簡介
石山口水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)位于河(he)南(nan)省羅山縣竹竿河(he)支流小潢(huang)河(he)上游(you),集水(shui)(shui)面積306平方(fang)公里(li),是一(yi)(yi)座(zuo)以灌溉、防洪(hong)(hong)(hong)為(wei)主,結(jie)合(he)發電和養殖(zhi)綜合(he)利用的丘(qiu)陵區水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)。水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)于1959年(nian)元月動工興建,1969年(nian)建成。水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)原按百年(nian)一(yi)(yi)遇(yu)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)設計,千年(nian)一(yi)(yi)遇(yu)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)校核。“75.8”洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)后按可能最(zui)大洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(PMF)進(jin)行加(jia)固,設計洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)位80.6米(mi)(mi),校核洪(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)位84.52米(mi)(mi),總庫(ku)容(rong)3.72億立方(fang)米(mi)(mi)。
規模
水庫樞紐工程包括主壩、副壩、溢洪道、輸水洞、南干渠首閘、北干渠首閘等。主壩為粘土心墻砂殼壩,壩頂高程85.62米,最大壩高25.62米,壩頂長295米;副壩長373米,最大壩高13.12米。主溢洪道為開敞式寬頂堰,堰頂高程70米,溢洪閘為3孔10х11.3米弧形閘門,最大泄流量1973立方米每秒。輸水洞為圓形有壓隧洞,最大泄流量27立方米每秒。
洪水調度情況
2016年省防指批(pi)復的(de)主汛期(qi)調度運用方案為:庫(ku)(ku)水位78.50-79.16米(5年一(yi)遇(yu))時,控(kong)泄150立方米/秒(miao)。庫(ku)(ku)水位79.16-79.89米(20年一(yi)遇(yu))時,控(kong)泄400立方米/秒(miao)。庫(ku)(ku)水位79.89-80.91米(100年一(yi)遇(yu))時,控(kong)泄600立方米/秒(miao)。庫(ku)(ku)水位超過(guo)80.91米時,溢洪道(dao)和輸水洞敞開泄流。
石(shi)山(shan)(shan)口水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)灌區(qu)管(guan)理局根據(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)運行情況,提前謀劃,從4月28日(ri)開始開機發(fa)(fa)電,累計(ji)騰空庫(ku)(ku)容4100萬立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi),為(wei)攔(lan)截本次(ci)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)創造(zao)了(le)條件。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)發(fa)(fa)生過(guo)程中,我局工程技術人員共(gong)向市(shi)防辦發(fa)(fa)出了(le)四次(ci)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)預報(bao)(修正預報(bao)),準確地(di)預報(bao)了(le)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰流量和洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)過(guo)程,為(wei)領導科學(xue)決(jue)(jue)策提供可靠依(yi)據(ju)。7月20日(ri)18時(shi)(shi),庫(ku)(ku)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位達汛限水(shui)(shui)(shui)位78.50米(mi)(mi)后,水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)管(guan)理局立(li)即向上級報(bao)告,做好(hao)了(le)隨(sui)時(shi)(shi)按省、市(shi)防指(zhi)指(zhi)令開閘泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)的準備工作。21日(ri),省防指(zhi)通知12時(shi)(shi)泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)100立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)/秒,因(yin)淮河流域普降大暴雨,下游縣城(cheng)部(bu)分區(qu)域已(yi)經進水(shui)(shui)(shui)形成(cheng)內(nei)澇(lao),防汛形勢緊張,經與(yu)省、市(shi)防辦會商后決(jue)(jue)定暫緩泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)。根據(ju)水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位和下游情況,省防辦批準石(shi)山(shan)(shan)口水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)(ku)從21日(ri)18時(shi)(shi)開始泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)60立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)/秒(含發(fa)(fa)電)。庫(ku)(ku)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位持續回(hui)落,7月24日(ri)20時(shi)(shi)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位回(hui)落到78.50米(mi)(mi),按照省防辦的指(zhi)令關閉溢(yi)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)道停止泄(xie)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong),僅(jin)以電站滿發(fa)(fa)6立(li)方(fang)米(mi)(mi)/秒下泄(xie)。
防洪減災效益
在本次洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)調度中(zhong)(zhong),省、市防(fang)(fang)指根據水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)汛情(qing)、天氣預報和下(xia)(xia)游防(fang)(fang)汛形勢(shi),審時(shi)(shi)度勢(shi)、科學調度、果斷決策,在石山口水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)自身(shen)超汛限(xian)水(shui)(shui)(shui)位情(qing)況(kuang)下(xia)(xia),為(wei)了下(xia)(xia)游縣城的防(fang)(fang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)安全,關閘錯峰(feng)(feng)(feng)24個小時(shi)(shi)(20日18時(shi)(shi)-21日18時(shi)(shi)),多攔蓄洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)1230萬立方米,削減洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰(feng)(feng)(feng)92.8%,為(wei)下(xia)(xia)游的防(fang)(fang)汛安全作出了應有貢獻。據初(chu)步分(fen)析(xi),在這次洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)中(zhong)(zhong),因石山口水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)的攔洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)錯峰(feng)(feng)(feng)和小龍山、子路水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫(ku)的錯峰(feng)(feng)(feng)作用,減少(shao)受災人口3.4萬人,減少(shao)淹沒耕地面(mian)積8.59萬畝,防(fang)(fang)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)社會效益估算約1.739億元。