水庫概況
又稱(cheng)巨(ju)陽湖,位于(yu)山東省(sheng)臨朐縣彌河(he)上游,1959年建成;集(ji)水(shui)(shui)面積786平方(fang)千(qian)米(mi),總庫容1.67億(yi)立(li)方(fang)米(mi)。冶源水(shui)(shui)庫主體(ti)工程(cheng)由主壩(ba)、副壩(ba)、溢洪(hong)閘(zha)、輸水(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)和壩(ba)后(hou)式電(dian)站組成。主壩(ba)長650米(mi),系黏土心墻(qiang)砂殼壩(ba),最(zui)(zui)大壩(ba)高27.3米(mi)。副壩(ba)壩(ba)長2270米(mi),為(wei)粉(fen)質(zhi)壤土均質(zhi)壩(ba),最(zui)(zui)大壩(ba)高17.3米(mi)。溢洪(hong)閘(zha)建于(yu)副壩(ba)東端(duan),為(wei)開敞式溢洪(hong)道,泄流(liu)凈(jing)寬100米(mi),閘(zha)底高程(cheng)130米(mi),設(she)計(ji)最(zui)(zui)大泄洪(hong)流(liu)量(liang)7240立(li)方(fang)米(mi)每秒。輸水(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)有東、西(xi)兩個(ge),進(jin)口底高程(cheng)均為(wei)126.0米(mi)。東放水(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)徑2.0米(mi),最(zui)(zui)大設(she)計(ji)泄流(liu)量(liang)30.9立(li)方(fang)米(mi)每秒;西(xi)放水(shui)(shui)洞(dong)(dong)洞(dong)(dong)徑1.5米(mi),最(zui)(zui)大設(she)計(ji)泄流(liu)量(liang)17.5立(li)方(fang)米(mi)每秒。出口建有壩(ba)后(hou)式水(shui)(shui)電(dian)站,裝機5臺容量(liang)850千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa),設(she)計(ji)年發(fa)電(dian)量(liang)139萬千(qian)瓦(wa)(wa)時。
地理位置
冶源水庫(ku)。庫(ku)壩氣勢(shi)雄偉,如(ru)(ru)巨人張臂,橫攔(lan)河道,兩(liang)端與公路相接,延向東西。堤壩中段的10孔泄(xie)洪(hong)閘(zha)(zha)寬百米,宏偉壯(zhuang)觀,擁有每秒7240立方米的泄(xie)洪(hong)能力。洪(hong)汛猛(meng)海(hai)漲時(shi),閘(zha)(zha)門一開(kai),雷鳴(ming)般(ban)聲(sheng)聞十里。庫(ku)水從東西2干渠出水洞流出,兩(liang)條(tiao)干渠宛如(ru)(ru)銀龍,蜿蜒北去。
周邊環境
水(shui)庫堤(di)以(yi)北(bei),果(guo)(guo)樹滿(man)坡(po),春季(ji)百花斗艷,秋季(ji)碩果(guo)(guo)盈枝。治源水(shui)庫管理局(ju)即在(zai)此處(chu)。主(zhu)壩(ba)和副壩(ba)交界處(chu),有半(ban)島嶼伸(shen)入庫水(shui)之中(zhong),半(ban)島之上,松柏蒼翠(cui),芙蓉成(cheng)行,查休連片。半(ban)島南(nan)端,瀕臨庫水(shui),建樓房一座(zuo),清(qing)靜(jing)幽雅,乃游(you)客休息之所。登樓眺望,庫水(shui)浩(hao)瀚,波(bo)光粼粼,山(shan)水(shui)瀕連。水(shui)鳥三五成(cheng)群或(huo)翱翔于太空,或(huo)浮游(you)于水(shui)面;子(zi)泛舟歡(huan)歌笑語(yu);漁民撒網,網滿(man)魚肥。灌區之內(nei),視(shi)野所及,大地似錦,風景(jing)如(ru)畫(hua)。
冶(ye)源水庫 丹河、石河與彌河匯流(liu)處,上游控制流(liu)域面積786平方公里, 總庫容1.955億立方米(mi), 興利庫容8370萬立方米(mi), 東西兩干渠共轄1160條支、斗(dou)、農、毛渠,總長720公里,網布于水庫以北、彌河兩岸252個(ge)自然村,控制灌(guan)(guan)溉面積19.2萬畝(mu)(mu),有效灌(guan)(guan)溉面積18萬畝(mu)(mu)。開灌(guan)(guan)以來(lai),一直為全國先(xian)進灌(guan)(guan)區。水庫經(jing)過續(xu)建、擴建和多次歲(sui)修,防(fang)洪效能達到千年一遇的標準(zhun)。
修建歷史
1957年(nian)冬,縣(xian)(xian)委(wei)決定(ding)修(xiu)建冶(ye)源(yuan)水(shui)庫。次(ci)年(nian)春,山東(dong)省水(shui)利(li)勘察設(she)計院幫助臨朐縣(xian)(xian)進行庫址(zhi)調(diao)查、勘測。縣(xian)(xian)組成冶(ye)源(yuan)水(shui)庫工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)指(zhi)揮部(bu),縣(xian)(xian)長鄭志英、副(fu)縣(xian)(xian)長張(zhang)金聲分別任正副(fu)指(zhi)揮,從全縣(xian)(xian)30個(ge)鄉(xiang)調(diao)集民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)11000人(ren),于5月(yue)28日破土(tu)動工(gong)(gong)(gong),月(yue)余時間(jian)完(wan)(wan)成導流(liu)壩和(he)導流(liu)溝工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),8月(yue)底完(wan)(wan)成清基回(hui)填任務,9月(yue)底開(kai)(kai)始(shi)筑(zhu)壩。筑(zhu)壩所需土(tu)石, 大(da)部(bu)靠人(ren)力(li)小推(tui)車和(he)肩挑、人(ren)抬運送。1959年(nian)5月(yue)按期(qi)進入大(da)壩合(he)龍(long)(long)階(jie)段(duan)。彌(mi)河汛期(qi)洪水(shui)量(liang)大(da)勢猛,汛中合(he)龍(long)(long),困難(nan)特(te)大(da)。此時,昌濰專(zhuan)署副(fu)專(zhuan)員率(lv)益都、 昌樂、壽光民(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)4500人(ren)開(kai)(kai)赴(fu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)地增(zeng)援,臨朐縣(xian)(xian)再次(ci)增(zeng)調(diao)2萬多(duo)人(ren),奮戰一月(yue), 大(da)壩合(he)龍(long)(long)。9月(yue),大(da)壩全面竣工(gong)(gong)(gong),奔(ben)騰不羈的彌(mi)河被攔(lan)腰鎖住。之后,配套工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)相繼(ji)完(wan)(wan)成。水(shui)庫總計完(wan)(wan)成土(tu)石方418.5萬立方米(mi),用工(gong)(gong)(gong)日604.8萬個(ge),投(tou)(tou)資(zi)1188.5萬元(國(guo)家投(tou)(tou)資(zi)432.5萬元)。
水庫作用及經濟效益
冶(ye)(ye)源水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫是臨朐(qu)縣根治(zhi)彌河水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)害、綜(zong)合開(kai)發(fa)彌河下游經濟帶的關鍵性水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)利樞(shu)紐工程(cheng)。冶(ye)(ye)源水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫庫區多年(nian)(nian)平(ping)均年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)680.6毫米,最(zui)大(da)年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)1320.7毫米,最(zui)小年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)433.6毫米;汛期見(jian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)占年(nian)(nian)降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)的74.5%。冶(ye)(ye)源水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫灌(guan)(guan)溉區設兩(liang)條骨干渠(qu)道(dao),一條沿(yan)彌河西岸貫穿(chuan)冶(ye)(ye)源、城(cheng)關2鎮,全(quan)長20.6千米;另一條沿(yan)東岸貫穿(chuan)東城(cheng)、龍(long)崗2鎮,全(quan)長40.6千米;干、支(zhi)、斗渠(qu)網布(bu)1.27萬公頃(qing)(qing)沃野糧(liang)田,設計灌(guan)(guan)溉面(mian)積2.8萬公頃(qing)(qing)。除(chu)灌(guan)(guan)溉防洪外,庫內養魚(yu)年(nian)(nian)產22萬千克,畝產水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)居全(quan)省大(da)型水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫之首。