水庫概況
又稱巨陽湖,位于(yu)山東省臨(lin)朐縣(xian)彌河上游,1959年建(jian)成;集(ji)水(shui)面積(ji)786平方千(qian)(qian)米(mi)(mi)(mi),總庫容(rong)1.67億立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)。冶(ye)源水(shui)庫主體工程(cheng)由主壩(ba)(ba)、副(fu)壩(ba)(ba)、溢(yi)洪(hong)閘、輸水(shui)洞(dong)和壩(ba)(ba)后(hou)式(shi)(shi)電站組成。主壩(ba)(ba)長(chang)650米(mi)(mi)(mi),系黏土(tu)心墻砂殼(ke)壩(ba)(ba),最(zui)(zui)大(da)壩(ba)(ba)高(gao)27.3米(mi)(mi)(mi)。副(fu)壩(ba)(ba)壩(ba)(ba)長(chang)2270米(mi)(mi)(mi),為粉(fen)質壤土(tu)均質壩(ba)(ba),最(zui)(zui)大(da)壩(ba)(ba)高(gao)17.3米(mi)(mi)(mi)。溢(yi)洪(hong)閘建(jian)于(yu)副(fu)壩(ba)(ba)東端(duan),為開敞式(shi)(shi)溢(yi)洪(hong)道,泄(xie)流(liu)(liu)(liu)凈寬100米(mi)(mi)(mi),閘底(di)高(gao)程(cheng)130米(mi)(mi)(mi),設(she)計(ji)(ji)最(zui)(zui)大(da)泄(xie)洪(hong)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量7240立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒。輸水(shui)洞(dong)有東、西兩個,進口(kou)(kou)底(di)高(gao)程(cheng)均為126.0米(mi)(mi)(mi)。東放水(shui)洞(dong)洞(dong)徑2.0米(mi)(mi)(mi),最(zui)(zui)大(da)設(she)計(ji)(ji)泄(xie)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量30.9立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒;西放水(shui)洞(dong)洞(dong)徑1.5米(mi)(mi)(mi),最(zui)(zui)大(da)設(she)計(ji)(ji)泄(xie)流(liu)(liu)(liu)量17.5立(li)方米(mi)(mi)(mi)每(mei)(mei)秒。出口(kou)(kou)建(jian)有壩(ba)(ba)后(hou)式(shi)(shi)水(shui)電站,裝(zhuang)機5臺容(rong)量850千(qian)(qian)瓦,設(she)計(ji)(ji)年發(fa)電量139萬千(qian)(qian)瓦時。
地理位置
冶源水庫(ku)。庫(ku)壩(ba)氣勢雄(xiong)偉,如巨人張臂,橫攔(lan)河道,兩端與公路(lu)相接,延向東(dong)西(xi)。堤壩(ba)中段的10孔(kong)泄(xie)洪(hong)閘(zha)寬(kuan)百米,宏偉壯(zhuang)觀,擁有每秒7240立方米的泄(xie)洪(hong)能(neng)力(li)。洪(hong)汛猛(meng)海漲時,閘(zha)門一開(kai),雷鳴般聲聞十里。庫(ku)水從東(dong)西(xi)2干(gan)渠(qu)出水洞流(liu)出,兩條干(gan)渠(qu)宛如銀龍,蜿蜒(yan)北去。
周邊環境
水庫堤以北,果(guo)樹滿(man)坡,春季百花斗(dou)艷(yan),秋季碩果(guo)盈枝。治源水庫管理局(ju)即在此處。主壩和副壩交界處,有半(ban)(ban)島嶼伸(shen)入庫水之(zhi)(zhi)中,半(ban)(ban)島之(zhi)(zhi)上,松柏蒼翠,芙蓉成(cheng)行,查休連片(pian)。半(ban)(ban)島南端,瀕臨庫水,建樓(lou)房一座,清(qing)靜幽雅,乃游客(ke)休息之(zhi)(zhi)所。登樓(lou)眺望,庫水浩瀚(han),波光(guang)粼粼,山水瀕連。水鳥三五成(cheng)群或(huo)翱翔于(yu)太(tai)空,或(huo)浮游于(yu)水面;子泛(fan)舟歡歌(ge)笑語;漁民撒網,網滿(man)魚(yu)肥。灌區之(zhi)(zhi)內,視野所及,大地似錦,風景如畫。
冶源(yuan)水庫(ku) 丹河、石河與彌(mi)河匯流處,上游控制流域面積786平方公里, 總(zong)庫(ku)容1.955億(yi)立方米, 興利庫(ku)容8370萬(wan)立方米, 東西兩(liang)干渠(qu)(qu)共轄1160條支、斗、農(nong)、毛渠(qu)(qu),總(zong)長720公里,網布于水庫(ku)以北、彌(mi)河兩(liang)岸(an)252個自然村,控制灌(guan)溉面積19.2萬(wan)畝,有(you)效灌(guan)溉面積18萬(wan)畝。開(kai)灌(guan)以來,一直為全(quan)國(guo)先進灌(guan)區。水庫(ku)經過(guo)續建、擴建和(he)多次歲修,防洪效能達到千年一遇的標準。
修建歷史
1957年(nian)(nian)冬,縣(xian)委決定修建冶源水(shui)庫(ku)。次年(nian)(nian)春(chun),山東(dong)省(sheng)水(shui)利勘察(cha)設計院幫助臨朐縣(xian)進行庫(ku)址調查、勘測。縣(xian)組成冶源水(shui)庫(ku)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建設指揮部,縣(xian)長鄭志英(ying)、副縣(xian)長張金(jin)聲分別任正(zheng)副指揮,從全縣(xian)30個鄉調集民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)11000人(ren)(ren),于5月(yue)(yue)28日破土(tu)動工(gong)(gong)(gong),月(yue)(yue)余時間完(wan)(wan)成導流(liu)(liu)壩(ba)(ba)和(he)導流(liu)(liu)溝工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),8月(yue)(yue)底(di)完(wan)(wan)成清基回填任務,9月(yue)(yue)底(di)開(kai)始筑(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)。筑(zhu)壩(ba)(ba)所需土(tu)石, 大(da)(da)部靠(kao)人(ren)(ren)力小推車和(he)肩(jian)挑(tiao)、人(ren)(ren)抬運送。1959年(nian)(nian)5月(yue)(yue)按期(qi)進入大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)合(he)龍(long)階段。彌河汛(xun)期(qi)洪水(shui)量大(da)(da)勢(shi)猛,汛(xun)中合(he)龍(long),困難特大(da)(da)。此時,昌濰(wei)專署副專員率益都、 昌樂、壽(shou)光民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)4500人(ren)(ren)開(kai)赴工(gong)(gong)(gong)地增援,臨朐縣(xian)再次增調2萬多人(ren)(ren),奮(fen)戰一月(yue)(yue), 大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)合(he)龍(long)。9月(yue)(yue),大(da)(da)壩(ba)(ba)全面竣工(gong)(gong)(gong),奔騰(teng)不羈的彌河被攔腰鎖住。之(zhi)后,配套工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)相繼完(wan)(wan)成。水(shui)庫(ku)總計完(wan)(wan)成土(tu)石方418.5萬立方米(mi),用工(gong)(gong)(gong)日604.8萬個,投(tou)(tou)資1188.5萬元(國家投(tou)(tou)資432.5萬元)。
水庫作用及經濟效益
冶(ye)(ye)源水(shui)(shui)庫是臨朐縣根治彌河水(shui)(shui)害、綜(zong)合(he)開(kai)發彌河下游經濟帶的(de)關(guan)鍵性(xing)水(shui)(shui)利樞紐工程。冶(ye)(ye)源水(shui)(shui)庫庫區多年(nian)平均(jun)年(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)680.6毫(hao)米(mi),最大年(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)1320.7毫(hao)米(mi),最小年(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)433.6毫(hao)米(mi);汛(xun)期見(jian)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)占年(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)的(de)74.5%。冶(ye)(ye)源水(shui)(shui)庫灌(guan)溉區設兩條(tiao)骨干渠(qu)道(dao),一條(tiao)沿(yan)彌河西岸貫(guan)穿(chuan)冶(ye)(ye)源、城關(guan)2鎮(zhen),全長(chang)20.6千(qian)米(mi);另一條(tiao)沿(yan)東岸貫(guan)穿(chuan)東城、龍崗2鎮(zhen),全長(chang)40.6千(qian)米(mi);干、支(zhi)、斗渠(qu)網(wang)布1.27萬(wan)公頃沃野糧田,設計灌(guan)溉面積2.8萬(wan)公頃。除灌(guan)溉防(fang)洪(hong)外,庫內養(yang)魚年(nian)產22萬(wan)千(qian)克,畝產水(shui)(shui)平居全省(sheng)大型水(shui)(shui)庫之首。