芒果视频下载

地理位置

弦(xian)歌臺位(wei)于河(he)南(nan)(nan)省淮陽區城西南(nan)(nan)隅水靜如練的南(nan)(nan)壇湖中，這(zhe)里紅連(lian)映(ying)日(ri)，碧荷(he)接天，風景(jing)優美，景(jing)色宜人。

孔子與弦歌臺

圣人菜

東周(zhou)時期，孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)曾(ceng)三次來陳(chen)國講(jiang)學，最后一次是公(gong)元前(qian)489年(nian)，楚(chu)(chu)昭王派人(ren)請孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)講(jiang)學，但(dan)孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)講(jiang)的(de)(de)大道(dao)(dao)理(li)是讓統治者(zhe)如何(he)治國的(de)(de)，讓統治者(zhe)如何(he)如何(he)管(guan)理(li)百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)，陳(chen)國的(de)(de)老百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)不(bu)(bu)愿意了(le)，沒等孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)到(dao)(dao)楚(chu)(chu)國見到(dao)(dao)楚(chu)(chu)昭王，老百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)就把(ba)孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)他的(de)(de)弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)圍(wei)困在(zai)南壇湖的(de)(de)一個小島上(shang)，不(bu)(bu)給(gei)他們(men)吃，不(bu)(bu)給(gei)他們(men)喝，孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)餓得頭暈眼(yan)花。沒辦法(fa)，孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)分頭到(dao)(dao)湖邊找吃的(de)(de)。魚是捉不(bu)(bu)到(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)，孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)看(kan)湖里生長(chang)一種現在(zai)叫(jiao)蒲(pu)的(de)(de)植(zhi)物，就拔(ba)出來，上(shang)邊的(de)(de)綠莖不(bu)(bu)能(neng)吃，而下邊的(de)(de)蒲(pu)根(gen)細膩(ni)白嫩，脆甜可(ke)口，孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)就和(he)弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)吃蒲(pu)根(gen)，一連(lian)七日(ri)，孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)和(he)弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)就靠(kao)蒲(pu)根(gen)生活下來。現在(zai)，這種蒲(pu)根(gen)叫(jiao)“圣(sheng)人(ren)菜(cai)”，涼拌、紅燒味(wei)道(dao)(dao)都很美，成(cheng)了(le)陳(chen)州(zhou)城各(ge)大餐(can)館(guan)里一道(dao)(dao)特色菜(cai)，有客(ke)人(ren)從遠方來，這道(dao)(dao)菜(cai)是必不(bu)(bu)可(ke)少的(de)(de)。陳(chen)國的(de)(de)老百(bai)姓(xing)(xing)看(kan)到(dao)(dao)孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)七日(ri)不(bu)(bu)曾(ceng)餓死，還整(zheng)日(ri)給(gei)弟(di)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)們(men)誦(song)史講(jiang)學，便尊稱(cheng)孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)為真“圣(sheng)人(ren)”。后來，陳(chen)國人(ren)就在(zai)孔(kong)(kong)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)被圍(wei)困的(de)(de)島上(shang)建了(le)一座圣(sheng)人(ren)廟，學名叫(jiao)“弦歌(ge)臺(tai)(tai)”，弦歌(ge)臺(tai)(tai)正殿(dian)兩(liang)邊的(de)(de)石柱上(shang)，鐫(juan)刻著對聯(lian)一副，為“堂上(shang)弦歌(ge)七日(ri)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)容大道(dao)(dao)，庭前(qian)俎豆千年(nian)猶(you)自(zi)仰高山”，以紀念這位老夫(fu)子(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)三次來陳(chen)講(jiang)學的(de)(de)佳話。

弩臺

弦(xian)歌(ge)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，又(you)稱(cheng)厄臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)、絕(jue)糧(liang)(liang)祠，位于(yu)縣(xian)城(cheng)西南隅的(de)(de)(de)南壇湖中，臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)上(shang)(shang)(shang)現存建(jian)筑(zhu)有二(er)(er)(er)門(men)(men)，正殿七(qi)間。正殿是(shi)(shi)主體(ti)建(jian)筑(zhu)，飛檐(yan)斗(dou)拱，上(shang)(shang)(shang)蓋(gai)綠(lv)色(se)琉璃(li)瓦。周有青石方柱(zhu)二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)四根。正門(men)(men)石柱(zhu)上(shang)(shang)(shang)鐫刻(ke)的(de)(de)(de)對聯是(shi)(shi)“堂上(shang)(shang)(shang)弦(xian)歌(ge)七(qi)日(ri)不能容(rong)大道(dao)；庭前俎(zu)豆千年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)猶自(zi)仰(yang)高(gao)(gao)山。”前門(men)(men)上(shang)(shang)(shang)有清康熙五十(shi)(shi)(shi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元1711年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）立的(de)(de)(de)石匾(bian)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)書“弦(xian)歌(ge)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)”三(san)個大字。弦(xian)歌(ge)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，原名“弩臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)”，《元和(he)志》說：“后漢陳(chen)王(wang)寵(chong)善射，嘗于(yu)此(ci)教弩”所(suo)以得(de)名。漢靈帝時，爆發了(le)(le)黃巾(jin)起義(yi)，革命軍(jun)浩(hao)浩(hao)蕩(dang)蕩(dang)，所(suo)向披靡(mi)，各郡縣(xian)守(shou)兵(bing)望風而逃。惟獨陳(chen)王(wang)劉寵(chong)占據陳(chen)城(cheng)四面(mian)環(huan)水的(de)(de)(de)地利，四面(mian)吊橋(qiao)高(gao)(gao)懸，自(zi)帶強弩手數千固(gu)守(shou)此(ci)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，義(yi)軍(jun)久攻不下(xia)，終于(yu)扼住了(le)(le)黃巾(jin)軍(jun)，所(suo)以又(you)稱(cheng)“扼臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)”。到(dao)了(le)(le)唐開(kai)元年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間，孔(kong)子(zi)廟遷(qian)到(dao)這(zhe)里。明憲宗(zong)成代(dai)六年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，知州倪誥重(zhong)建(jian)孔(kong)廟并塑孔(kong)子(zi)和(he)十(shi)(shi)(shi)賢像。明世宗(zong)嘉靖七(qi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元1528年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），巡按御(yu)史(shi)(shi)譚纘增(zeng)拓正殿七(qi)間，門(men)(men)二(er)(er)(er)座，題曰“絕(jue)糧(liang)(liang)祠”。二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元1542年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)）巡按御(yu)史(shi)(shi)趙繼本改名為(wei)(wei)“弦(xian)歌(ge)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)”。明神(shen)宗(zong)萬歷二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)九(jiu)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元1601年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），睢陳(chen)道(dao)徐(xu)即登增(zeng)建(jian)大門(men)(men)，曰“美富之門(men)(men)”。清康熙二(er)(er)(er)十(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元1628年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），知州蕭國(guo)弼重(zhong)修殿內塑像，五十(shi)(shi)(shi)二(er)(er)(er)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)（公元1713年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)），都(dou)御(yu)史(shi)(shi)揆(kui)敘(xu)重(zhong)修大殿七(qi)楹，改為(wei)(wei)方形石柱(zhu)，上(shang)(shang)(shang)復綠(lv)琉璃(li)瓦，重(zhong)修孔(kong)子(zi)及十(shi)(shi)(shi)賢像。乾隆(long)(long)、嘉慶(qing)、咸豐年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)間又(you)多次(ci)修葺，現存的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)是(shi)(shi)清乾隆(long)(long)四十(shi)(shi)(shi)八年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)重(zhong)建(jian)的(de)(de)(de)，由于(yu)諸多的(de)(de)(de)歷史(shi)(shi)原因，這(zhe)座被歷史(shi)(shi)文(wen)人墨客稱(cheng)之為(wei)(wei)陳(chen)州“八景(jing)”之一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)弦(xian)歌(ge)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)，已失(shi)去了(le)(le)昔日(ri)的(de)(de)(de)輝煌，顯得(de)破(po)舊。1955年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)底，在縣(xian)委、政府的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)視下(xia)，弦(xian)歌(ge)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)得(de)以整修，修繕(shan)了(le)(le)一(yi)進院落(luo)圍墻(qiang)和(he)正門(men)(men)，重(zhong)塑了(le)(le)孔(kong)子(zi)像，使(shi)弦(xian)歌(ge)臺(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)正門(men)(men)量現一(yi)派巍峨(e)氣勢。殿內，一(yi)尊(zun)身(shen)高(gao)(gao)三(san)米，面(mian)目慈(ci)祥(xiang)，服飾飄逸的(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)子(zi)像，端坐在一(yi)米五高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)石雕像基上(shang)(shang)(shang)。《史(shi)(shi)記·孔(kong)子(zi)世家(jia)》、《韓詩外傳》、《孔(kong)子(zi)家(jia)語》、《孔(kong)子(zi)集(ji)注》、《搜神(shen)記》等書都(dou)有關于(yu)孔(kong)子(zi)在陳(chen)絕(jue)糧(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)記載(zai)。孔(kong)子(zi)在陳(chen)三(san)年(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)(nian)，還(huan)做過陳(chen)國(guo)的(de)(de)(de)官。

厄臺碑

一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)代儒師、教(jiao)育(yu)家(jia)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)，其杰出的思想集(ji)中在這(zhe)些著作中，不(bu)(bu)僅對中國，乃至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)世界都產生了巨大(da)的影響。歷(li)史文人(ren)都對他推崇備至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，甚(shen)至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)連孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)游(you)說于(yu)陳(chen)(chen)蔡(cai)，在陳(chen)(chen)蔡(cai)絕(jue)糧(liang)這(zhe)件不(bu)(bu)大(da)光彩的歷(li)史，也被(bei)儒家(jia)贊為(wei)(wei)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)偉績，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)代文學家(jia)王禹在陳(chen)(chen)州《厄(e)臺碑》中，把(ba)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)厄(e)于(yu)陳(chen)(chen)蔡(cai)與“天(tian)地(di)厄(e)于(yu)晦(hui)月(yue)，日(ri)(ri)月(yue)厄(e)于(yu)薄(bo)蝕，帝舜(shun)厄(e)于(yu)歷(li)山，大(da)禹厄(e)于(yu)洪水，成(cheng)湯厄(e)于(yu)夏(xia)臺，文王厄(e)于(yu)里”相(xiang)提并論。“唐八大(da)家(jia)”之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)的曾鞏也吹捧孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)陳(chen)(chen)蔡(cai)絕(jue)糧(liang)是“圣人(ren)齊(qi)日(ri)(ri)月(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)時，不(bu)(bu)能違日(ri)(ri)月(yue)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)道”。淮陽是孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)教(jiao)澤所及之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)地(di)，他的七十(shi)二個(ge)(ge)得意(yi)弟(di)子(zi)中，淮陽人(ren)就占4個(ge)(ge)，加之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)在陳(chen)(chen)絕(jue)糧(liang)，數千年來，世人(ren)共知。所以歷(li)代陳(chen)(chen)人(ren)建(jian)(jian)祠紀(ji)念，教(jiao)化后(hou)人(ren)不(bu)(bu)忘儒家(jia)老祖宗的困苦與艱(jian)辛。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)九九六年五月(yue)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)日(ri)(ri)，香(xiang)港企業(ye)家(jia)，香(xiang)港孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)教(jiao)學院(yuan)院(yuan)長湯恩佳先后(hou)為(wei)(wei)河南這(zhe)座唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)廟捐贈(zeng)的三米(mi)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)銅像(xiang)在陳(chen)(chen)州落成(cheng)揭(jie)幕；臺內(nei)主要(yao)建(jian)(jian)筑大(da)成(cheng)殿已修葺一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)新。目前(qian)，國家(jia)旅(lv)游(you)局將這(zhe)座名(ming)勝(sheng)列入“孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)子(zi)周游(you)列國”國家(jia)旅(lv)游(you)專線必至(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)景點(dian)，弦歌臺這(zhe)座歷(li)史名(ming)勝(sheng)，不(bu)(bu)久(jiu)將成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)人(ren)們尋(xun)古探幽的勝(sheng)地(di)之(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)。

保護

1962年(nian)4月被淮陽(yang)區人民委員會公(gong)布(bu)為第(di)一(yi)批重(zhong)點文物保(bao)護單(dan)位，2006年(nian)7月被河南省(sheng)人民政(zheng)府公(gong)布(bu)為重(zhong)點文物保(bao)護單(dan)位。