為二殿,供文昌帝君神像。宮(gong)(gong)側有一花園(yuan)和放(fang)鶴(he)亭。此(ci)宮(gong)(gong)俯臨(lin)雙(shuang)澗,東(dong)沙(sha)(sha)門(men)外(wai)有迎仙橋,西(xi)沙(sha)(sha)門(men)外(wai)是送仙橋。一進宮(gong)(gong)門(men),碑(bei)石林立(li),題記、楹聯(lian)甚多。
篆字沱
現名(ming)篆字堰。在鶴鳴山下撐腰(yao)巖,宋陳摶題留篆字刻于石上曰 “ 龜鶴齊壽 ” 四字,今墮(duo)入(ru)水中(zhong)。陳摶字圖南號(hao)扶搖子,毫州真源人,周世宗賜白(bai)云先生(sheng),宋太(tai)宗賜號(hao)希夷先生(sheng),隱華山,善睡。
鶴鳴雙澗透龍泉
在天(tian)柱(zhu)峰下(xia),一(yi)(yi)云(yun)東(dong)(dong)(dong)西雙澗(jian)(jian)(jian),有(you)(you)大穴相通(tong)。東(dong)(dong)(dong)澗(jian)(jian)(jian)水漲(zhang),西澗(jian)(jian)(jian)可(ke)見(jian)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)水;西澗(jian)(jian)(jian)水漲(zhang),東(dong)(dong)(dong)澗(jian)(jian)(jian)可(ke)見(jian)濁(zhuo)(zhuo)水,號曰龍(long)池。又云(yun):龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)地區的龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)寺殿后,有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)對井品列,一(yi)(yi)井通(tong)東(dong)(dong)(dong)澗(jian)(jian)(jian),一(yi)(yi)井通(tong)西澗(jian)(jian)(jian),如(ru)一(yi)(yi)澗(jian)(jian)(jian)水漲(zhang),相通(tong)之(zhi)井水即現(xian)渾濁(zhuo)(zhuo),故有(you)(you)鶴鳴雙澗(jian)(jian)(jian)透(tou)龍(long)泉(quan)(quan)(quan)之(zhi)說。是大邑八(ba)大景之(zhi)一(yi)(yi)。
天谷洞
天(tian)谷洞(dong)在(zai)大坪山(shan)老鸛頂西側冷(leng)家(jia)巖上,從洞(dong)口至狹(xia)(xia)口的(de)(de)主(zhu)洞(dong)全長(chang)約(yue)(yue)200米(mi)(mi),洞(dong)區高(gao)(gao)(gao)矮寬窄不等,高(gao)(gao)(gao)處(chu)有(you)(you)(you)數丈至十數丈,寬處(chu)有(you)(you)(you)幾(ji)(ji)尺至幾(ji)(ji)丈,矮窄處(chu)人(ren)需匍匐前行。主(zhu)洞(dong)兩(liang)旁(pang)有(you)(you)(you)三(san)清、三(san)官、平仙(xian)、峻仙(xian)幾(ji)(ji)個小(xiao)洞(dong),均與主(zhu)洞(dong)相通。三(san)清洞(dong)內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)石(shi)(shi)屏,高(gao)(gao)(gao)約(yue)(yue)兩(liang)丈,寬約(yue)(yue)3尺,表(biao)面聚(ju)有(you)(you)(you)微(wei)型乳(ru)花,黃白間(jian)色(se),以石(shi)(shi)擊之,發(fa)出不同聲響,人(ren)們呼為八音屏。狹(xia)(xia)口原可(ke)進去,內(nei)有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)暗(an)河(he),可(ke)聞濤(tao)濤(tao)流(liu)水(shui)之聲,河(he)上搭有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)棕干橋。70年代(dai)中(zhong),當地開(kai)發(fa)暗(an)河(he)水(shui)灌地,炮打下的(de)(de)亂石(shi)(shi)將狹(xia)(xia)口堵塞。主(zhu)洞(dong)中(zhong)有(you)(you)(you)狹(xia)(xia)長(chang)的(de)(de)暗(an)谷,長(chang)約(yue)(yue)20米(mi)(mi),左右巖壁和頂端有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)漿凝成(cheng)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)花,有(you)(you)(you)一(yi)倒掛石(shi)(shi)鐘(zhong),高(gao)(gao)(gao)約(yue)(yue)50米(mi)(mi)底(di)寬10米(mi)(mi),鐘(zhong)旁(pang)有(you)(you)(you)石(shi)(shi)漿凝成(cheng)的(de)(de)神像(xiang)數尊,依次(ci)而立,惜頭(tou)部被(bei)人(ren)打掉,還(huan)有(you)(you)(you)殘存的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)漿凝成(cheng)的(de)(de)石(shi)(shi)塔、石(shi)(shi)獸等。洞(dong)外原有(you)(you)(you)廟宇一(yi)幢(chuang),一(yi)樓一(yi)底(di),高(gao)(gao)(gao)過洞(dong)口,供6尊神像(xiang)。東漢張道陵、五(wu)代(dai)杜光(guang)庭、明初(chu)張三(san)豐(feng)住鶴鳴山(shan)時在(zai)此洞(dong)中(zhong)修(xiu)煉(lian)。
交通
在大邑縣城乘(cheng)坐12路公交車直接到鶴鳴山(shan)。