簡介
石山(shan)口水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫位(wei)于河(he)南省羅山(shan)縣竹(zhu)竿(gan)河(he)支流小潢河(he)上游,集水(shui)(shui)(shui)面積306平方公里,是(shi)一座以灌溉、防洪為主(zhu),結合發電和養殖綜(zong)合利用的丘陵區水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫。水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫于1959年(nian)(nian)元月動工興建,1969年(nian)(nian)建成。水(shui)(shui)(shui)庫原(yuan)按百年(nian)(nian)一遇(yu)洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)設計,千(qian)年(nian)(nian)一遇(yu)洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)校(xiao)核(he)。“75.8”洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)后按可能最大洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)(PMF)進(jin)行加固,設計洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)80.6米,校(xiao)核(he)洪水(shui)(shui)(shui)位(wei)84.52米,總庫容3.72億立方米。
規模
水庫樞紐工程包括主壩、副壩、溢洪道、輸水洞、南干渠首閘、北干渠首閘等。主壩為粘土心墻砂殼壩,壩頂高程85.62米,最大壩高25.62米,壩頂長295米;副壩長373米,最大壩高13.12米。主溢洪道為開敞式寬頂堰,堰頂高程70米,溢洪閘為3孔10х11.3米弧形閘門,最大泄流量1973立方米每秒。輸水洞為圓形有壓隧洞,最大泄流量27立方米每秒。
洪水調度情況
2016年省防指(zhi)批復的主汛期(qi)調(diao)度運用方案為:庫水位78.50-79.16米(5年一(yi)遇)時(shi)(shi),控(kong)泄150立(li)方米/秒。庫水位79.16-79.89米(20年一(yi)遇)時(shi)(shi),控(kong)泄400立(li)方米/秒。庫水位79.89-80.91米(100年一(yi)遇)時(shi)(shi),控(kong)泄600立(li)方米/秒。庫水位超過(guo)80.91米時(shi)(shi),溢洪道和輸(shu)水洞敞(chang)開泄流。
石山口水(shui)庫灌區(qu)管(guan)理局(ju)根(gen)據(ju)水(shui)庫運行情況(kuang),提前謀(mou)劃,從(cong)4月(yue)28日開始開機發電,累(lei)計(ji)騰空庫容4100萬(wan)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米,為(wei)攔截本(ben)次洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)創造了(le)條件。洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)發生(sheng)過程(cheng)中(zhong),我局(ju)工(gong)程(cheng)技術人(ren)員共向市防(fang)辦(ban)發出(chu)了(le)四次洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)預(yu)報(bao)(修正預(yu)報(bao)),準確地(di)預(yu)報(bao)了(le)洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)峰流(liu)量和洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)水(shui)過程(cheng),為(wei)領(ling)導科(ke)學決策提供可靠依據(ju)。7月(yue)20日18時(shi),庫水(shui)位達(da)汛限水(shui)位78.50米后(hou),水(shui)庫管(guan)理局(ju)立(li)即向上級報(bao)告,做(zuo)好了(le)隨時(shi)按省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、市防(fang)指(zhi)(zhi)指(zhi)(zhi)令開閘泄洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)的準備工(gong)作。21日,省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)防(fang)指(zhi)(zhi)通知12時(shi)泄洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)100立(li)方(fang)(fang)米/秒,因淮河流(liu)域(yu)普降大暴(bao)雨(yu),下(xia)(xia)游縣(xian)城部分區(qu)域(yu)已經進水(shui)形成(cheng)內(nei)澇,防(fang)汛形勢緊張,經與省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、市防(fang)辦(ban)會(hui)商(shang)后(hou)決定暫(zan)緩(huan)泄洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)。根(gen)據(ju)水(shui)庫水(shui)位和下(xia)(xia)游情況(kuang),省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)防(fang)辦(ban)批(pi)準石山口水(shui)庫從(cong)21日18時(shi)開始泄洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)60立(li)方(fang)(fang)米/秒(含發電)。庫水(shui)位持續回落,7月(yue)24日20時(shi)水(shui)位回落到78.50米,按照省(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)防(fang)辦(ban)的指(zhi)(zhi)令關閉溢洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong)道停(ting)止泄洪(hong)(hong)(hong)(hong),僅以電站(zhan)滿發6立(li)方(fang)(fang)米/秒下(xia)(xia)泄。
防洪減災效益
在本次洪(hong)水(shui)調度中(zhong),省、市防指根據水(shui)庫(ku)汛情(qing)、天氣預報和(he)下(xia)游防汛形勢(shi),審(shen)時度勢(shi)、科學調度、果斷(duan)決策,在石山口水(shui)庫(ku)自身超(chao)汛限水(shui)位(wei)情(qing)況下(xia),為了(le)下(xia)游縣城的(de)防洪(hong)安全(quan),關(guan)閘錯(cuo)峰24個小時(20日18時-21日18時),多攔蓄洪(hong)水(shui)1230萬(wan)立方米,削減(jian)洪(hong)峰92.8%,為下(xia)游的(de)防汛安全(quan)作出了(le)應有(you)貢獻(xian)。據初步分析(xi),在這(zhe)次洪(hong)水(shui)中(zhong),因石山口水(shui)庫(ku)的(de)攔洪(hong)錯(cuo)峰和(he)小龍山、子路水(shui)庫(ku)的(de)錯(cuo)峰作用,減(jian)少(shao)受災人口3.4萬(wan)人,減(jian)少(shao)淹沒耕地面積8.59萬(wan)畝,防洪(hong)社會(hui)效(xiao)益(yi)估算約1.739億元。