簡介
石(shi)山口水(shui)庫位于(yu)河(he)南省(sheng)羅山縣(xian)竹竿(gan)河(he)支(zhi)流小潢河(he)上游,集水(shui)面積(ji)306平方公里,是一座以(yi)灌溉、防洪(hong)(hong)(hong)為(wei)主,結合(he)發電和養殖綜(zong)合(he)利用(yong)的丘(qiu)陵區水(shui)庫。水(shui)庫于(yu)1959年(nian)元(yuan)月動工興建,1969年(nian)建成(cheng)。水(shui)庫原按(an)百(bai)年(nian)一遇洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)設計,千年(nian)一遇洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)校核。“75.8”洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)后按(an)可能最大洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(PMF)進行加固,設計洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)位80.6米,校核洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)位84.52米,總庫容3.72億立方米。
規模
水庫樞紐工程包括主壩、副壩、溢洪道、輸水洞、南干渠首閘、北干渠首閘等。主壩為粘土心墻砂殼壩,壩頂高程85.62米,最大壩高25.62米,壩頂長295米;副壩長373米,最大壩高13.12米。主溢洪道為開敞式寬頂堰,堰頂高程70米,溢洪閘為3孔10х11.3米弧形閘門,最大泄流量1973立方米每秒。輸水洞為圓形有壓隧洞,最大泄流量27立方米每秒。
洪水調度情況
2016年省防指批復的主汛期調(diao)度運用方(fang)案(an)為(wei):庫(ku)水(shui)位78.50-79.16米(mi)(5年一遇)時(shi)(shi)(shi),控(kong)泄150立方(fang)米(mi)/秒。庫(ku)水(shui)位79.16-79.89米(mi)(20年一遇)時(shi)(shi)(shi),控(kong)泄400立方(fang)米(mi)/秒。庫(ku)水(shui)位79.89-80.91米(mi)(100年一遇)時(shi)(shi)(shi),控(kong)泄600立方(fang)米(mi)/秒。庫(ku)水(shui)位超過80.91米(mi)時(shi)(shi)(shi),溢洪道和輸(shu)水(shui)洞敞(chang)開泄流。
石(shi)山口水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫灌區(qu)管(guan)理局(ju)根(gen)據水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫運行(xing)情況,提前謀劃,從4月28日(ri)(ri)開始開機發電,累(lei)計騰(teng)空(kong)庫容4100萬立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi),為(wei)攔截本次(ci)(ci)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)創造了(le)條件。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)發生(sheng)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中,我局(ju)工(gong)程(cheng)技術人員共向市(shi)防(fang)(fang)辦發出了(le)四次(ci)(ci)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)預報(修正(zheng)預報),準確地(di)預報了(le)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰流量和洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng),為(wei)領導科(ke)學決策提供(gong)可(ke)靠(kao)依據。7月20日(ri)(ri)18時(shi)(shi),庫水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)達汛限水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)78.50米(mi)后(hou),水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫管(guan)理局(ju)立(li)(li)即(ji)向上級報告,做(zuo)好了(le)隨時(shi)(shi)按省(sheng)、市(shi)防(fang)(fang)指指令開閘泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)的準備工(gong)作。21日(ri)(ri),省(sheng)防(fang)(fang)指通知12時(shi)(shi)泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)100立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)/秒,因淮(huai)河流域普降大暴雨(yu),下(xia)游(you)縣城部(bu)分區(qu)域已經進(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)形成(cheng)內澇,防(fang)(fang)汛形勢緊(jin)張,經與(yu)省(sheng)、市(shi)防(fang)(fang)辦會商后(hou)決定暫緩泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)。根(gen)據水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)和下(xia)游(you)情況,省(sheng)防(fang)(fang)辦批(pi)準石(shi)山口水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)庫從21日(ri)(ri)18時(shi)(shi)開始泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)60立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)/秒(含發電)。庫水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)持(chi)續回落,7月24日(ri)(ri)20時(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)回落到78.50米(mi),按照省(sheng)防(fang)(fang)辦的指令關閉(bi)溢(yi)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)道(dao)停止泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong),僅以電站滿發6立(li)(li)方(fang)米(mi)/秒下(xia)泄(xie)。
防洪減災效益
在(zai)本次洪(hong)水(shui)調度中,省、市防(fang)(fang)指根(gen)據水(shui)庫(ku)汛(xun)(xun)情、天氣預報和(he)下(xia)游(you)防(fang)(fang)汛(xun)(xun)形勢(shi),審(shen)時(shi)度勢(shi)、科學調度、果斷決(jue)策,在(zai)石山口(kou)水(shui)庫(ku)自身超汛(xun)(xun)限水(shui)位情況(kuang)下(xia),為了下(xia)游(you)縣城的(de)防(fang)(fang)洪(hong)安全,關(guan)閘錯(cuo)(cuo)峰(feng)(feng)24個(ge)小時(shi)(20日18時(shi)-21日18時(shi)),多攔(lan)蓄洪(hong)水(shui)1230萬(wan)立方米,削減洪(hong)峰(feng)(feng)92.8%,為下(xia)游(you)的(de)防(fang)(fang)汛(xun)(xun)安全作(zuo)出了應(ying)有貢(gong)獻。據初步分析(xi),在(zai)這(zhe)次洪(hong)水(shui)中,因石山口(kou)水(shui)庫(ku)的(de)攔(lan)洪(hong)錯(cuo)(cuo)峰(feng)(feng)和(he)小龍(long)山、子路水(shui)庫(ku)的(de)錯(cuo)(cuo)峰(feng)(feng)作(zuo)用(yong),減少(shao)受災人(ren)口(kou)3.4萬(wan)人(ren),減少(shao)淹沒(mei)耕地面積8.59萬(wan)畝,防(fang)(fang)洪(hong)社會(hui)效(xiao)益估算約1.739億(yi)元。