水庫概況
墻夼(kuǎng )水(shui)(shui)庫位于(yu)山東(dong)省(sheng)諸城(cheng)市枳溝(gou)鎮(zhen)西(xi)南10公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)濰河(he)上游,東(dong)經119°08′,北(bei)緯35°54′,距(ju)(ju)河(he)口距(ju)(ju)離(li)181公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li);東(dong)、西(xi)庫流(liu)域(yu)長(chang)度(du)分別(bie)為(wei)29.6公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)和30.1公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li),東(dong)、西(xi)庫干流(liu)長(chang)度(du)分別(bie)為(wei)33.6公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)和43公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li),東(dong)、西(xi)庫干流(liu)平均坡(po)度(du)分別(bie)為(wei)2.62米(mi)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)和2.18米(mi)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li);墻夼水(shui)(shui)庫控制流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積為(wei)656平方公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li);水(shui)(shui)庫水(shui)(shui)文站(zhan)于(yu)1960年4月設立。 流(liu)域(yu)內有學莊中型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)庫1座(zuo),小(xiao)(一)型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)庫10座(zuo),小(xiao)(二)型(xing)(xing)水(shui)(shui)庫66座(zuo),控制流(liu)域(yu)總面(mian)積為(wei)211.4平方公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li);水(shui)(shui)庫距(ju)(ju)諸城(cheng)市區約(yue)30公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li),距(ju)(ju)濰徐公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)路(lu)2公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)里(li)(li)(li)。
墻(qiang)(qiang)夼水庫(ku)(ku)(ku)地質巖(yan)層(ceng)多為白堊系(xi)及第(di)四(si)(si)系(xi)沉積(ji)物(wu),白堊系(xi)有(you)安(an)山(shan)斑(ban)巖(yan)、安(an)山(shan)凝(ning)灰巖(yan)、砂(sha)頁巖(yan)等;第(di)四(si)(si)系(xi)有(you)砂(sha)礫石、砂(sha)土,砂(sha)卵石層(ceng)厚3~8米(mi)(mi)。庫(ku)(ku)(ku)區(qu)地處暖溫帶季(ji)風區(qu),四(si)(si)季(ji)分(fen)(fen)明,光照期長(chang)。水庫(ku)(ku)(ku)大(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)東壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)坐(zuo)落在諸城市(shi)枳溝鎮墻(qiang)(qiang)夼村(cun)西(xi)(xi)(xi)南(nan),水庫(ku)(ku)(ku)西(xi)(xi)(xi)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)坐(zuo)落在五蓮縣汪(wang)湖鎮東南(nan)嶺村(cun)東南(nan)面(mian),位于(yu)濰河(he)干流(liu)峽谷出口(kou)(kou)處。東壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)型(xing)為黏土心墻(qiang)(qiang)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)長(chang)890米(mi)(mi),最(zui)大(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)27.7米(mi)(mi);西(xi)(xi)(xi)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)型(xing)為均(jun)質壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba),壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)長(chang)525米(mi)(mi),最(zui)大(da)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)高(gao)24.2米(mi)(mi)。兩(liang)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)上游流(liu)域(yu)呈扇形(xing),大(da)部分(fen)(fen)是山(shan)區(qu)丘陵地帶。東壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)西(xi)(xi)(xi)端(duan)設溢洪(hong)道,溢洪(hong)道為開敞式寬頂(ding)堰(yan)(yan),無溢洪(hong)閘,堰(yan)(yan)頂(ding)凈(jing)寬110.00米(mi)(mi),最(zui)大(da)泄量3690立方米(mi)(mi)每秒,下游河(he)道最(zui)大(da)安(an)全泄量2000立方米(mi)(mi)每秒。庫(ku)(ku)(ku)區(qu)遷移(yi)人(ren)口(kou)(kou)3700人(ren)。墻(qiang)(qiang)夼水庫(ku)(ku)(ku)東壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)攔截濰河(he)兩(liang)條主(zhu)要支流(liu)——洪(hong)凝(ning)河(he)、仲固河(he),控制流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積(ji)346平方千米(mi)(mi),形(xing)成東庫(ku)(ku)(ku);西(xi)(xi)(xi)壩(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)(ba)攔截濰河(he)主(zhu)河(he)道,控制流(liu)域(yu)面(mian)積(ji)310平方千米(mi)(mi),形(xing)成西(xi)(xi)(xi)庫(ku)(ku)(ku)。
水庫效益
墻夼(kuang)水(shui)庫建(jian)(jian)成后,對已發生(sheng)的洪水(shui)最大削減洪峰79%,有效(xiao)保護(hu)了五(wu)蓮縣汪(wang)湖(hu)鎮(zhen)、諸城市(shi)(shi)城區(qu)、枳溝(gou)(gou)、呂標(biao)(biao)等鎮(zhen)20.3萬(wan)人口(kou)、20萬(wan)畝耕地及膠新鐵路(lu)、206國道、青萊高(gao)速公(gong)路(lu)、省道央贛路(lu)的安全。灌(guan)區(qu)于(yu)1966年建(jian)(jian)成開(kai)(kai)灌(guan),工程有一條總干渠,長(chang)51千(qian)米,分干渠及支渠29條,長(chang)l79.5千(qian)米。灌(guan)區(qu)設計灌(guan)溉面(mian)(mian)積2.533萬(wan)公(gong)頃(qing),有效(xiao)灌(guan)溉面(mian)(mian)積2.07萬(wan)公(gong)頃(qing);控制灌(guan)溉五(wu)蓮縣汪(wang)湖(hu)鎮(zhen)和諸城市(shi)(shi)枳溝(gou)(gou)、呂標(biao)(biao)等9個鎮(zhen)266個自(zi)然村的土地。墻夼(kuang)灌(guan)區(qu)自(zi)開(kai)(kai)灌(guan)至今累計灌(guan)溉面(mian)(mian)積43.6萬(wan)公(gong)頃(qing),增產糧食6億多千(qian)克。墻夼(kuang)水(shui)電站建(jian)(jian)成于(yu)1975年12月,于(yu)2004年4月改造,裝(zhuang)機4臺(tai)容量1280千(qian)瓦。
水庫歷史
墻夼水庫位于濰河(he)上游(you),庫區多在五蓮縣(xian),大壩(ba)歸(gui)諸城,灌區在諸城境內. 1959年10月(yue)26日開(kai)工(gong),1960年8月(yue)15日竣(jun)工(gong)。
墻夼水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)上游多年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)年(nian)(nian)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)759毫米(mi),多年(nian)(nian)平均(jun)年(nian)(nian)徑流(liu)(liu)量(liang)1.968億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)。1974年(nian)(nian)8月13日發(fa)生(sheng)特大洪水(shui)(shui),全流(liu)(liu)域(yu)降(jiang)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)259毫米(mi),平均(jun)徑流(liu)(liu)深166毫米(mi),洪水(shui)(shui)總(zong)量(liang)1.12億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi),調節(jie)水(shui)(shui)量(liang)2.924億(yi)(yi)立(li)方(fang)(fang)米(mi)。水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)保安全工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有溢洪道(dao)改造工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、東(dong)西庫(ku)連(lian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)溝(gou)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等。水(shui)(shui)庫(ku)東(dong)西兩庫(ku)間設有連(lian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)溝(gou),連(lian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)溝(gou)新(xin)建(jian)交通(tong)(tong)(tong)橋3孔,凈寬75米(mi),橋底高程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)94.0米(mi)。因(yin)施工原因(yin),連(lian)通(tong)(tong)(tong)溝(gou)橋建(jian)成后(hou),橋孔只挖開一(yi)孔,凈寬25米(mi)。
水庫治理
墻夼(kuang)水(shui)庫位于諸城市枳溝鎮墻夼(kuang)村西南,濰河(he)流(liu)域(yu)濰河(he)干流(liu)上游,流(liu)域(yu)面積656km2,總庫容3.28億m3,工(gong)程(cheng)等別(bie)II等,主要水(shui)工(gong)建筑物級(ji)別(bie)2級(ji)。
該水(shui)(shui)庫是一座以防(fang)(fang)洪(hong)、灌(guan)溉為主,結(jie)合養殖(zhi)、發電等綜合利用的(de)大(2)型(xing)水(shui)(shui)庫,擔負下(xia)(xia)游(you)五(wu)蓮(lian)縣汪湖鎮、諸城(cheng)市(shi)城(cheng)區及(ji)枳溝、呂標、九臺、昌城(cheng)、舜(shun)王、相州、郭家(jia)屯(tun)、石橋(qiao)子、賈悅9個鄉鎮(街(jie)辦)40萬(wan)人口,20萬(wan)畝(mu)耕地的(de)防(fang)(fang)汛(xun)安全(quan)(quan)重任。下(xia)(xia)游(you)有(you)206國道、諸城(cheng)戰斗機場、省道央贛公(gong)路、省道薛館(guan)公(gong)路、膠新(xin)鐵(tie)路、濟青高速公(gong)路南線(xian),同(tong)時該水(shui)(shui)庫是峽山水(shui)(shui)庫的(de)上(shang)游(you)水(shui)(shui)庫,大壩的(de)安全(quan)(quan)與否對下(xia)(xia)游(you)沿河(he)人民生命(ming)財產的(de)安全(quan)(quan)起著至關(guan)重要的(de)作用。
墻夼水(shui)庫(ku)對當地的(de)農(nong)業生產起(qi)到了(le)重(zhong)要作用。每年春秋兩(liang)季干旱(han)時節,就(jiu)開(kai)始開(kai)閘放水(shui),沿(yan)著各(ge)鄉鎮早已挖(wa)好的(de)渠道,流(liu)經各(ge)村,澆灌了(le)千萬畝良田沃土。