簡介
王英水庫(ku)(ku)總(zong)(zong)庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)(rong)5.817億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米,調洪庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)(rong)2.06億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米,興利(li)庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)(rong)2.52億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米,死(si)庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)(rong)2.3億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米;設計灌溉面積49.6萬畝(mu),防洪保護(hu)范圍(wei)300平方(fang)(fang)公里,其中(zhong)農田20萬畝(mu)、滅(mie)螺面積1.5萬畝(mu);裝機容(rong)(rong)量2500kW,多年平均發(fa)電量1100×104kW·h。蔡(cai)賢(xian)水庫(ku)(ku)總(zong)(zong)庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)(rong)0.214億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米,調洪庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)(rong)0.0983億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米,興利(li)庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)(rong)0.258億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米,死(si)庫(ku)(ku)容(rong)(rong)0.055億(yi)(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)米。
王(wang)英水(shui)庫位(wei)于湖北省黃石市(shi)陽(yang)新縣富水(shui)下(xia)(xia)游北岸支流(liu)(liu)三溪河(he)上游主(zhu)干王(wang)英河(he)上,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)址(zhi)距(ju)陽(yang)新縣城關30km,距(ju)三溪鎮(zhen)5km。壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)址(zhi)控制(zhi)流(liu)(liu)域面積243平(ping)(ping)方(fang)公里,多年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)降雨量1423.9mm,多年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)徑流(liu)(liu)深866mm,多年平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)徑流(liu)(liu)總(zong)量為(wei)(wei)2.49億(yi)立(li)(li)方(fang)米。主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為(wei)(wei)粘土(tu)心墻代料組合壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂高(gao)程為(wei)(wei)75.00m,最大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)為(wei)(wei)53.6m,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂寬8.0m,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)長(chang)225.0m。副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)位(wei)于大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)右側約5km的泉口(kou)(kou)駱(又名王(wang)福坳),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)型為(wei)(wei)均(jun)(jun)(jun)質土(tu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),最大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)5.8m,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂寬5.0m,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)長(chang)100m。圓形有(you)壓泄(xie)洪隧(sui)洞位(wei)于主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)左側,進口(kou)(kou)底(di)板(ban)高(gao)程54.0m,內(nei)徑3.5m,縱坡1/30,全(quan)長(chang)196.32m,其中,洞身長(chang)180.275m,進口(kou)(kou)和出(chu)口(kou)(kou)各(ge)設(she)兩塊和一(yi)塊鋼質平(ping)(ping)板(ban)閘門,隧(sui)洞最大泄(xie)量127.2 m3/s,出(chu)口(kou)(kou)接1∶2.6陡坡,底(di)流(liu)(liu)消能。壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)下(xia)(xia)埋(mai)管(guan)位(wei)于主(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)樁(zhuang)號0+064m處(chu),通過心墻,管(guan)身則坐落在基巖(yan)上,全(quan)長(chang)239.5m,共分十(shi)節,管(guan)身內(nei)徑φ1.5m,進口(kou)(kou)高(gao)程26.0m,設(she)有(you)鋼質平(ping)(ping)板(ban)工作閘門及檢(jian)修閘門,出(chu)口(kou)(kou)設(she)有(you)節制(zhi)閘,在管(guan)身第九節設(she)有(you)發電(dian)岔管(guan),管(guan)徑1.0m,設(she)計流(liu)(liu)量10 立(li)(li)方(fang)米/秒。大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)下(xia)(xia)游設(she)有(you)一(yi)、二級發電(dian)站(zhan),總(zong)裝機(ji)為(wei)(wei)2500kW。平(ping)(ping)均(jun)(jun)(jun)年發電(dian)量1100萬kW·h。
輸水隧洞全長3333m。進口(kou)位(wei)于(yu)王英(ying)庫尾蔡家杞,距主壩16km,高程58.5m,設有鋼質平板(ban)工作閘門。出口(kou)位(wei)于(yu)蔡賢(xian)水庫上氏垸,高程58.0m。隧洞設計(ji)輸水流量35立方米/秒(miao)。
蔡(cai)賢水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)位于陽新縣(xian)國(guo)和鄉,攔截富水(shui)支流(liu)三溪(xi)河(he)分(fen)支蔡(cai)賢河(he),是王英(ying)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)樞紐的(de)重要組(zu)成部(bu)分(fen)。水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)承雨面積44.7平方公里,多(duo)年平均徑流(liu)深866mm,多(duo)年平均徑流(liu)總量(liang)3871萬立(li)方米。它與王英(ying)水(shui)庫(ku)(ku)通過輸水(shui)隧洞連為一體,共同發揮效益,其主(zhu)要建(jian)筑物有主(zhu)壩、4座副壩、溢洪(hong)道及防(fang)汛自(zi)備電站等。
蔡賢水(shui)庫,主壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為(wei)(wei)粘土(tu)(tu)(tu)心(xin)墻(qiang)(qiang)代(dai)料壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)長(chang)287.7m,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)寬(kuan)(kuan)5.0m,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)75.0m,最(zui)大壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)29.0m;1#副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為(wei)(wei)壤(rang)土(tu)(tu)(tu)均質(zhi)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)75.0m,長(chang)50.0m,寬(kuan)(kuan)5.0m,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)5.3m;2#副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)為(wei)(wei)粘土(tu)(tu)(tu)斜(xie)(xie)墻(qiang)(qiang)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)75.0m,長(chang)106m,寬(kuan)(kuan)5.0m,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)19.0m,在(zai)右壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頭山坡(po)(po)處(chu)埋設(she)(she)有(you)φ80cm的(de)(de)預制(zhi)鋼筋(jin)混凝土(tu)(tu)(tu)輸(shu)水(shui)管(guan),其(qi)進(jin)口(kou)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)57.5m,出口(kou)接蔡賢渠道(dao),在(zai)進(jin)口(kou)處(chu)安設(she)(she)有(you)一道(dao)斜(xie)(xie)拉式的(de)(de)φ80cm的(de)(de)圓筒(tong)活(huo)塞(sai)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)門及相應啟閉設(she)(she)備;3#副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)亦為(wei)(wei)粘土(tu)(tu)(tu)斜(xie)(xie)墻(qiang)(qiang)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)75.0m,長(chang)72m,寬(kuan)(kuan)5.0m,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)19.6m;4#副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)則為(wei)(wei)粘土(tu)(tu)(tu)心(xin)墻(qiang)(qiang)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)頂(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)75.0m,長(chang)153m,寬(kuan)(kuan)5.0m,壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)11.0m。在(zai)4#副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)中(zhong)段(duan)埋設(she)(she)有(you)4.5×4.2m的(de)(de)半圓拱(gong)鋼筋(jin)混凝土(tu)(tu)(tu)結(jie)構的(de)(de)兩孔進(jin)水(shui)閘(zha)(zha)(zha),閘(zha)(zha)(zha)底高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)58.0m,進(jin)口(kou)段(duan)設(she)(she)有(you)閘(zha)(zha)(zha)室、啟閉臺及工作(zuo)橋。該閘(zha)(zha)(zha)原系(xi)王英與蔡賢水(shui)庫渠道(dao)連(lian)通方案(an)(an)的(de)(de)控(kong)制(zhi)閘(zha)(zha)(zha),后因改(gai)為(wei)(wei)隧洞方案(an)(an),該閘(zha)(zha)(zha)已無作(zuo)用,并于(yu)1974年冬用鋼筋(jin)混凝土(tu)(tu)(tu)封堵,1978年在(zai)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)后建一裝機2×75kW的(de)(de)防汛自備電站。無閘(zha)(zha)(zha)控(kong)制(zhi)的(de)(de)開敞式溢洪道(dao)位于(yu)主壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)與3#副壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)之間,溢洪道(dao)采用寬(kuan)(kuan)頂(ding)堰,堰頂(ding)高(gao)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)70.0m,寬(kuan)(kuan)40m,順水(shui)流方向長(chang)10m。陡槽段(duan)長(chang)54m,坡(po)(po)比1∶3.0,鼻坎(kan)挑流消(xiao)能,下游無行(xing)洪渠道(dao)。
王英水庫樞紐工(gong)程于(yu)1970年(nian)動工(gong)興建(jian),71年(nian)基本建(jian)成,同年(nian)汛期攔洪蓄水,1977年(nian)全部完工(gong)。
開發仙島湖旅游
為(wei)了(le)(le)旅(lv)游開發,陽新政府將王英水庫更(geng)名為(wei)仙(xian)島(dao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)。仙(xian)島(dao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)地處(chu)幕阜山(shan)(shan)北麓、鄂(e)東南百湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)之縣陽新西(xi)南部,位于廬(lu)山(shan)(shan)與九(jiu)宮(gong)山(shan)(shan)旅(lv)游黃(huang)金線中心。距武漢140公里(li)(li)、廬(lu)山(shan)(shan)130公里(li)(li),106、107國(guo)道擦(ca)肩(jian)而過(guo),版圖(tu)面積276平(ping)方公里(li)(li),1002個島(dao)鑲嵌在4.6萬畝的(de)水面上(shang),恰似(si)銀河星(xing)座,不(bu)是仙(xian)境(jing)勝(sheng)似(si)仙(xian)境(jing),享有(you)荊楚第一(yi)奇湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)之美(mei)譽,是省級生態(tai)旅(lv)游風景(jing)區,國(guo)家4A級景(jing)區,與杭州千(qian)島(dao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、加拿大千(qian)島(dao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)并稱(cheng)“世界三大千(qian)島(dao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)”。仙(xian)島(dao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)原先叫千(qian)島(dao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu),為(wei)了(le)(le)避免與杭州千(qian)島(dao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)重名,引起侵(qin)權,后更(geng)名仙(xian)島(dao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)。仙(xian)島(dao)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)因(yin)湖(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)畔(pan)山(shan)(shan)崖上(shang)懸有(you)一(yi)塊(kuai)“靈通仙(xian)島(dao)”的(de)古匾而得名。這里(li)(li)自然風光旖旎,人文古跡眾多,生態(tai)野趣(qu)橫生,是鄂(e)贛邊境(jing)的(de)一(yi)處(chu)度假(jia)勝(sheng)地。