簡要介紹
鶴鳴山(shan)(shan),為(wei)(wei)中國(guo)道(dao)教(jiao)發源地,屬(shu)道(dao)教(jiao)名(ming)(ming)(ming)山(shan)(shan)。北依青城山(shan)(shan)(約 30公里),南(nan)鄰峨(e)眉(mei)山(shan)(shan)(約120公里),西(xi)接(jie)霧中山(shan)(shan)(約10里),足(zu)抵川西(xi)平原,距成都(dou)約 70公里。因山(shan)(shan)形似(si)鶴、山(shan)(shan)藏石(shi)鶴、山(shan)(shan)棲(qi)仙(xian)鶴而得(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming),為(wei)(wei)古(gu)(gu)代劍南(nan)四(si)大(da)名(ming)(ming)(ming)山(shan)(shan)之一(yi)(yi)。這(zhe)里山(shan)(shan)勢(shi)雄偉、林木繁茂,雙(shuang)澗環抱(bao),形如展翅欲飛的(de)立(li)鶴;景區內松柏成林,蒼翠欲滴,山(shan)(shan)澗溪流,泠然有聲(sheng),是(shi)著名(ming)(ming)(ming)風景旅游區和避暑(shu)勝地。鶴鳴山(shan)(shan)景區有眾多的(de)名(ming)(ming)(ming)勝古(gu)(gu)跡。主要的(de)景點(dian)有三(san)宮(gong)廟、文(wen)(wen)昌宮(gong)、太清宮(gong)、解元亭、八(ba)卦亭、迎仙(xian)閣以及建設中的(de)“道(dao)源圣城”等。鶴鳴山(shan)(shan)中還有二(er)(er)十四(si)個山(shan)(shan)洞(dong)(dong),明(ming)代曹學全《蜀中名(ming)(ming)(ming)勝記(ji)》說“山(shan)(shan)有二(er)(er)十四(si)洞(dong)(dong),應(ying)二(er)(er)十四(si)氣(五日為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)候,三(san)候為(wei)(wei)一(yi)(yi)氣)。洞(dong)(dong)口約闊(kuo)三(san)尺,深不可測。每過一(yi)(yi)氣,則(ze)一(yi)(yi)洞(dong)(dong)竅(qiao)開,余皆不見”。故稱為(wei)(wei)二(er)(er)十四(si)洞(dong)(dong)。鶴鳴山(shan)(shan)道(dao)觀1985年(nian)被成都(dou)市(shi)政府批準(zhun)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點(dian)文(wen)(wen)物保護單位(wei),1987年(nian)又被批準(zhun)為(wei)(wei)道(dao)教(jiao)開放點(dian)。“中國(guo)道(dao)教(jiao)文(wen)(wen)化節”也在鶴鳴山(shan)(shan)設立(li)了(le)會場(chang)。
主要景點
迎仙閣
迎(ying)仙閣兩邊(bian)聯題(ti)“人橋同此(ci)心四面顧瞻一山鶴,草木并深(shen)意(yi)八方遮護(hu)雙(shuang)澗鱗”。迎(ying)仙閣為三重閣樓,三樓供(gong)奉(feng)太上老君,二(er)樓供(gong)奉(feng)靈主,一樓供(gong)奉(feng)青(qing)龍(long)、白(bai)虎(hu)。
明(ming)(ming)洪武二十(shi)五年,張(zhang)三豐在(zai)勸說(shuo)獻王朱椿入道(dao)未成之后,因慕張(zhang)道(dao)陵的仙績,前來鶴鳴(ming)山天谷(gu)洞煉丹修行。明(ming)(ming)代的皇帝(di)素有崇(chong)尚道(dao)家的傳(chuan)統,明(ming)(ming)成祖朱棣(di)就是其中(zhong)一(yi)位。永樂五年,朱棣(di)聽(ting)聞(wen)張(zhang)三豐在(zai)蜀地的鶴鳴(ming)山修道(dao),隨即(ji)遣(qian)派(pai)禮部尚書胡瀅前來鶴鳴(ming)山迎請。
張(zhang)三豐避而不見(jian)。無奈之下胡瀅只好苦苦守候,直(zhi)至后來埋骨鶴鳴山中。朱棣并(bing)未(wei)灰心。數年后的一(yi)個(ge)初(chu)春,朱棣親手書寫了一(yi)道御旨交給(gei)龍虎山道士吳伯理(li),讓(rang)他繼續前往蜀中迎請張(zhang)三豐。
然而,吳伯理也未見其蹤影,只好在鶴鳴山的山麓處修建了一(yi)(yi)座迎仙閣,以期(qi)能在某一(yi)(yi)天相遇。后來,一(yi)(yi)直隱遁不見的張三豐在南巖的石壁上留下了“三豐隱者誰能尋,九(jiu)室(shi)云崖深更(geng)深”的詩(shi)句。
延祥觀
延(yan)祥觀兩邊古(gu)木參(can)天,碑(bei)刻(ke)林立(li),有道(dao)教祖庭(ting)碑(bei),鶴(he)鳴仙蹤(zong)碑(bei)、三國(guo)志(zhi)張魯傳碑(bei)、華陽國(guo)志(zhi)漢中志(zhi)碑(bei)、漢張陵畫像碑(bei)、八仙畫像碑(bei)、觀音畫像碑(bei)等。一些海內(nei)外(wai)信眾與道(dao)教學者也在此(ci)立(li)碑(bei),有1998年日(ri)本(ben)海外(wai)學術研(yan)究(jiu)團登訪大(da)邑鶴(he)鳴山(shan)之碑(bei),香港羅智光所立(li)飛(fei)舞(wu)戀想(xiang)鶴(he)鳴碑(bei)等。
斗姥殿
斗姥殿供(gong)奉地(di)姥、王(wang)姥,左邊供(gong)奉日、月二光。
三圣宮
三(san)圣宮系(xi)香(xiang)港飛雁洞(dong)佛道社觀主(zhu)劉松飛捐資(zi)修建,高十八米,上(shang)下(xia)二層(ceng),飛檐斗拱,立柱回廊(lang),琉璃艷彩,顯(xian)得十分(fen)富麗堂皇。殿(dian)內供奉道祖太上(shang)老君道德天尊、純陽帝(di)君呂洞(dong)賓、太極祖師(shi)張三(san)豐(feng),兩邊聯(lian)為原中國道教協會(hui)(hui)會(hui)(hui)長黎遇航所題:“鶴鳴(ming)九霄道興(xing)神州(zhou)方士齊稽首,龍騰三(san)界靈顯(xian)大地蒼(cang)生發善心”。殿(dian)外有(you)張三(san)豐(feng)手(shou)植古柏一棵,樹(shu)圍三(san)米多長,有(you)近千年的樹(shu)齡(ling)。
天師殿
為當(dang)地(di)人士李耀亨(heng)捐(juan)資(zi)修(xiu)建。天師殿正中扁題“道正則興”,兩(liang)邊(bian)聯為“威威彩色像莊嚴宛若傳(chuan)經日,郁郁鶴鳴山仙境猶然(ran)興道時(shi)”,殿內正中掛(gua)“萬法宗壇”幡,兩(liang)邊(bian)為“正一(yi)元始(shi)大天尊張天師”幡。天師跏趺坐,身穿繪有陰陽圖的法服(fu),頭披(pi)紅色道巾,左手(shou)持(chi)陽平治都公(gong)印(yin),右手(shou)結(jie)訣。王長(chang)、馬武手(shou)持(chi)劍、符(fu),護立兩(liang)旁。
上清宮
上(shang)清(qing)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)又(you)名老君殿,位于天柱峰頂,前(qian)后(hou)兩殿,內(nei)供老君塑像,后(hou)殿為經樓,門(men)上(shang)匾額寫(xie)有“鶴(he)鳴化(hua)(hua) ” 。北宋文學(xue)家、畫家、攝(she)大邑(yi)令(ling)文同曾游上(shang)清(qing)宮(gong)(gong)(gong),有《題(ti)鶴(he)鳴化(hua)(hua)上(shang)清(qing)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)》、《大邑(yi)縣鶴(he)鳴觀所謂張天師鶴(he)鳴化(hua)(hua)也(ye),其東北絕頂有上(shang)清(qing)宮(gong)(gong)(gong)》的題(ti)詠。
文昌宮
鶴鳴山(shan)的主宮(gong),宮(gong)前有(you)東(dong)西(xi)沙門,入內為二殿,供(gong)文昌帝君(jun)神像。宮(gong)側有(you)一花園和放鶴亭(ting)。此(ci)宮(gong)俯臨雙澗,東(dong)沙門外有(you)迎仙(xian)橋,西(xi)沙門外是(shi)送(song)仙(xian)橋。一進宮(gong)門,碑石林立,題(ti)記、楹(ying)聯甚(shen)多。
篆字沱
現名(ming)篆(zhuan)字堰。在鶴(he)鳴山下撐腰巖,宋(song)陳(chen)摶題留篆(zhuan)字刻于石上曰(yue) “ 龜鶴(he)齊壽 ” 四字,今墮入水中。陳(chen)摶字圖南號扶搖子,毫州真源人,周世宗(zong)賜白云先(xian)生(sheng),宋(song)太宗(zong)賜號希夷先(xian)生(sheng),隱華(hua)山,善睡。
鶴鳴雙澗透龍泉
在(zai)天柱峰下(xia),一(yi)云東(dong)西雙澗(jian)(jian),有大(da)穴(xue)相通(tong)(tong)。東(dong)澗(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)漲(zhang),西澗(jian)(jian)可見濁水(shui)(shui);西澗(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)漲(zhang),東(dong)澗(jian)(jian)可見濁水(shui)(shui),號曰龍(long)池。又云:龍(long)泉地(di)區的龍(long)泉寺殿后,有一(yi)對井(jing)品列,一(yi)井(jing)通(tong)(tong)東(dong)澗(jian)(jian),一(yi)井(jing)通(tong)(tong)西澗(jian)(jian),如一(yi)澗(jian)(jian)水(shui)(shui)漲(zhang),相通(tong)(tong)之(zhi)井(jing)水(shui)(shui)即現(xian)渾濁,故有鶴鳴(ming)雙澗(jian)(jian)透(tou)龍(long)泉之(zhi)說。是大(da)邑八大(da)景(jing)之(zhi)一(yi)。
天谷洞
天谷洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)在(zai)大坪山老鸛頂西側冷家巖(yan)上,從(cong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)口(kou)至狹口(kou)的(de)主(zhu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)全長(chang)約200米(mi),洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)區(qu)高矮(ai)寬(kuan)窄(zhai)不等,高處(chu)有(you)數(shu)(shu)丈(zhang)至十數(shu)(shu)丈(zhang),寬(kuan)處(chu)有(you)幾尺至幾丈(zhang),矮(ai)窄(zhai)處(chu)人需匍(pu)匐前行。主(zhu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)兩旁(pang)有(you)三(san)(san)(san)清、三(san)(san)(san)官、平仙(xian)、峻仙(xian)幾個小洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),均(jun)與主(zhu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)相通。三(san)(san)(san)清洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)內有(you)一(yi)石(shi)屏(ping),高約兩丈(zhang),寬(kuan)約3尺,表面聚有(you)微型乳花(hua),黃白間色,以石(shi)擊之,發出(chu)不同聲(sheng)響,人們(men)呼為八音屏(ping)。狹口(kou)原可進去,內有(you)一(yi)暗(an)(an)(an)河(he),可聞濤濤流水之聲(sheng),河(he)上搭有(you)一(yi)棕干橋。70年代中,當地開(kai)發暗(an)(an)(an)河(he)水灌(guan)地,炮打(da)下(xia)的(de)亂(luan)石(shi)將狹口(kou)堵塞。主(zhu)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中有(you)狹長(chang)的(de)暗(an)(an)(an)谷,長(chang)約20米(mi),左(zuo)右巖(yan)壁和頂端有(you)石(shi)漿(jiang)凝(ning)(ning)成(cheng)的(de)石(shi)花(hua),有(you)一(yi)倒掛(gua)石(shi)鐘,高約50米(mi)底寬(kuan)10米(mi),鐘旁(pang)有(you)石(shi)漿(jiang)凝(ning)(ning)成(cheng)的(de)神像(xiang)數(shu)(shu)尊(zun),依次(ci)而立,惜頭部(bu)被(bei)人打(da)掉(diao),還有(you)殘存的(de)石(shi)漿(jiang)凝(ning)(ning)成(cheng)的(de)石(shi)塔、石(shi)獸等。洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)外原有(you)廟宇一(yi)幢,一(yi)樓一(yi)底,高過洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)口(kou),供(gong)6尊(zun)神像(xiang)。東(dong)漢張道陵、五代杜(du)光庭、明初張三(san)(san)(san)豐住鶴鳴(ming)山時在(zai)此(ci)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)中修煉。
交通
在(zai)大邑縣城乘坐12路公交車直接到鶴鳴山。