大廣壩灌區
1988年(nian)至1990年(nian)間,海南向(xiang)水(shui)利部水(shui)規總(zong)院報(bao)(bao)送了(le)大廣(guang)壩(ba)灌(guan)區(qu)(qu)規劃報(bao)(bao)告(gao)與(yu)可(ke)(ke)行(xing)性(xing)研(yan)究(jiu)報(bao)(bao)告(gao),經(jing)水(shui)規總(zong)院組織(zhi)專(zhuan)家在現場審查,同意該報(bao)(bao)告(gao)。1995年(nian)7月, 水(shui)利設計(ji)院提出了(le)《 昌化江大廣(guang)壩(ba)灌(guan)區(qu)(qu)工程可(ke)(ke)行(xing)性(xing)研(yan)究(jiu)報(bao)(bao)告(gao)投資估(gu)算及經(jing)濟評價》(修訂本)。同年(nian)8月,水(shui)規總(zong)院同意該灌(guan)區(qu)(qu)可(ke)(ke)行(xing)性(xing)研(yan)究(jiu)報(bao)(bao)告(gao)及補充專(zhuan)題(ti)報(bao)(bao)告(gao)。確定灌(guan)區(qu)(qu)設計(ji)灌(guan)溉面積為6.74萬(wan)公頃(qing),設有5大灌(guan)溉系(xi)統:
灌溉系統
大廣壩高干(gan)渠灌溉系(xi)統
水源取(qu)自大(da)(da)廣壩水庫(ku)。灌(guan)溉(gai)東方市100米(mi)高(gao)(gao)程(cheng)以(yi)下的紅(hong)(hong)泉、抱(bao)板、大(da)(da)田、東方農(nong)場(chang)等地區(qu)。干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)長(chang)15.6公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),設(she)(she)計流(liu)量(liang)11.5立(li)方米(mi)/秒,加大(da)(da)流(liu)量(liang)14立(li)方米(mi)/秒。設(she)(she)計灌(guan)溉(gai)面積(ji)(ji)15666.67公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。設(she)(she)有(you)(you)三角路(lu)分(fen)(fen)干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)、大(da)(da)田分(fen)(fen)干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)、紅(hong)(hong)泉分(fen)(fen)干(gan)(gan)等。三角路(lu)分(fen)(fen)干(gan)(gan)長(chang)7.15公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),,有(you)(you)3條支渠(qu)長(chang)31公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),有(you)(you)效(xiao)控(kong)灌(guan)面積(ji)(ji)3666.7公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing);大(da)(da)田分(fen)(fen)干(gan)(gan)長(chang)20.5公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),設(she)(she)有(you)(you)5條支渠(qu)長(chang)31.7公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),有(you)(you)效(xiao)控(kong)灌(guan)面積(ji)(ji)5533.3公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing);紅(hong)(hong)泉分(fen)(fen)干(gan)(gan)原設(she)(she)計長(chang)22公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),5條支渠(qu)長(chang)28.7公(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li),控(kong)灌(guan)面積(ji)(ji)6466.7公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。高(gao)(gao)干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)灌(guan)區(qu)安置大(da)(da)批水庫(ku)移民(min),高(gao)(gao)干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)灌(guan)溉(gai)系統與(yu)大(da)(da)廣壩樞(shu)紐工(gong)程(cheng)同時施工(gong)。1995年已建成高(gao)(gao)干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)、三角路(lu)分(fen)(fen)干(gan)(gan)、大(da)(da)田分(fen)(fen)干(gan)(gan)與(yu)紅(hong)(hong)泉分(fen)(fen)干(gan)(gan)各小部分(fen)(fen),現(xian)有(you)(you)效(xiao)控(kong)制灌(guan)溉(gai)面積(ji)(ji)約6600公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。此外(wai),高(gao)(gao)干(gan)(gan)渠(qu)可補水高(gao)(gao)坡嶺水庫(ku),灌(guan)溉(gai)八所、羅帶地區(qu),現(xian)有(you)(you)效(xiao)灌(guan)溉(gai)面積(ji)(ji)867公(gong)(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。
戈枕中干渠(qu)灌溉系統
從戈枕配水樞(shu)紐左岸(an)取水。灌溉(gai)東方(fang)市(shi)45米(mi)高程以下地(di)區,基(ji)本(ben)從北~~南方(fang)向貫穿東方(fang)市(shi)大部分平原,與該市(shi)現有幾(ji)座(zuo)中(zhong)型水庫(ku)等工程均(jun)有互補聯(lian)系,干渠道長76.5公(gong)里,設(she)(she)計流量25立方(fang)米(mi)/秒,加大流量30立方(fang)米(mi)/秒。設(she)(she)計灌溉(gai)面積(ji)20766.67公(gong)頃(qing)。1995年底,該灌溉(gai)系統的初步設(she)(she)計由水規總院(yuan)組織專家(jia)進行現場(chang)評審(shen),審(shen)查基(ji)本(ben)同(tong)意。該灌區有待(dai)爭取盡快實施。
戈(ge)枕低干渠灌溉系統
水源取自(zi)戈枕(zhen)配水樞紐左岸。灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)(gai)東方(fang)(fang)市(shi)35米(mi)(mi)(mi)高程(cheng)以下的北部地區。干渠道長61.1公(gong)(gong)里,設計流量13.5立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒(miao),加大流量15.5立方(fang)(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)。設計灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)(gai)面(mian)積(ji)11266.67公(gong)(gong)頃。70年代,東方(fang)(fang)縣建(jian)設戈枕(zhen)水壩引水灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)(gai),所(suo)開挖渠道基本是戈枕(zhen)低(di)干渠灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)(gai)系統,長期運行,缺乏資金(jin)維(wei)修(xiu),按設計規模修(xiu)建(jian)仍需(xu)較大資金(jin),該灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)(gai)系統現有(you)效灌(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)溉(gai)(gai)面(mian)積(ji)4000公(gong)(gong)頃。
昌江干(gan)渠灌溉系統
水(shui)源取自戈枕配(pei)水(shui)樞紐右岸。灌(guan)溉昌(chang)(chang)江縣45米(mi)高(gao)程以下的叉(cha)河、十月田、烏烈、昌(chang)(chang)城、昌(chang)(chang)化(hua)、海尾等地區。干渠道(dao)長56公(gong)里(li),設(she)計(ji)流量(liang)15.5立(li)方米(mi)/秒,加(jia)大流量(liang)18立(li)方米(mi)/秒。設(she)計(ji)灌(guan)溉面積(ji)11000公(gong)頃。該灌(guan)區尚(shang)未進行工程項(xiang)目初(chu)設(she)工作。
陀(tuo)興——樂東干渠灌溉(gai)系(xi)統
水源取自(zi)陀興(xing)(xing)水庫(ku),陀興(xing)(xing)水庫(ku)現(xian)屬中型規(gui)模(mo),有待擴建為大(da)(2)型規(gui)模(mo)(其基礎(chu)部分工程已按(an)最終規(gui)模(mo)建設)。然(ran)后從大(da)廣壩水庫(ku)經那文無壓引(yin)水隧洞(長(chang)2.75公(gong)(gong)里)引(yin)用6立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)水量(liang)補充。灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉東方(fang)市(shi)38米(mi)(mi)高程以下中干(gan)渠(qu)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉系統(tong)灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉不到的南部地區,并引(yin)水灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉樂東縣尖峰、佛(fo)羅等地區。干(gan)渠(qu)道(dao)長(chang)45.5公(gong)(gong)里,渠(qu)首段5公(gong)(gong)里為陀興(xing)(xing)干(gan)渠(qu),設計流(liu)量(liang)10立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)/秒(miao),加(jia)大(da)流(liu)量(liang)12立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)/秒(miao)。設計灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉面積8686.67公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。陀興(xing)(xing)水庫(ku)現(xian)有效灌(guan)(guan)(guan)溉面積1600公(gong)(gong)頃(qing)。
至2000年(nian)底,大(da)廣壩(ba)灌區有效灌溉面(mian)積為13067公頃。按(an)現狀仍屬中型灌區,有待加快建設。
第一期工程
大廣壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)水(shui)(shui)庫大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)控(kong)制集水(shui)(shui)面積(ji)3498平方(fang)公里,年均(jun)降雨量1565毫米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),年均(jun)來水(shui)(shui)量30.6億立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),年均(jun)流量97立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)/秒(miao),主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為混凝土重力壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),處于原有小廣壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)電站低壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)下游50米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)的河床上,副(fu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為均(jun)質土壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba);壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高程144.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)最大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高57.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),副(fu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)最大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高44.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)長(chang)719.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),副(fu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)長(chang)5123.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。水(shui)(shui)庫校(xiao)核洪水(shui)(shui)位(wei)141.97米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),相應(ying)庫容(rong)17.1億立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);設(she)計洪水(shui)(shui)位(wei)140.07米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),相應(ying)庫容(rong)15.02億立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);正常水(shui)(shui)位(wei)140.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),相應(ying)庫容(rong)14.95億立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi);死水(shui)(shui)位(wei)116.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi),相應(ying)庫容(rong)1.8億立(li)(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)。
大廣壩(ba)水(shui)(shui)電(dian)站(zhan)設(she)計(ji)(ji)裝(zhuang)機6萬千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)×4,設(she)計(ji)(ji)最大水(shui)(shui)頭87.0米,最小水(shui)(shui)頭62.9米,單機流量(liang)92.9立(li)方米/秒(miao)。設(she)計(ji)(ji)年發電(dian)量(liang)5.2億(yi)千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)時。廠房為(wei)壩(ba)后地(di)下廠房。主廠房尺寸:87×14×37.5米(長(chang)×寬×高(gao))。在高(gao)干渠首還(huan)建有1000千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)×2的(de)小水(shui)(shui)電(dian)站(zhan)。
項(xiang)目(mu)建設(she)實行項(xiang)目(mu)法人負責(ze)制,省(sheng)電(dian)(dian)力公司為項(xiang)目(mu)業主,業主在施(shi)工(gong)現場(chang)設(she)工(gong)程(cheng)指揮部,林(lin)輝二任指揮。經(jing)(jing)公開(kai)招標(biao),樞(shu)紐工(gong)程(cheng)由中南(nan)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)勘測設(she)計院(yuan)設(she)計,中國葛洲壩(ba)建筑工(gong)程(cheng)局施(shi)工(gong),廣西水(shui)利水(shui)電(dian)(dian)勘測設(she)計院(yuan)負責(ze)監理,1990年6月(yue)經(jing)(jing)國家批(pi)準開(kai)工(gong),1995年3月(yue)4臺(tai)機組全(quan)部投產。
與樞(shu)紐(niu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)同時(shi)施(shi)工(gong)的(de)還有高干渠(qu)灌溉系統(tong)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),水庫淹沒賠償與移民安置工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)投資總額達37056萬元。東(dong)方、樂東(dong)兩縣政府分別成立(li)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)移民辦公室,組(zu)織具體工(gong)作。
大廣壩(ba)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)建(jian)成后,原(yuan)小(xiao)廣壩(ba)和東(dong)方(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)停止使(shi)(shi)用。小(xiao)廣壩(ba)水(shui)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan),在(zai)1972~1975年(nian)間(jian)由海南區水(shui)電(dian)(dian)局(ju)組織建(jian)設,副局(ju)長(chang)姜(jiang)成岱親臨工(gong)地(di)指揮。該站(zhan)設計(ji)水(shui)頭(tou)41.2米,流量(liang)28.2立方(fang)(fang)米/秒(miao),裝機容量(liang)6500×2千瓦(wa),水(shui)輪機型號為HL702-LJ~140,水(shui)力(li)發電(dian)(dian)機TS330/61~16,使(shi)(shi)用三次諧(xie)波磁勵裝置。